用递归方法建立二叉树

               

        假设二叉树为:

                                        a

                              b                 c

                                   d                 e

       

         因为程序中要知道叶子结点(终点),所以要将上面的二叉树变成扩展二叉树 (把叶子结点的孩子补成#, 用作标记),  扩展后就变成了:         

                                       a

                            b                    c

                       #        d          #       e

                              #    #             #    #

          那么,在输入的时候,需要输入: ab#d##c#e##      (注意,输入后,按enter键即可)   ,程序如下:

#include<iostream>using namespace std;typedef struct node{ struct node *leftChild; struct node *rightChild; char data;}BiTreeNode, *BiTree;void createBiTree(BiTree &T)char c; cin >> c; if('#' == c)  T = NULLelse {  T = new BiTreeNode;  T->data = c;  createBiTree(T->leftChild);  createBiTree(T->rightChild); }}int main(){ BiTree T; createBiTree(T); return 0;}

          经遍历验证可知,上面的程序是正确的, 至于如何遍历,以后的博文会陆续给出相应的程序.


          后来, 有网友希望我能给出打印树的结果, 那我就给出来:

#include<iostream>using namespace std;typedef struct node{ struct node *leftChild; struct node *rightChild; char data;}BiTreeNode, *BiTree;void createBiTree(BiTree &T)char c; cin >> c; if('#' == c)  T = NULLelse {  T = new BiTreeNode;  T->data = c;  createBiTree(T->leftChild);  createBiTree(T->rightChild); }}// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------int max(int a, int b )return a < b ? b : a;}// 用递归方法求树的高度int Depth(BiTree T)if (NULL == T)  return 0;  int leftDepth = Depth(T->leftChild); int rightDepth = Depth(T->rightChild); return 1+ max(leftDepth, rightDepth);}void PrintNodeAtLevel(BiTree T,int level)// 空树或层级不合理 if (NULL == T || level < 1 )     returnif (1 == level) {  cout << T->data << "  ";  return; } // 左子树的 level - 1 级 PrintNodeAtLevel(T->leftChild,  level - 1); // 右子树的 level - 1 级 PrintNodeAtLevel(T->rightChild, level - 1);}void LevelTraverse(BiTree T)if (NULL == T)  returnint depth = Depth(T); int i; for (i = 1; i <= depth; i++) {  PrintNodeAtLevel(T, i);  cout << endl; }}// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------int main(){ BiTree T; createBiTree(T);  cout << "层次遍历:" << endl; LevelTraverse(T); cout << endlreturn 0;}
       结果为:

ab#d##C#e##
层次遍历:
a
b  c
d  e

           

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