[Leetcode146]LRU缓存机制

运用你所掌握的数据结构,设计和实现一个 LRU (最近最少使用) 缓存机制。它应该支持以下操作: 获取数据 get 和 写入数据 put 。获取数据 get(key) - 如果密钥 (key) 存在于缓存中,则获取密钥的值(总是正数),否则返回 -1。 写入数据 put(key, value) - 如果密钥不存在,则写入其数据值。当缓存容量达到上限时,它应该在写入新数据之前删除最近最少使用的数据值,从而为新的数据值留出空间。

python,我用了两个列表分别表示key和value。

python:

class LRUCache(object):

    def __init__(self, capacity):
        """
        :type capacity: int
        """
        self.ind = []
        self.val= []
        self.n = capacity

    def get(self, key):
        """
        :type key: int
        :rtype: int
        """
        if key not in self.ind:
            return -1
        index = self.ind.index(key)
        value = self.val[index]
        self.ind.pop(index)
        self.ind.append(key)
        self.val.pop(index)
        self.val.append(value)
        return value

    def put(self, key, value):
        """
        :type key: int
        :type value: int
        :rtype: void
        """
        if key in self.ind:
            index = self.ind.index(key)
            self.ind.pop(index)
            self.ind.append(key)
            self.val.pop(index)
            self.val.append(value)
        else:
            if len(self.ind) < self.n:
                self.ind.append(key)
                self.val.append(value)
            elif len(self.ind) == self.n:
                self.ind.append(key)
                self.ind.pop(0)
                self.val.append(value)
                self.val.pop(0)


# Your LRUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = LRUCache(capacity)
# param_1 = obj.get(key)
# obj.put(key,value)

C++,之前用map去做一直报超时错误,这是参考别人的代码。 

class LRUCache {
private:
    int n;
    list<pair<int,int> > lis;
    unordered_map<int,list<pair<int,int>>::iterator> m;
public:
    LRUCache(int capacity) {
        n = capacity;
    }
    
    int get(int key) {
        auto it = m.find(key);
        int ans = -1;
        if(it!=m.end())
        {
            ans = it->second->second;
            lis.erase(it->second);
            lis.push_front(make_pair(key,ans));
            it->second = lis.begin();
        }
        return ans;
    }
    
    void put(int key, int value) {
        auto it = m.find(key);
        if(it!=m.end())
        {
            lis.erase(it->second);
            lis.push_front(make_pair(key,value));
            m[key] = lis.begin();
        }
        else if(m.size()<n)
        {
            lis.push_front(make_pair(key,value));
            m[key] = lis.begin();
        }
        else
        {
            auto it = lis.end();
            it--;
            m.erase(it->first);
            lis.erase(it);
            lis.push_front(make_pair(key,value));
            it = lis.begin();
            m[key] = it;
        }
    }
};

/**
 * Your LRUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * LRUCache obj = new LRUCache(capacity);
 * int param_1 = obj.get(key);
 * obj.put(key,value);
 */

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_40501689/article/details/83058394