Apache POI 是用 Java 编写的免费开源的跨平台的 Java API，Apache POI提供API给Java程式对 Microsoft Office 格式档案读和写的功能。
本文使用 springboot + mybatis + poi ，来介绍如何解析 excel 、并将 excel 内的数据添加到数据库
一、编写代码
1、添加依赖
因为 excel 分 2003 以前版本和 2007 以上版本，所以需要引入两个 poi 依赖jar包，以对它们分别解析
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.dmeo</groupId>
<artifactId>springbootpoi</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>springbootpoi</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--poi对excel2007以上版本的支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--poi对excel2003以下版本的支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、配置mybatis
由于本文重点是 poi 解析 excel ，这里就不详细谈如何配置 mybatis，如果读者不会这部分内容，可以参看博主的另一篇文章，springboot 整合 mybatis
mybatis 配置成功后、yml文件如下
server:
port: 9001
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://10.42.12.67:3306/orcl?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: 123456
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml
config-location: classpath:mapper/config/sqlMapConfig.xml 3、数据库建表
建表sql如下
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`user_id` double DEFAULT NULL,
`user_name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_addr` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;表格创建后如下
4、创建实体类
package com.demo.bean;
public class User {
private double userId;
private String userName;
private Integer age;
private String userAddr;
public double getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(double userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getUserAddr() {
return userAddr;
}
public void setUserAddr(String userAddr) {
this.userAddr = userAddr;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", age=" + age + ", userAddr=" + userAddr + "]";
}
}
5、创建mapper接口层
package com.demo.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import com.demo.bean.User;
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
//批量将数据添加到数据库
int insertForeach(List<User> list);
}
6、创建 mapper.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.demo.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="insertForeach" parameterType="java.util.List" useGeneratedKeys="false">
insert into user ( user_id, user_name, age, user_addr) values
<foreach collection="list" item="item" index="index" separator=",">
(#{item.userId}, #{item.userName}, #{item.age}, #{item.userAddr})
</foreach>
</insert>
</mapper>
7、编写上传 excel 页面
此处使用 freemarker 模板引擎
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>excel上传解析</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/importExcel" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="EXCEL上传" />
</form>
</body>
</html>8、创建 excel 值处理类
package com.demo.util;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
public class ExcelUtils {
/**
* excel值处理
* @param hssfCell
* @return
*/
public static Object getXSSFValue(XSSFCell hssfCell) {
if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return hssfCell.getNumericCellValue(); //数字
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue(); //boolean
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR){
return hssfCell.getErrorCellValue(); //故障
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA){
return hssfCell.getCellFormula(); //公式
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {
return ""; //空值
}else {
return hssfCell.getStringCellValue(); //字符串
}
}
/**
* excel值处理
* @param hssfCell
* @return
*/
public static Object getValue(Cell hssfCell) {
if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
return hssfCell.getNumericCellValue(); //数字
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue(); //boolean
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR){
return hssfCell.getErrorCellValue(); //故障
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType()==XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA){
return hssfCell.getCellFormula(); //公式
}else if(hssfCell.getCellType() == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {
return ""; //空值
}else {
return hssfCell.getStringCellValue(); //字符串
}
}
}
9、创建controller 及解析 excel 主要代码
具体注释已经写到代码中、相信读者能够看懂
package com.demo.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;
import com.demo.bean.User;
import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.util.ExcelUtils;
@Controller
public class ExcelController {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExcelController.class);
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@RequestMapping("/")
public ModelAndView index() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.setViewName("index");
return mav;
}
@RequestMapping("/importExcel")
public ModelAndView importExcel(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); //获得上传的excel文件名
String fileSuffix = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); //获取上传的excel文件名后缀
List<User> list = null;
if("xlsx".equals(fileSuffix)) {
logger.info("excel2007及以上版本");
XSSFWorkbook xwb = new XSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream()); //获取excel工作簿
XSSFSheet xssfSheet = xwb.getSheetAt(0); //获取excel的sheet
if(xssfSheet == null) {
return null;
}
list = new ArrayList<User>();
//循环获取excel每一行
for(int rowNum = 1; rowNum < xssfSheet.getLastRowNum()+1; rowNum++) {
XSSFRow xssfRow = xssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);
if(xssfRow == null) {
continue;
}
User user = new User();
//循环获取excel每一行的每一列
for(int cellNum = 0; cellNum < xssfRow.getLastCellNum(); cellNum++) {
XSSFCell xssCell = xssfRow.getCell(cellNum);
if(xssCell == null) {
continue;
}
if(cellNum == 0) {
user.setUserId((Double)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}else if(cellNum == 1) {
user.setUserName((String)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}else if(cellNum == 2) {
//Integer类型需要自行处理
String res = String.valueOf((Double)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2));
user.setAge(Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2)));
}else if(cellNum == 3) {
user.setUserAddr((String)ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}
System.out.print(" "+ExcelUtils.getXSSFValue(xssCell));
}
list.add(user); //将excel每一行的数据封装到user对象,并将user对象添加到list
System.out.println("");
}
}else if("xls".equals(fileSuffix)) {
logger.info("excel2003版本");
Workbook wb=new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream()); //获取excel工作簿
Sheet sheet=wb.getSheetAt(0); //获取excel的sheet
if(sheet==null) {
return null;
}
list = new ArrayList<User>();
//循环获取excel每一行
for(int rowNum=1;rowNum<sheet.getLastRowNum()+1;rowNum++) {
Row row=sheet.getRow(rowNum);
if(row==null) {
continue;
}
User user = new User();
//循环获取excel每一行的每一列
for(int cellNum=0;cellNum<row.getLastCellNum();cellNum++) {
Cell cell=row.getCell(cellNum);
if(cell==null) {
continue;
}
if(cellNum==0) {
user.setUserId((Double)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}else if(cellNum==1) {
user.setUserName((String)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}else if(cellNum==2) {
//Integer类型需要自行处理
String res = String.valueOf((Double)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2));
user.setAge(Integer.parseInt(res.substring(0, res.length()-2)));
}else if(cellNum==3) {
user.setUserAddr((String)ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}
System.out.print(" "+ExcelUtils.getValue(cell));
}
list.add(user); //将excel每一行的数据封装到user对象,并将user对象添加到list
System.out.println("");
}
}
//将list批量添加到数据库
int count = userMapper.insertForeach(list);
System.out.println(count);
return null;
}
}
10、总结
经过以上9个步骤、项目结构如下
二、测试
浏览器访问 http://localhost:9001/
excel xlsx 、xls 文件分别如下
先上传 红楼梦人物.xls 文件 ，效果如下
再上传 西游记.xlsx 文件 ，效果如下
