线程的其他方法:
Threading.current_thread() #当前线程对象
GetName() 获取线程名
Ident 获取线程id
Threading.Enumerate() #当前正在运行的线程对象的一个列表
Threading.active_count() #当前正在运行的线程数量
1 import time 2 import threading 3 from threading import Thread,current_thread 4 def fn(n): 5 time.sleep(1) 6 print('子线程名称:',current_thread().getName()) 7 print('%s线程任务'%n) 8 def f2(n): 9 time.sleep(1) 10 print('子线程名称:',current_thread().getName()) 11 print('%s线程任务'%n) 12 if __name__ == '__main__': 13 t1 = Thread(target=fn,args=(1,)) 14 t2 = Thread(target=f2,args=(2,)) 15 t1.start() 16 t2.start() 17 print('主线程名称:',current_thread().getName()) 18 print('主线程ID:',current_thread().ident) 19 print(current_thread()) 20 print(threading.enumerate()) 21 print(threading.active_count())
线程队列:
种类:
Import queue
先进先出队列:queue.Queue(3)
先进后出\后进先出队列:queue.LifoQueue(3)
优先级队列:queue.priorityQueue(3) Put的数据是一个元组,元组的第一个参数是优先级数字,数字越小优先级越高,
越先被get到被取出来,第二个参数是put进去的值,如果说优先级相同,那么值别忘了
应该是相同的数据类型,字典不行
方法:
q.put() 进
q.put_nowait()不阻塞的进,超出队列长度会报错 Exception
q.qsize() 查看当前队列长度
q.full() 查看当前队列是否满了,返回True或返回False
q.get() 取
q.get_nowait() 不阻塞的取,超出队列长度会报错 Exception
q.empty() 查看当前队列是否空了,返回True或返回False
1 import queue 2 q = queue.Queue(4) 3 q.put(1) 4 q.put(2) 5 q.put(3) 6 print(q.qsize()) 7 q.put(4) 8 print(q.full()) 9 try: 10 q.put_nowait(1) 11 except Exception: 12 print('队列满了') 13 print(q.get()) 14 print(q.get()) 15 print(q.get()) 16 print(q.get()) 17 print(q.empty()) 18 try: 19 q.get_nowait() 20 except Exception: 21 print('队列空了') 22 23 import queue 24 q = queue.LifoQueue(4) 25 q.put(1) 26 q.put(2) 27 q.put(3) 28 q.put(4) 29 print(q.get()) 30 print(q.get()) 31 print(q.get()) 32 print(q.get()) 33 34 import queue 35 q = queue.PriorityQueue(3) 36 q.put((3,'123')) 37 q.put((5,[1,2,3])) 38 q.put((8,(1,2,3,))) 39 print(q.get()) 40 print(q.get()) 41 print(q.get())
线程池:
submit #异步提交任务
result #和get方法一样,如果没有结果,会等待,阻塞程序
shutdown #主线程等待所有提交给线程池的任务,全部执行完毕 close + join
1 import time 2 from threading import current_thread 3 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor,ProcessPoolExecutor 4 def ft(a,b): 5 time.sleep(1) 6 print('%s号子线程'%current_thread().ident) 7 return a,b 8 def fp(c,d): 9 time.sleep(1) 10 print('%s号子进程'%current_thread().ident) 11 return c,d 12 if __name__ == '__main__': 13 t = ThreadPoolExecutor(4) 14 p = ProcessPoolExecutor(4) 15 res_list = [] 16 for i in range(10): 17 res = t.submit(ft,i,'why') 18 res_list.append(res) 19 print([r.result() for r in res_list]) 20 21 ret_list = [] 22 for el in range(10): 23 ret = p.submit(fp,el,'www') 24 ret_list.append(ret) 25 print([p.result() for p in ret_list]) 26 t.shutdown() #主线程等待所有提交给线程池的任务,全部执行完毕 close + join 27 p.shutdown() #主线程等待所有提交给线程池的任务,全部执行完毕 close + join 28 print('主线程结束') 29 print('主进程结束')
线程池回调函数: from conncurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor,ProcessPoolExecutor
1 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor,ProcessPoolExecutor 2 def f1(n,s): 3 return n + s 4 def f2(n): 5 print('回调函数>>>',n.result()) 6 if __name__ == '__main__': 7 t = ThreadPoolExecutor(4) #这里可以更改为ProcessPoolExecutor使用 8 res = t.submit(f1,11,12).add_done_callback(f2) #将f1中的值回调给f2
多线程实现socket
1 #服务端 2 import threading 3 import socket 4 server=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) 5 server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) 6 server.listen(5) 7 def action(conn): 8 while True: 9 data=conn.recv(1024) 10 print(data.decode('utf-8')) 11 msg = input('服务端输入:') #在多线程里面可以使用input输入内容，那么就可以实现客户端和服务端的聊天了，多进程不能输入 12 conn.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) 13 14 if __name__ == '__main__': 15 16 while True: 17 conn,addr=server.accept() 18 p=threading.Thread(target=action,args=(conn,)) 19 p.start()
1 #客户端 2 import socket 3 client=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) 4 client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8080)) 5 while True: 6 msg=input('>>: ').strip() 7 if not msg:continue 8 9 client.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) 10 data=client.recv(1024) 11 print(data.decode('utf-8'))