行为驱动测试（2）

2.1在Eclipse中使用JUnit和英文语言进行行为驱动测试

测试逻辑：

（1）访问126邮箱

（2）再访问163邮箱

（3）输入用户名密码登录163邮箱

（4）成功登录后退出邮箱

被测试网址：

http://mail.163.com

BBD实施步骤：

（1）在Eclipse的BDDProj工程文件夹上单击鼠标右键，在弹出的快捷菜单中选择new-》Folder命令，在弹出的对话框的Folder name 输入框中输入Feature，并单击Finish按钮Feature文件夹新的新建

（2）在Feature文件夹上单击鼠标右键，在弹出的快捷菜单中选择new-》File命令，在弹出的对话框中输入Login_test.feature，单击Finish按钮

（3）在Eclipse中双击Login_test.feature文件进行编辑，在编辑区输入如下内容

@tag
Feature: login and logout

  @tag1
  Scenario: Successful Login with Valid Credentials
    Given User is on EmailTypeList Page
    When User Navigata to 163 Mail LogIn Page
    And User enters UserName and Password
    Then Message displayed Login Successfully

  @tag2
  Scenario: Successful LogOut
    When User LogOut from the Application
    Then Message displayed LogOut Successfully

（4）在cucumberTest 包下新建一个文件类，名称为TestRunner.java其源码如下

package cn.cucumberTest;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

/*设定feature在工程中的路径，“Feature”表示在工程根目录下
 * glue参数设定BDD自动化测试代码所在的Package名称
 * format参数设定生成HTML格式的报告，并将报告生成路径target/cucumber-html-report
 * */
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "Feature",glue = {"cn.stepDefintion"},format = {"html:target/cucumber-html-report"})


public class TestRunner {

}

（5）在编辑区单击鼠标右键，在弹出的快捷菜单中选择Run As-》JUnit Test命令运行后Console控制台显示如下代码

@Given("^User is on EmailTypeList Page$")
public void user_is_on_EmailTypeList_Page() throws Throwable {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new PendingException();
}

@When("^User Navigata to (\\d+) Mail LogIn Page$")
public void user_Navigata_to_Mail_LogIn_Page(int arg1) throws Throwable {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new PendingException();
}

@When("^User enters UserName and Password$")
public void user_enters_UserName_and_Password() throws Throwable {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new PendingException();
}

@Then("^Message displayed Login Successfully$")
public void message_displayed_Login_Successfully() throws Throwable {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new PendingException();
}

@When("^User LogOut from the Application$")
public void user_LogOut_from_the_Application() throws Throwable {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new PendingException();
}

@Then("^Message displayed LogOut Successfully$")
public void message_displayed_LogOut_Successfully() throws Throwable {
    // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
    throw new PendingException();
}

（7）在stepDefinition Package中新建一个类，命名为Login_Test.java,将步骤（6）中的部分代码复制到类中，去掉// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions和throw new PendingException();这两行代码，并添加3个注解的import代码行

package cn.stepDefintion;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class Login_Test {
    @Given("^User is on EmailTypeList Page$")
    public void user_is_on_EmailTypeList_Page() throws Throwable {
       
    }

    @When("^User Navigata to (\\d+) Mail LogIn Page$")
    public void user_Navigata_to_Mail_LogIn_Page(int arg1) throws Throwable {
        
    }

    @When("^User enters UserName and Password$")
    public void user_enters_UserName_and_Password() throws Throwable {
       
    }

    @Then("^Message displayed Login Successfully$")
    public void message_displayed_Login_Successfully() throws Throwable {
       
    }

    @When("^User LogOut from the Application$")
    public void user_LogOut_from_the_Application() throws Throwable {
       
    }

    @Then("^Message displayed LogOut Successfully$")
    public void message_displayed_LogOut_Successfully() throws Throwable {
       
    }
}

（8）在Cucumber的Package下，新建一个测试类并自定义命名（例如TestCucumber），编写并调试完成所有测试场景的自动化测试代码。具体代码如下

package cn.cucumberTest;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class TestCucumber {
    public static WebDriver driver;
    public static String baseUrl = "https://email.126.com/";

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\WebDriver\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        driver.quit();
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginAndLogout() throws InterruptedException {
        driver.get(baseUrl);
        driver.get("https://email.163.com/");
        //进入登录框所在的frame
        driver.switchTo().frame(0);
        WebElement userName = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@placeholder='邮箱账号或手机号码']"));
        WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@placeholder='输入密码']"));
        WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id("dologin"));
        //清空用户和密码输入框
        userName.clear();
        password.clear();
        //输入用户名密码
        userName.sendKeys("m17805983076");
        password.sendKeys("*****");
        //单击按钮
        loginButton.click();
        //等待5秒完成登录
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //断言判断页面是否包含未读邮件
        assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains("未读邮件"));
        System.out.println("登录成功");
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        WebElement logoutLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='退出']"));
        //单击退出
        logoutLink.click();
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //断言页面是否包含您已成功退出网易邮箱。判断已退出邮箱
        assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains("您已成功退出网易邮箱。"));
        System.out.println("成功退出");
        driver.quit();
    }

}

（9）根据Login_test.feature文件中场景操作的步骤，将步骤（8）中的代码按照测试拆分到Login_Test测试类中,实现后的代码如下

package cn.stepDefintion;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class Login_Test {
    public static WebDriver driver;
    public static String baseUrl ="https://email.126.com/";
    @Given("^User is on EmailTypeList Page$")
    public void user_is_on_EmailTypeList_Page() throws Throwable {
       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\WebDriver\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
       driver = new ChromeDriver();
       driver.manage().window().maximize();
       driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
       driver.get(baseUrl);
    }

    @When("^User Navigata to (\\d+) Mail LogIn Page$")
    public void user_Navigata_to_Mail_LogIn_Page(int arg1) throws Throwable {
        driver.get("https://email.163.com/");
        Thread.sleep(5000);
    }

    @When("^User enters UserName and Password$")
    public void user_enters_UserName_and_Password() throws Throwable {
        /*WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,15);
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@placeholder='邮箱账号或手机号码']")));*/
        driver.switchTo().frame(0);
        WebElement userName = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@placeholder='邮箱账号或手机号码']"));
        WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@placeholder='输入密码']"));
        WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id("dologin"));
        //清空用户和密码输入框
        userName.clear();
        password.clear();
        //输入用户名密码
        userName.sendKeys("m17805983076");
        password.sendKeys("*****");
        //单击按钮
        loginButton.click();
    }

    @Then("^Message displayed Login Successfully$")
    public void message_displayed_Login_Successfully() throws Throwable {
        //等待5秒完成登录
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //断言判断页面是否包含未读邮件
        assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains("未读邮件"));
        System.out.println("登录成功");
    }

    @When("^User LogOut from the Application$")
    public void user_LogOut_from_the_Application() throws Throwable {
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        WebElement logoutLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='退出']"));
        //单击退出
        logoutLink.click();
    }

    @Then("^Message displayed LogOut Successfully$")
    public void message_displayed_LogOut_Successfully() throws Throwable {
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //断言页面是否包含您已成功退出网易邮箱。判断已退出邮箱
        assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains("您已成功退出网易邮箱。"));
        System.out.println("成功退出");
        driver.quit();
    }
}

(10)运行TestRunner.java，可以看到BDD的自动化测试用例被成功执行，并显示出每个测试步骤的执行结果

（11）在工程的target\cucumber-html-report目录下可以看到BDD的HTML版本的测试报告，如图

行为驱动测试（2）

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