利用Python爬虫，抓取淘宝MM照片

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/feimengjuan/article/details/51169411

本文参考其他作者的思路来修改的，因为原作者是用Python3.5实现的，原文链接为：http://blog.csdn.net/u011049423/article/details/50781708

而我使用的是Python2.7，于是稍微进行了一些修改，主要体现在cookie的使用上。

spider.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# feimengjuan

import urllib2
import urllib
import re
import tool
import os
import cookielib


#抓取MM
class Spider:

    #页面初始化
    def __init__(self):
        self.siteURL = 'https://mm.taobao.com/json/request_top_list.htm'
        self.tool = tool.Tool()

    #获取索引页面的内容
    def getPage(self,pageIndex):
        url = self.siteURL + "?page=" + str(pageIndex)
        request = urllib2.Request(url)
        response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        return response.read().decode('gbk')

    #获取索引界面所有MM的信息，list格式
    def getContents(self,pageIndex):
        page = self.getPage(pageIndex)
        pattern = re.compile('<div class="list-item".*?pic-word.*?<a href="(.*?)".*?<img src="(.*?)".*?<a class="lady-name.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?<strong>(.*?)</strong>.*?<span>(.*?)</span>',re.S)
        items = re.findall(pattern,page)
        contents = []
        for item in items:
            contents.append([item[0],item[1],item[2],item[3],item[4]])
        return contents

    #获取MM个人详情页面
    def getDetailPage(self,infoURL):
        def makeMyOpener(head = {
            'accept-encoding':'deflate, sdch',
            'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8',
            #此处填写浏览器发送的cookie数据，开发者模式可捕获
            #'cookie':'',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.112 Safari/537.36'
        }):
            cookie = cookielib.CookieJar()
            opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie))
            header = []
            for key, value in head.items():
                elem = (key, value)
                header.append(elem)
            opener.addheaders = header
            return opener

        oper = makeMyOpener()
        uop = oper.open(infoURL)
        data = uop.read().decode('gbk')
        return data
        # response = urllib.request.urlopen(infoURL)
        # return response.read().decode('gbk')

    #获取个人文字简介
    def getBrief(self,page):
        pattern = re.compile('<div class="mm-aixiu-content".*?>(.*?)<!--',re.S)
        result = re.search(pattern,page)
        #print(result.group())
        return self.tool.replace(result.group(1))

    #获取页面所有图片
    def getAllImg(self,page):
        #print page
        pattern = re.compile('<div class="mm-aixiu-content".*?>(.*?)<!--',re.S)
        #个人信息页面所有代码
        content = re.search(pattern,page)
        #利用正则表达式从代码中提取图片
        patternImg = re.compile('<img.*?src="(.*?)"',re.S)
        images = re.findall(patternImg,content.group(1))
        #images = patternImg.findall(page)
        return images

    #保存多张写真图片
    def saveImgs(self,images,name):
        number = 1
        print u"发现",name,u"共有",len(images),u"张照片"
        for imageURL in images:
            splitPath = imageURL.split('.')
            splitPath=splitPath
            fTail = splitPath.pop()
            if len(fTail) > 3:
                fTail = "jpg"
            fileName = name + "/" + str(number) + "." + fTail
            imageURL='https:'+imageURL
            self.saveImg(imageURL,fileName)
            number += 1

    # 保存头像
    def saveIcon(self,iconURL,name):
        splitPath = iconURL.split('.')
        fTail = splitPath.pop()
        fileName = name + "/icon." + fTail
        self.saveImg(iconURL,fileName)

    #保存个人简介
    def saveBrief(self,content,name):
        fileName = name + "/" + name + ".txt"
        f = open(fileName,"wb+")
        print (u"正在保存信息为",fileName)
        f.write(content.decode('utf-8'))

    #保存图片地址页到各文件夹中
    def saveToLocal(self,Li,name):
        fileName = name + "/" +"urlPage.txt"
        print (u"正在保存图片地址页：",fileName)
        #f.write(content.decode('utf-8'))
        # pre=pre.replace("[","")
        # pre=pre.replace("]","")+"\n"
        #print (pre)
        f = open(fileName,"w")
        f.write(Li)
        f.close()

        #追加方式写入当前爬行的名字，后续调用
        content=name+" "
        with open('url.txt', 'a') as url:
            url.write(content)
            url.close()
        print (name+u"追加完成！\n")

    #传入图片地址，文件名，保存单张图片
    def saveImg(self,imageURL,fileName):
        try:
            u = urllib2.urlopen(imageURL)
            data = u.read()
            print fileName
            f = open(fileName, 'wb+')
            f.write(data)
            print (u"正在保存的一张图片为",fileName)
            f.close()
        except urllib.URLError as e:
             print (e.reason)


    #保存多张图片
    def saveImgs(self,images,name):
        number = 1
        for imageURL in images:

            splitPath = imageURL.split('.')
            fTail = splitPath.pop()
            if len(fTail) > 3:
                fTail = 'jpg'
            fileName = name + "/" + str(number) + "." + fTail
            imageURL = 'https:' + imageURL
            print imageURL
            self.saveImg(imageURL,fileName)
            number += 1

    #创建新目录
    def mkdir(self,path):
        path = path.strip()
        # 判断路径是否存在
        # 存在     True
        # 不存在   False
        isExists=os.path.exists(path)
        # 判断结果
        if not isExists:
            # 如果不存在则创建目录
            print (u"新建了名字叫做",path,u'的文件夹')
            # 创建目录操作函数
            os.makedirs(path)
            return True
        else:
            # 如果目录存在则不创建，并提示目录已存在
            print (u"名为",path,'的文件夹已经创建成功')
            return False


    #将一页淘宝MM的信息保存起来
    def savePageInfo(self,pageIndex):
        #获取第一页淘宝MM列表
        contents = self.getContents(pageIndex)
        for item in contents:
            #item[0]个人详情URL,item[1]头像URL,item[2]姓名,item[3]年龄,item[4]居住地
            print u"发现一位名字叫",item[2],u"年龄",item[3],u",她在",item[4]
            print u"正在保存",item[2],"的信息"

            print u"个人详情地址是","https:"+str(item[0])
            #个人详情页面的URL
            detailURL = "http:"+str(item[0])

            #得到个人详情页面代码
            detailPage = self.getDetailPage(detailURL)
            #获取个人简介
            brief = self.getBrief(detailPage)
            #获取所有图片列表
            images = self.getAllImg(detailPage)
            self.mkdir(item[2])
            #保存个人简介
            #self.saveBrief(brief.encode('utf-8'),item[2])
            #保存图片地址页到本地
            #self.saveToLocal(detailPage,item[2])
            self.saveImgs(images,item[2])
            #保存头像
            print item[1]
            self.saveIcon("https:"+str(item[1]),item[2])

    #删除旧名单(如果有)
    def deleteOldTxt(self):
        filename = 'url.txt'
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            os.remove(filename)
            print("\n发现旧名单，已删除\n采集开始\n")

    #传入起止页码，获取MM页面保存
    def savePagesInfo(self,start,end):
        for i in range(start,end+1):
            print (u"正在寻找第",i,u"个地方")
            self.savePageInfo(i)
            #保存图片
            #self.saveImgs(images,item[2])

    #读取名字list
    def openNameList(self):
        with open("url.txt","r") as f:
            for line in f:
                line=line.strip()
                # line.split(",")
                # result.append(line)
                #result.append(line.split(","))
            #\s匹配空格与tab，\s+表示至少一个
            result=re.split(r'\s+',line)
        return result

    #逐个调取文件夹下页面中地址来保存
    def saveAll(self):
        i=spider.openNameList()
        for name in i:
            print ("当前正在保存的是"+name+"的图片")
            filepath=name+"/urlPage.txt"
            with open(filepath,"r") as urlContent:
                urlContent=urlContent.read()
            images=spider.getAllImg(urlContent)
           # spider.saveImgs(images,name)


#传入起止页码即可，在此传入了6,10,表示抓取第6到10页的MM
spider = Spider()
spider.deleteOldTxt()
spider.savePagesInfo(1,1)
print("\n第一步保存信息完成，输入y保存所有图片，其他信息退出：")
#a=input()
#if a=='y':
spider.saveAll()
#else:
 #   pass

tool.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import re

#处理页面标签类
class Tool:
    #去除img标签,1-7位空格,
    removeImg = re.compile(r'<img.*?>| {1,7}| ')
    #删除超链接标签
    removeAddr = re.compile(r'<a.*?>|</a>')
    #把换行的标签换为\n
    replaceLine = re.compile(r'<tr>|<div>|</div>|</p>')
    #将表格制表<td>替换为\t
    replaceTD= re.compile(r'<td>')
    #将换行符或双换行符替换为\n
    replaceBR = re.compile(r'<br><br>|<br>')
    #将其余标签剔除r
    removeExtraTag = re.compile(r'<.*?>')
    #将多行空行删除
    removeNoneLine = re.compile(r'\n+')
    #删除
    removeSpace=re.compile(r' ')
    def replace(self,x):
        x = re.sub(self.removeImg,"",x)
        x = re.sub(self.removeAddr,"",x)
        x = re.sub(self.replaceLine,"\n",x)
        x = re.sub(self.replaceTD,"\t",x)
        x = re.sub(self.replaceBR,"\n",x)
        x = re.sub(self.removeExtraTag,"",x)
        x = re.sub(self.removeNoneLine,"\n",x)
        x = re.sub(self.removeSpace,"",x)
        #strip()将前后多余内容删除
        return x.strip()