Redhat上离线/非root安装python库

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问题概述

需要在公司的服务器上安装python的pandas库，但是没有root权限，公司的服务器也无法访问外网（也是权限问题）。服务器上只有redhat自带的python2.6版本。

主要思路

VM创建一个与目标一样系统版本的虚拟机，使用同样版本的python，build相应的python包，然后复制到目标服务器上的用户文件里面，更新PYTHONPATH，使其可以被访问。
如果无法使用，则上传source压缩文件到目标服务器， 使用setup.py 安装（可能需要安装setuotools）。

Notes

Use external python package

• Copy single .py file

copy mydemo.py $python_dir/lib

• export PYTHONPATH

export PYTHONPATH="/home/lestat/Downloads/local/mypy/lib/python2.6/site-packages:${PYTHONPATH}"
export PYTHONPATH="/home/lestat/Downloads/local/mypy/lib64/python2.6/site-packages:${PYTHONPATH}"

• Append to sys.path

>>>import sys
>>>sys.path.append("/home/lestat/Downloads/mypy/lib/python2.6/site-packages/six-1.11.0-py2.6.egg")

RPM package

$ rpm --initdb --root /home/lestat/local --dbpath /home/lestat/local/lib/rpm
rpm --root /home/username/local --dbpath /home/username/local/lib/rpm \
--relocate /usr=/home/username/local --nodeps -ivh package.rpm

error : Unable to change root directory: Operation not permitted

Using rpm2cpio (Recommended)

$ wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-six-1.9.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm

Extract RPM file using rpm2cpio and cpio command

$rpm2cpio python-six-1.9.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm|cpio -idv

-i |Restore archive
-d |Create leading directories where need
-m|Retain previous file modification times when creating file
-v |Verbose i.e. display progress

Test python package using export PYTHONPATH

$ export PYTHONPATH="/home/lestat/Downloads/Packages/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages:${PYTHONPATH}";
$ export PYTHONPATH="/home/lestat/Downloads/Packages/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages:${PYTHONPATH}"
$ python

>>>import six
>>>six.__path__

Build rpm pacakge from source

python setup.py bdist format=rpm
error -ba : unknow option

solution: yum install rpm-build

Linux release

bash-4.1$ cat /etc/redhat-release
bash-4.1$ Red Hat Entreprise Linux Server release 6.9 (Santiago)

Python release version

bash-4.1$ rpm -q python
bash-4.1$ python-2.6.6-66.e16_8.x86_64

Install gcc

bash-4.1$ gcc version 4.4.7 (Red Hat 4.4.7) (GCC)

Install python-devel

• python-devel-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64.rpm

Install setuptools

bash-4.1$ wget http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py

In our case, use below version:

setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg

Install Numpy

• numpy-1.6.1

Pandas

• pandas-0.8.0

pandas-0.8.0$ python setup.py build_ext --inplace --force
pandas-0.8.0$ python setup.py install --prefix=/home/username/local/

Install Dependencies

1. python-dateutil
   • dateutil-1.4.1
2. pytz
   • pytz-2010h-py2.6
3. numexpr
   • python-numexpr-1.4.1-3.puias6.x86_64.rpm
4. bottleneck
   • Bottleneck-0.8.0
5. six
   • six-1.11.0