1. 安装nginx
添加CentOS 7 Nginx yum资源库
sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm # 安装nignx
sudo yum install -y nginx
Nginx将完成安装在你的CentOS 7 服务器中。
附：nginx 官方给不同系统准备了很多包，可到这个地址依次查找 http://nginx.org/packages/
2. 添加用户并授予管理员权限
# 新增用户
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# useradd zhangyafei # 设置密码
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# passwd zhangyafei Changing password for user zhangyafei. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password contains the user name in some form Retype new password: Sorry, passwords do not match. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password contains the user name in some form Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. # 切换用户
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# su zhangyafei # 查找指定文件路径
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ whereis sudoers sudoers: /etc/sudoers /etc/sudoers.d /usr/libexec/sudoers.so /usr/share/man/man5/sudoers.5.gz # 查看指定文件修改权限
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ ls -l /etc/sudoers -r--r----- 1 root root 3907 Jun 23 2017 /etc/sudoers # 增加指定文件写的权限
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ chmod -v u+w /etc/sudoers chmod: changing permissions of ‘/etc/sudoers’: Operation not permitted failed to change mode of ‘/etc/sudoers’ from 0440 (r--r-----) to 0640 (rw-r-----) [zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ su root Password: [root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# chmod -v u+w /etc/sudoers mode of ‘/etc/sudoers’ changed from 0440 (r--r-----) to 0640 (rw-r-----) [root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# vi /etc/sudoers
3.修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname centos77.magedu.com
hostname
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# vim /etc/hosts [root@centos ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 VM_0_3_centos VM_0_3_centos centos 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 127.0.0.1 localhost4.localdomain4 localhost4 ::1 VM_0_3_centos VM_0_3_centos centos ::1 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
4. 安装mysql
CentOS7默认安装mariadb数据库:yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64
下载Mysql源:
wget https://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
安装源
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
安装MySQL
yum install mysql-community-server
启动
sudo service mysqld start
报错
首次在centos下安装mysql，客户端连接mysql时报错： [root@localhost opt]# mysql -u root ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
解决
[root@centos bin]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password 2019-02-23T13:20:38.188663Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 6kq9r3fS=pLB 2019-02-23T13:22:36.565007Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:23:06.290669Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'localhost'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:23:55.824104Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:24:17.247383Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password' 2019-02-23T13:24:19.142034Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password' 2019-02-23T13:24:19.142037Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password' 2019-02-23T13:24:26.907100Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:25:25.294091Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:25:39.918727Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root-p'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:29:07.486422Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password' 2019-02-23T13:29:09.214411Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password' 2019-02-23T13:29:09.214414Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password' 2019-02-23T13:29:18.308960Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2019-02-23T13:30:51.366573Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password' 2019-02-23T13:30:52.507640Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password' 2019-02-23T13:30:52.507643Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password' [root@centos bin]# service mysqld start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service [root@centos bin]# mysql -u root-p ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root-p'@'localhost' (using password: NO) [root@centos bin]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.25 Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
设置密码
SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('Mysqlpassw0rd.');
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Mysqlpassw0rd.';
注意：mysql的密码有规则限制，所以不能太简单
5. 安装git
sudo yum install git
6.安装python3
备份python2.7
cd /usr/bin mv python python.bak
下载安装python3
1. yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel mysql-devel gcc gcc-devel python-devel
2. mkdir /usr/local/python3
cd /usr/local/python3
3. wget "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz"
4. tar -zxvf Python-3.6.5.tgz
5. Python-3.6.5/configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
6. cd Python-3.6.5
7. make
8. make install
9. ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
10. ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
软链接创建完毕之后。再说个事情，就是centos的yum命令是需要python支持的，我们贸然把当期的版本更换了，万一yum出错怎么办，还是让yum依然用原来的2.7版本吧。好吧我们帮它改一下吧：
注意：下面这个操作用vi操作，不熟悉vi的同学一定要按照我的指示来，不然你一脸懵逼连修改后的文件怎么保存退出都不知道。
首先输入命令，然后回车：
[root@localhost bin]# vi /usr/bin/yum
接下来出现一个全新的界面。此时任何按键都不要动。听我指示。
首先，切换到英文输入法，再输入字符 i 是aeiou的i
然后就可以开始编辑这个文件了。
把文件开头第一行的
#!/usr/bin/python改成#!/usr/bin/python2.7 这样就可以了。
设置python和pip为python3
alias python='python3' alias pip='pip3'
7.安装virtualenv
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3 pip install virtualenv ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/bin/virtualenv virutalenv -p /usr/bin/python3
8.pip3使用豆瓣源
vi ~/.pip/pip.conf 内容 [global] timeout = 60 index-url = https://pypi.douban.com/simple 如果使用http链接，则需要trusted-host参数 [global] timeout = 60 index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple trusted-host = pypi.douban.com