Linux:解决U盘可以识别,但在/dev目录下只有sda,却无设备节点(sda1)的问题

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问题:U盘接入,系统可以识别,但在/dev目录下只有sda(或其他),却无设备节点sda1(或其他)?

解决:

(1)查看U盘是否分区

#fdisk /dev/sda                              /*进入fdisk命令操作空间*/
#Command (m for help): m                     /*命令查看*/
Command action
a   toggle a bootable flag                   #设置引导扇区
b   edit bsd disklabel                       #编辑卷标(linux下使用的卷标bsd通用)
c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
d   delete a partition                       #删除分区 
l   list known partition types               #列出已知的分区类型 
m   print this menu       
n   add a new partition                      #添加一个新的分区 
o   create a new empty DOS partition table   #生成一个新的空DOS分区列表 
p   print the partition table                #打印分区列表 
q   quit without saving changes              #不保存退出
s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
t   change a partition's system id           #改变一个分区列表的ID 
u   change display/entry units
v   verify the partition table
w   write table to disk and exit             #写入列表到磁盘并退出
x   extra functionality (experts only)

#Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 8178 MB, 8178892800 bytes
252 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 15624 * 512 = 7999488 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id System  /*可见U盘无分区*/

(2)若未分区,创建分区sda1,并格式化(也可以不进行格式化)

#fdisk /dev/sda                                                                                                 

Command (m for help): m
Command Action
a       toggle a bootable flag
b       edit bsd disklabel
c       toggle the dos compatibility flag
d       delete a partition
l       list known partition types
n       add a new partition
o       create a new empty DOS partition table
p       print the partition table
q       quit without saving changes
s       create a new empty Sun disklabel
t       change a partition's system id
u       change display/entry units
v       verify the partition table
w       write table to disk and exit
x       extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n                        /*n表示添加一个新的分区*/
Command action
   e   extended                                /*创建扩展分区*/
   p   primary partition (1-4)                 /*创建主分区*/
p                                              
Partition number (1-4): 1                      /*输入主分区号,这里设置为1*/
First cylinder (1-1022, default 1): Using default value 1 /*起始,回车使用默认值*/
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1022, default 1022): Using default  value 1022 /*结尾,回车使用默认值*/

Command (m for help): p                        /*p表示打印分区列表*/                                                                    

Disk /dev/sda: 8178 MB, 8178892800 bytes
252 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 15624 * 512 = 7999488 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id System  /*可见sda1分区已创建*/
/dev/sda1               1        1022     7983833  83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table

#mkfs -t vfat /dev/sda1                        /*对sda1进行格式化(也可以不进行这一步)*/
mkfs.vfat 3.0.12 (29 Oct 2011)
mkfs.vfat: /dev/sda1 contains a mounted file system.

#fsck -t vfat /dev/sda                         /*格式化完成后对U盘进行修复*/
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
dosfsck 3.0.12, 29 Oct 2011, FAT32, LFN
Logical sector size (64543 bytes) is not a multiple of the physical sector size.

(3)前两步完成后,在/dev目录下将会出现设备节点sda1;如果没有,则手动创建设备节点sda1

#mknod /dev/sda1 b 8 1                /*手动创建设备节点sda1*/
#mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/udisk           /*挂载U盘到/mnt/udisk目录下*/
#umount /mnt/udisk                    /*卸载U盘*/

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