PAT (Advanced Level) Practice — 1054 The Dominant Color （20 分）

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题目链接：https://pintia.cn/problem-sets/994805342720868352/problems/994805422639136768

Behind the scenes in the computer's memory, color is always talked about as a series of 24 bits of information for each pixel. In an image, the color with the largest proportional area is called the dominant color. A strictly dominant color takes more than half of the total area. Now given an image of resolution M by N (for example, 800×600), you are supposed to point out the strictly dominant color.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains 2 positive numbers: M (≤800) and N (≤600) which are the resolutions of the image. Then N lines follow, each contains M digital colors in the range [0,2​24​​). It is guaranteed that the strictly dominant color exists for each input image. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.

Output Specification:

For each test case, simply print the dominant color in a line.

Sample Input:

5 3
0 0 255 16777215 24
24 24 0 0 24
24 0 24 24 24

Sample Output:

24

：题意  找到n行m列中的严格主导数字（“严格主导”：超过总数的一半）

将比较大的数组定义在main()外部

数组定义在函数中时，占用的内存来自栈空间，局部变量是在栈上分配内存空间的，栈空间是在进程创建时初始化的，有固定的大小，一般为几十KB，所以太大的数组会耗光栈空间，会造成栈溢出。 全局变量一般分配在数据段，全局变量在静态存储区分配内存，可以比较大。

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int a[100000001];
int main(){
	int n,m,x;	
	bool f=0;
	scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
	for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
			scanf("%d",&x);
			a[x]++;
			if(a[x]>m*n/2){
				printf("%d\n",x);
				f=1;
				break;
			}
		}
		if(f==1){
			break;
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}