Spring boot文件上传功能

本篇文章,我们要来做一个Spring的文件上传功能:

1. 创建一个Maven的web工程,然后配置pom.xml文件,增加依赖:

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<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     <version> 1.0 . 2 .RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2.在webapp目录下的index.jsp文件中输入一个表单:

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<html>
<body>
<form method= "POST"  enctype= "multipart/form-data"
       action= "/upload" >
     File to upload: <input type= "file"  name= "file" ><br /> Name: <input
         type= "text"  name= "name" ><br /> <br /> <input type= "submit"
                                                      value= "Upload" > Press here to upload the file!
</form>
</body>
</html>

这个表单就是我们模拟的上传页面。

3. 编写处理这个表单的Controller:

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import  java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import  java.io.File;
import  java.io.FileOutputStream;
 
import  org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import  org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
@Controller
public  class  FileUploadController {
 
     @RequestMapping (value= "/upload" , method=RequestMethod.GET)
     public  @ResponseBody  String provideUploadInfo() {
         return  "You can upload a file by posting to this same URL." ;
     }
 
     @RequestMapping (value= "/upload" , method=RequestMethod.POST)
     public  @ResponseBody  String handleFileUpload( @RequestParam ( "name" ) String name,
             @RequestParam ( "file" ) MultipartFile file){
         if  (!file.isEmpty()) {
             try  {
                 byte [] bytes = file.getBytes();
                 BufferedOutputStream stream =
                         new  BufferedOutputStream( new  FileOutputStream( new  File(name +  "-uploaded" )));
                 stream.write(bytes);
                 stream.close();
                 return  "You successfully uploaded "  + name +  " into "  + name +  "-uploaded !" ;
             catch  (Exception e) {
                 return  "You failed to upload "  + name +  " => "  + e.getMessage();
             }
         else  {
             return  "You failed to upload "  + name +  " because the file was empty." ;
         }
     }
 
}

4. 然后我们对上传的文件做一些限制,同时编写main方法来启动这个web :

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import  org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import  org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import  org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.MultiPartConfigFactory;
import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import  org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
import  javax.servlet.MultipartConfigElement;
 
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public  class  Application {
 
     @Bean
     public  MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() {
         MultiPartConfigFactory factory =  new  MultiPartConfigFactory();
         factory.setMaxFileSize( "128KB" );
         factory.setMaxRequestSize( "128KB" );
         return  factory.createMultipartConfig();
     }
 
     public  static  void  main(String[] args) {
         SpringApplication.run(Application. class , args);
     }
}

  5. 然后访问http://localhost:8080/upload就可以看到页面了。

 

上面的例子是实现的是单个文件上传的功能,假定我们现在要实现文件批量上传的功能的话,我们只需要简单的修改一下上面的代码就行,考虑到篇幅的问题,下面只是贴出和上面不同的代码,没有贴出的说明和上面一样。:

1.  新增batchUpload.jsp文件

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<html>
<body>
<form method= "POST"  enctype= "multipart/form-data"
       action= "/batch/upload" >
     File to upload: <input type= "file"  name= "file" ><br />
     File to upload: <input type= "file"  name= "file" ><br />
     <input type= "submit"  value= "Upload" > Press here to upload the file!
</form>
</body>
</html>

2. 新增BatchFileUploadController.java文件:

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import  org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import  org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import  org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
 
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import  java.io.File;
import  java.io.FileOutputStream;
import  java.util.List;
 
/**
  * Created by wenchao.ren on 2014/4/26.
  */
 
@Controller
public  class  BatchFileUploadController {
 
     @RequestMapping (value= "/batch/upload" , method= RequestMethod.POST)
     public  @ResponseBody
     String handleFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request){
         List<MultipartFile> files = ((MultipartHttpServletRequest)request).getFiles( "file" );
         for  ( int  i = 0 ; i< files.size(); ++i) {
             MultipartFile file = files.get(i);
             String name = file.getName();
             if  (!file.isEmpty()) {
                 try  {
                     byte [] bytes = file.getBytes();
                     BufferedOutputStream stream =
                             new  BufferedOutputStream( new  FileOutputStream( new  File(name + i)));
                     stream.write(bytes);
                     stream.close();
                 catch  (Exception e) {
                     return  "You failed to upload "  + name +  " => "  + e.getMessage();
                 }
             else  {
                 return  "You failed to upload "  + name +  " because the file was empty." ;
             }
         }
         return  "upload successful" ;
     }
}

  这样一个简单的批量上传文件的功能就ok了,是不是很简单啊。

 

注意:上面的代码只是为了演示而已,所以编码风格上采取了随性的方式,不建议大家模仿。

 

参考资料:

MultipartResolver也可以实现文件上传功能。参考文章:http://mylfd.iteye.com/blog/1893648

出处:https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/39402?spm=5176.100239.blogcont39404.7.XKjAH6

 

也可以参考如下代码

处理文件的表单和普通表单的唯一区别在于设置enctype——multipart编码方式则需要设置enctypemultipart/form-data

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="text" name="title" value="tianmaying">
    <input type="file" name="avatar">
    <input type="submit">
</form>

这里我们还设置了<input type='text'>的默认值为tianmaying

该表单将会显示为一个文本框、一个文件按钮、一个提交按钮。然后我们选择一个文件:chrome.png,点击表单提交后产生的请求可能是这样的:

请求头:

POST http://www.example.com HTTP/1.1
Content-Type:multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryrGKCBY7qhFd3TrwA

控制器逻辑

对于表单中的文本信息输入,我们可以通过@RequestParam注解获取。对于上传的二进制文件(文本文件同样会转化为byte[]进行传输),就需要借助Spring提供的MultipartFile类来获取了:

@Controller
public class FileUploadController {

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    @ResponseBody
    public String handleFileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();

        return "file uploaded successfully."
    }
}

通过MultipartFilegetBytes()方法即可以得到上传的文件内容(<form>中定义了一个type="file"的,在这里我们可以将它保存到本地磁盘。另外,在默认的情况下Spring仅仅支持大小为128KB的文件,为了调整它,我们可以修改Spring的配置文件src/main/resources/application.properties

multipart.maxFileSize: 128KB
multipart.maxRequestSize: 128KB

修改上述数值即可完成配置。

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转载自nethub2.iteye.com/blog/2338173