首先初始化model,建表
class Book(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Meta:
db_table = 'books'
然后用pycharm的数据库模块可视化插入
分页思路
url传递参数http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/?page=5比如这样传递的参数就是5,就显示第五页,
1.get到所有图书对象
2.计算好每一页应该有几个数据
3.根据不同的page值传递
def books(request):
#取从url传递的参数
page_num = request.GET.get('page')
page_num = int(page_num)
start = (page_num-1)*5
end = page_num*5
#总页码数是?
per_page = 5
total = models.Book.objects.all().count()
total,more =divmod(total,per_page)
if more:
total+=1
all_books = models.Book.objects.all()[start:end]
#自己拼接分页的html代码
html_str_list = []
for i in range(1,total):
tmp = '<li><a href="/books/?page={}">{}</li>'.format(i,i)
html_str_list.append(tmp)
page_html = "".join(html_str_list)
return render(request,'books.html',{'books':all_books,'total_page':total,'page_html':page_html})
拿到数据总量的值,每一页的数量为5,如果有余数则total+1也就是增加一个页面.
建立一个列表,去拼接a标签,最后传递给前端
前端
前端的样式用到了boottrap,可以直接看文档.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>书记列表</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<table class="table table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>id</th>
<th>书名</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in books %}
<tr>
<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
<td>{{ book.id }}</td>
<td>{{ book.name }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
<ul class="pagination">
<li>
<a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
<span aria-hidden="true">«</span>
</a>
</li>
{{ page_html|safe }}
<li>
<a href="#" aria-label="Next">
<span aria-hidden="true">»</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</body>
</html>
{{ page_html|safe }}
传递过来的page_html要用safe过滤器,不然无法转移成html.
最终效果
分页优化
设置一个首页一个尾页,以及显示局部的页面
def books(request):
# 取从url传递的参数
page_num = request.GET.get('page')
page_num = int(page_num)
start = (page_num - 1) * 5
end = page_num * 5
# 总页码数是?
per_page = 5
# 页面上总共展示多少页面
max_page = 11
half_max_page = max_page // 2
# 页面上展示的页面从哪开始
page_start = page_num - half_max_page
if page_start <= 1:
page_start = 1
total = models.Book.objects.all().count()
# 页面到哪结束
page_end = page_num+half_max_page
if page_end > total:
page_end = total
page_start = total - max_page
total, more = divmod(total, per_page)
if more:
total += 1
all_books = models.Book.objects.all()[start:end]
# 自己拼接分页的html代码
html_str_list = []
html_str_list.append('<li><a href="/books/?page={}">首页</li>'.format(1,1))
for i in range(page_start, page_end+1):
tmp = '<li><a href="/books/?page={}">{}</li>'.format(i, i)
html_str_list.append(tmp)
html_str_list.append('<li><a href="/books/?page={}">最后一页</li>'.format(total))
page_html = "".join(html_str_list)
return render(request, 'books.html', {'books': all_books, 'total_page': total, 'page_html': page_html})