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os: centos 7.4
db: oracle 18c(18.3)
oracle 从18c开始，以年份最后两位来命名产品。估计是嫌弃数字增长太慢，让消费者体会到遥遥领先的霸主地位。
os 设置
创建用户组及用户
# groupadd -g 10000 oinstall
groupadd -g 10001 dba
groupadd -g 10002 oper
groupadd -g 10003 asmadmin
groupadd -g 10004 asmdba
groupadd -g 10005 asmoper
groupadd -g 10006 backupdba
groupadd -g 10007 dgdba
groupadd -g 10008 kmdba
groupadd -g 10009 racdba
# useradd -u 10000 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
# passwd oracle
关闭防火墙
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
# iptables -F
关闭selinux
# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=DISABLED
或者
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=DISABLED
因为 /etc/sysconfig/selinux 是软链到 /etc/selinux/config
# ls -l /etc/selinux/config
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 546 Nov 5 09:31 /etc/selinux/config
# ls -l /etc/sysconfig/selinux
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Sep 29 14:37 /etc/sysconfig/selinux -> ../selinux/config
设置资源限制
# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 655360
oracle hard nofile 655360
oracle soft nproc 655360
oracle hard nproc 655360
oracle soft stack unlimited
oracle hard stack unlimited
oracle soft memlock unlimited
oracle hard memlock unlimited
设置内核参数
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
#kernel.shmall = 18446744073692774399
#kernel.shmmax = 18446744073692774399
kernel.shmmni = 4096
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
立即生效
# sysctl -p
安装必要的依赖包
# yum install zip unzip gcc gcc-c++ make sysstat binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-libcap1 \
elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc*.i686 \
libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 \
libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 libXext libXext.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 \
xclock libX11 libX11.i686 libXau libXau.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 \
unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686 readline libtermcap-devel \
pdksh net-tools nfs-utils smartmontools libXp
创建目录
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
# chmod -R 775 /u01/
oracle用户环境变量
# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.3.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
#export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
#export ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
下载 18.3
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html
Oracle Database 18c (18.3)
Download Microsoft Windows x64 (64-bit) ZIP (4.4 GB) See All
Download Linux x86-64 ZIP (4.3 GB) | RPM (3.3 GB) See All
Download Oracle Solaris (SPARC systems, 64-bit) ZIP (4.1 GB) See All
Download Oracle Solaris (x86 systems, 64-bit) ZIP (3.7 GB) See All
点击 Download Linux x86-64 的 See ALL，会调到下面页面。
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/oracle18c-linux-180000-5022980.html
点击下载 LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip
Oracle Database 18c (18.3) for Linux x86-64
Download LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip (4,564,649,047 bytes)
Oracle Database 18c Grid Infrastructure (18.3) for Linux x86-64
Download LINUX.X64_180000_grid_home.zip (5,382,265,496 bytes)
不得不说，oracle 的软件安装包大到无语。
安装 18.3
和12c一样，直接解压 LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip 到 $ORACLE_HOME,再runinstaller安装
# xhost +
# su - oracle
$ export DISPLAY=:0.0
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
$ unzip LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip
$ ./runinstaller
然后下一步，下一步。最后以root运行两个脚本后 software 就算安装完了。
记得安装TFA。
创建数据库
$ dbca
这个没什么好说的，创建成一个 container database
验证 18.3
oracle 用户的进程
$ ps -ef|grep -i oracle |grep -v grep |grep -v "ps -fu oracle"
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
oracle 13104 13103 0 16:10 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash
root 13722 1 0 16:15 ? 00:00:17 /u01/app/oracle/tfa/18c3node1/tfa_home/jre/bin/java -server -Xms32m -Xmx64m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Ddisable.checkForUpdate=true oracle.rat.tfa.TFAMain /u01/app/oracle/tfa/18c3node1/tfa_home
oracle 16064 1 0 16:30 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle 17331 1 0 16:36 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh ./OSWatcher.sh 30 48 NONE /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/suptools/18c3node1/oswbb/oracle/archive
oracle 17577 17331 0 16:36 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh ./OSWatcherFM.sh 48 /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/suptools/18c3node1/oswbb/oracle/archive
oracle 22211 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl
oracle 22213 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_clmn_orcl
oracle 22215 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle 22217 1 1 16:49 ? 00:00:04 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle 22221 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle 22223 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle 22227 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen1_orcl
oracle 22230 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle 22232 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_ofsd_orcl
oracle 22235 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle 22237 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_vkrm_orcl
oracle 22239 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_svcb_orcl
oracle 22241 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_pman_orcl
oracle 22243 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle 22245 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle 22247 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle 22249 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl
oracle 22251 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle 22253 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_smco_orcl
oracle 22255 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle 22257 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_w000_orcl
oracle 22259 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_lreg_orcl
oracle 22261 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_w001_orcl
oracle 22263 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_pxmn_orcl
oracle 22267 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:01 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle 22269 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle 22271 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle 22273 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle 22275 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_tmon_orcl
oracle 22278 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_m000_orcl
oracle 22280 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_m001_orcl
oracle 22285 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_arc0_orcl
oracle 22287 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_tt00_orcl
oracle 22289 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_tt01_orcl
oracle 22291 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_arc1_orcl
oracle 22293 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_arc2_orcl
oracle 22295 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_arc3_orcl
oracle 22297 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_tt02_orcl
oracle 22299 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_aqpc_orcl
oracle 22301 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_w002_orcl
oracle 22305 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_p000_orcl
oracle 22307 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_p001_orcl
oracle 22309 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:01 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle 22365 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_w003_orcl
oracle 22520 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_w004_orcl
oracle 22549 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_qm02_orcl
oracle 22553 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_q002_orcl
oracle 22555 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_q003_orcl
oracle 22590 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:02 ora_m002_orcl
oracle 22592 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_m003_orcl
oracle 22666 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_q004_orcl
oracle 22745 1 0 16:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_q005_orcl
oracle 23775 17577 0 16:53 ? 00:00:00 sleep 60
oracle 23856 1 0 16:53 ? 00:00:00 ora_qm03_orcl
oracle 23913 17331 0 16:54 ? 00:00:00 sleep 30
$sqlplus / as sysdba;
SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Nov 22 17:02:12 2018
Version 18.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_FULL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_LEGACY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CON_ID
----------
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
0
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_FULL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_LEGACY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CON_ID
----------
参考：
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/oracle18c-linux-180000-5022980.html
https://docs.oracle.com
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/index.html