| \n | 换行 |
| \t | 制表符 |
| \ | 转义 |
| \\ | \ |
the '%' operator is used to format a set of variables enclosed in a "tuple" ( a fixed size list)
| %s | string |
| %d | integers |
| %f | floating point numbers |
| %.<number of digits>f | floating point numbers with a fixed amount of digits to the right of the dot |
| %x or %X | Integers in hex representation|