Poi解析对比excel表格

版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28478281/article/details/58055130

##前言
这次不是Android的技术分享,是java的,当然把poi的代码放到Android中也可以用,毕竟同源嘛

为啥会有这个文章呢,因为我老婆是会计嘛,她有时候会让我帮忙对账,两个excel文件,顺序也不同,需要我来对比出哪里有问题,也就是数不太对应,我想了一下,如果好几百个甚至几千个数字来对账,那我岂不是眼睛都花了,这样我哪里还有时间去happy愉快的撸代码了?
作为一个程序员,我们要解放自己的眼睛,去做一些有意义的事情!

##开发环境
Intellij Idea+maven

pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kikt</groupId>
    <artifactId>ExcelDemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.15-beta2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.15-beta2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

引入了poi的解析库的两个文件

###结构
首先是poi对于excel的结构分析
WorkBook->Sheet->Row->Cell
放在wps/excel中看,WorkBook对应的是工作簿,Sheet是表,Row顾名思义是行,Cell是单元格

有了这个基础,我们继续去看

##获取数据

###得到sheet表
要想拿到数据,首先需要先把工作簿拿到,然后拿到Sheet

首先拿到WorkBook

		File file = new File(path);
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook sheets = WorkbookFactory.create(is);

这里path是文件对应的路径

我们这里建一个Utils文件用于操作这样的重复数据
ExcelUtils.java

public class ExcelUtils {
    private ExcelUtils() {
    }
    public static Sheet getSheet(String path, int sheetPosition) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
        File file = new File(path);
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook sheets = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        return sheets.getSheetAt(sheetPosition);
    }

    public static Sheet getSheet(String path, String sheetName) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
        File file = new File(path);
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook sheets = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        return sheets.getSheet(sheetName);
    }
}

两个方法分别使用表格的名字/序号获取
position从0开始,这里为了处理有可能数十个sheet的情况,所以增加了一个用名称获取的方法

Sheet的声明

public interface Sheet extends Iterable<Row> 

Sheet是一个接口,继承Iterable,所以可以知道这里的实现类一定实现了Iterable接口
可以用foreach循环来遍历Sheet得到Row

###得到Cell

public interface Row extends Iterable<Cell>

Row同样如此,可以通过foreach循环得到Cell,这样可以每个单元格的遍历

 Cell getCell(int var1);

Row中有一个方法,根据一个int值得到对应的Cell
这个方法从0开始,这里就涉及到一个问题,Excel的列标是字母形式,而不是数字,需要转化一下
这里写了一个小算法

    private static Map<Integer, Integer> columnMap = new HashMap<>();

    private static int getColumnLength(int length) {
        Integer columnLength = columnMap.get(length);
        if (columnLength == null) {
            columnMap.put(length, (int) Math.pow(26, length));
        } else {
            return columnLength;
        }
        return getColumnLength(length);
    }

    /**
     * @param columnLetter 列的字母
     * @return 列对应的数字
     */
    public static int getColumnNumber(String columnLetter) {
        if (columnLetter == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("列号不能为空");
        }
        columnLetter = columnLetter.toLowerCase();
        int letterLength = columnLetter.length();
        if (letterLength == 1) {
            char letter = columnLetter.charAt(0);
            return letter - 97;
        } else {
            Integer length =getColumnLength(letterLength - 1);
            return (getColumnNumber(columnLetter.charAt(0) + "")+1)*length+getColumnNumber(columnLetter.substring(1));
        }
    }

可以将AA、CA之类的列号转为对应的数字
PS:题外话,这里推荐下Sedgewick的《算法》一书,最近重新研读了下,虽然都是基础,但是基础的牢靠对于算法有很大的帮助

###正式开始编码的准备工作

这里是对应的两个表的截图,这里我给隐私部位打了些马赛克



金额之类的可以看到
我们要对比的就是图1的F列和图2的H列

String recordFilePath = "H:\\1.xls";
        Sheet recordSheet = ExcelUtils.getSheet(recordFilePath, 0);
        List<RecordBean> recordBeanList = getRecordList(recordSheet, "a", "f");

        String invoiceFilePath = "2.xls";
        Sheet invoiceSheet = ExcelUtils.getSheet(invoiceFilePath, "外地预交增值税及附加税");
        List<InvoiceBean> invoiceBeanList = getInvoiceList(invoiceSheet, "a", "i");

这里我首先通过util的方法获取到了sheet表,然后将需要解析的列号写入方法内
然后获取到了对应的List集合

bean实体

package excel.bean;

/**
 * Created by kikt on 2017/2/26.
 * 记账信息
 */
public class RecordBean  extends NumberBean{
    private int index;
    private double number;

    public int getIndex() {
        return index;
    }

    public void setIndex(int index) {
        this.index = index;
    }

    public double getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(double number) {
        this.number = number;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "RecordBean{" +
                "index=" + index +
                ", number=" + number +
                '}';
    }
}

package excel.bean;

/**
 * Created by kikt on 2017/2/26.
 */
public class NumberBean {
    private int numberIndex;

    public int getNumberIndex() {
        return numberIndex;
    }

    public void setNumberIndex(int numberIndex) {
        this.numberIndex = numberIndex;
    }
}

获取list的方法

private static List<RecordBean> getRecordList(Sheet recordSheet, String indexLetter, String numberLetter) {
        List<RecordBean> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Row cells : recordSheet) {
            RecordBean bean = new RecordBean();
            Cell indexCell = cells.getCell(ExcelUtils.getColumnNumber(indexLetter));
            if (indexCell == null || indexCell.getCellType() != Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
                continue;
            }
            double numericCellValue = indexCell.getNumericCellValue();
            bean.setIndex((int) numericCellValue);
            int columnNumber = ExcelUtils.getColumnNumber(numberLetter);
            bean.setNumberIndex(columnNumber);
            bean.setNumber(cells.getCell(columnNumber).getNumericCellValue());
            list.add(bean);
        }

        return list;
    }

另一个大致相同,这里不贴了

然后通过一个compare方法比较一下

private static List<InvoiceBean> compareList(List<RecordBean> recordBeanList, List<InvoiceBean> invoiceBeanList) {
        List<InvoiceBean> unMarkBeanList = new ArrayList<>();

        for (int i = recordBeanList.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            RecordBean recordBean = recordBeanList.get(i);
            for (int j = 0; j < invoiceBeanList.size(); j++) {
                InvoiceBean invoiceBean = invoiceBeanList.get(j);
                if (recordBean.getNumber() == invoiceBean.getNumber()) {
                    invoiceBeanList.remove(invoiceBean);
                    recordBeanList.remove(recordBean);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        unMarkBeanList.addAll(invoiceBeanList);

        return unMarkBeanList;
    }

将相同的移除掉,剩余的就是不同的

##保存结果
这里光有比对结果不行,还需要修改表格,将不同的标记出来,以备人工查账

###保存sheet的方法

 public static void saveWorkbook(String path, Workbook workbook) throws IOException {
        File file = new File(path);
        workbook.write(new FileOutputStream(file));
    }

    public static void backupSheet(String path, Workbook workbook) throws IOException {
        File file = new File(path);
        String name = file.getName();
        String newPath = file.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath() + "\\backup\\";
        String newName = newPath + name + "_" + TimeUtils.getTimeString() + ".bak";
        File newFile = new File(newName);
        newFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
        newFile.createNewFile();
        workbook.write(new FileOutputStream(newFile));
    }

    public static void saveSheet(Sheet sheet, String path) throws IOException {
        Workbook workbook = sheet.getWorkbook();
        saveWorkbook(path, workbook);
    }
package excel.utils;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Created by kikt on 2017/2/26.
 */
public class TimeUtils {
    
}public static String getTimeString() {
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss");
    return sdf.format(new Date());
}


核心保存的方法是workbook.write(OutputStream)方法,简单封装了一下,saveSheet()也是封装,参数不同,这里还有一个备份的方法,可以大概看看,简单的说就是修改文件名,加时间戳.bak后缀,保存成文件

###修改样式
保存和备份文件说完了,这里还需要修改下样式,不然谁知道你最后查出了什么

 private static void setStyle(Sheet invoiceSheet, int index, int numberIndex) {
        for (Row cells : invoiceSheet) {
            Cell cell = cells.getCell(ExcelUtils.getColumnNumber("a"));
            if (cell != null && cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
                if (index == cell.getNumericCellValue()) {
                    Cell numberCell = cells.getCell(numberIndex);
                    CellStyle cellStyle = invoiceSheet.getWorkbook().createCellStyle();
                    cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
                    cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
                    numberCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
                }
            }
        }
    }

这里没有封装,只是简单的修改了下
核心代码是

CellStyle cellStyle = invoiceSheet.getWorkbook().createCellStyle();//创建一个新单元格样式
cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);//填充方式是前景色
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);//设置前景色为红色
numberCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);//将单元格的样式改为新建的样式

到这里简单的修改样式就结束了,只要在这之后保存workbook就可以了

##结语
这篇文章主要是解析和简单的修改,后面可能会涉及到生成文件,到时候再写篇文章吧

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_28478281/article/details/58055130
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