新概念二册 Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?英国人讲的是英语吗? (并列句)

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1 课文

Why does the writer not understand the porter?

I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark.

我终于到了伦敦。火车站很大,又黑又暗
  【1 arrive in 强调到达…里面; 2 at last 最后, in the end,finally,eventually 3 black 表示颜色的黑,dark表示颜色的暗】

I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.

我不知道去旅馆的路该怎么走,于是向一个搬运工打听。我的英语讲得不但非常认真,而且咬字也非常清楚
  【not only…but … as well 并列连词,不仅而且。I not only spoke English very carefully, but I spoke very clearly as well. 后面省略了 I spoke

The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood.

然而搬运工 却不明白我的话。我把问话重复了很多遍。他终于听懂了
  【and 并列连词 并列句】

he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. ‘I am a foreigner,’ I said.

他回答了,但他讲得既不慢也不清楚。“我是个外国人,”我说
  【1 but并列连词,转折连词;2 neither…nor…既不…也不…】

Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that!

于是他说得慢了,可我还是听不懂。我 的老师从来不那样讲英语!
  【1 but 转折连词;2 like 做介词表示像…一样,因为已经有谓语动词 spoke,所以like 作为介词】

The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it.

我和搬运工相视一笑。接着,他说了点什么,这回我听懂了
  【and 顺接连词】

‘You’ll soon learn English!’ he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language.

“您会很快学会英语的!”他说。我感到奇怪。在英国,人们各自说着一种 不同的语言

The English understand each other, but I don’t understand them! Do they speak English?

英国人之间相互听得懂,可我却不懂他们的话!他们说的是英语吗?
  【1 but 转折连接词;2 因为他们有英语方言,所以他听不懂】

2 单词

2.1 railway [ˈreɪlweɪ] n. 铁路

railway/train station 火车站
subway station 地铁站

2.2 porter [ˈpɔ:tə®] n. 搬运工

2.3 several [ˈsevrəl] quantifier(限定词) 几个

限定词,通常和可数名词复数
several times 几个
several people 几个人
many 是大量,许多

2.4 foreigner [ˈfɒrənə®] n. 外国人

foreign adj. 外国的,外国人的
a foreign language 一门外语
TOEFL = Test Of English as a Foreign Language

2.5 wonder ['wʌndə] v. 感到奇怪

wonder :意思1 feel surprised
wonder :意思2 want to know

n.wonder 奇迹和气罐

3 语法

3.1 句子的分类(按照结构划分)

3.1.1 简单句

简单句:最简单的句子,描述一件事的句子。至少需要一个主语一个谓语。(n. + v.)

3.1.2 并列句

英语中两个句子连接中逗号不是必须的,两个句子的连接中的连接词是必须的。两个句子连接在一块必须在形式上体现出来,他们能够合并。必须要把两件事,通过一个连接词,来表达两个句子的关系。

1 并列句和复合句:把多个简单句连接一块。
2 并列句和复合句:必须通过连接词把多个简单句连接在一块。(英文是一个形式上的语言)

1 并列句:多个简单句,多件事情,他们一样重要的时候,他们连接在一块,就构成了并列句。(判断简单句是否一样重要,主要看自己想表达)
在这里插入图片描述
2 并列连词(but/and/or常用并列连词)
but:事情转折
It is summer,but it is very cold.

and : 表示事情顺理成章的接下去
not only …but … as well(不仅…而且…) 【也是并列连词】
not only…but also…(不仅…而且…)【也是并列连词】
not only …but(不仅…而且…)【也是并列连词】

or :表示选择的关系
either…or…(或者…或者…二选一)【也是并列连词】
neither…nor…(既不…也不…)【也是并列连词】

I ran to the station. I missed the bus.(转折关系)
I ran to the station but I missed the bus.(主语I重复,省略I,因为I资源共享)
I ran to the station but missed the bus.

3 并列句独有特点:相同的可以省略,余下的保持不变。因为并列句,是同样重要的事情,处于同一个级别,所以可以共享资源。

They walked into the room.They sat down.
They walked into the room and the sat down.(共享资源主要they,省略they)
They walked inthe the room and sat down.

She is very beautiful.She is very smart.
She is very beautiful and very smart.(她非常的漂亮和聪明,very smart 也可以省略very 只保留smart,但是very smart 是一个词组,所以保留very)
she is not only very beautiful but very smart as well(她不仅漂亮,而且聪明)

3.1.3 复合句

4 课文讲解

1 at last,终于。

2 the way to my hotel,去(我住的那家)饭店的路。

3 not only…but…as well,不但…而且……,与not only…but also是同样意思,所连接的前后两部分的成分必须一致。

4 neither…no…,既不……又不……这个结构所连接的两个否定概念也必须是对等的成分。

5 like that,像那样·介词短语作状语,修饰动词spoke。

6 the English,英国人。与定冠词连用,表示一个群体,所跟的动词用复数。

7 arrive in 强调到达什么的里面。
arrive in London.

arrive at the airport. 可以把 airport当做一个整体点看。到达机场

arrive on the scene. 强调达到.....上面。

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