Python实现图片验证码

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import os
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont  # ImageDraw:画笔对象  ImageFont:字体对象
from io import BytesIO  # 可将数据写到内存中


class AuthCode(object):

    def __init__(self, digits=5, is_letter=True, image_size=(245, 40), font_path='static/kumo.ttf', font_size=36,
                 is_interfering_line=False,
                 interfering_line_count=5,
                 is_interfering_point=False,
                 interfering_point_count=50,
                 is_save_disk=True,
                 is_save_memory=False):
        """
        内部功能全部通过参数调用
        :param digits: 验证码长度
        :param is_letter: 验证码是否包含字母
        :param image_size: 图片大小 ("宽度", "高度")
        :param font_path: 字体文件路径
        :param font_size: 生成的字体大小
        :param is_interfering_line: 是否给图片加干扰线
        :param interfering_line_count: 干扰线数量
        :param is_interfering_point: 是否给图片加干扰点
        :param interfering_point_count: 干扰点数量
        :param is_save_disk: 默认保存到磁盘(当前路径)以便参考
        :param is_save_memory: 是否保存到内存(以便传输)
        """
        self.digits = digits
        self.is_letter = is_letter
        self.image_size = image_size
        self.font_path = font_path
        self.font_size = font_size
        self.is_interfering_line = is_interfering_line
        self.interfering_line_count = interfering_line_count
        self.is_interfering_point = is_interfering_point
        self.interfering_point_count = interfering_point_count
        self.is_save_disk = is_save_disk
        self.is_save_memory = is_save_memory

        code = self.code_s() if self.is_letter else self.code()  # 获取验证码
        img_obj, draw_obj = self.image()
        # 开始在图片上写验证码
        [draw_obj.text((i * 56, 0), code[i], self.rgb_color(), self.font()) for i in range(self.digits)]
        # 是否增加干扰属性
        if self.is_interfering_line:
            self.add_interfering_line(draw_obj)
        if self.is_interfering_point:
            self.add_interfering_point(draw_obj)
        # 将完工的图片保存
        if self.is_save_disk:
            self.save_to_disk(img_obj)
        if self.is_save_memory:
            self.save_to_memory(img_obj)

    def save_to_disk(self, img_obj):
        """将图片保存到磁盘"""
        save_image_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'image_code.PNG')
        with open(save_image_path, 'wb') as f:
            img_obj.save(f, format='PNG')

    def save_to_memory(self, img_obj):
        """保存至内存"""
        f = BytesIO()
        img_obj.save(f, format='PNG')
        img_data = f.getvalue()
        return img_data

    def code(self):
        """数字验证码"""
        return [str(random.randint(0, 9)) for i in range(self.digits)]  # 返回列表

    def code_s(self):
        """数字字母验证码"""
        code = ''
        for i in range(self.digits):
            big_letter = chr(random.randint(65, 90))  # 大写字母
            small_letter = chr(random.randint(97, 122))  # 小写字母
            num = str(random.randint(0, 9))
            code += random.choice([big_letter, small_letter, num])
        return code

    def rgb_color(self):
        """随机返回RBG颜色类型的三个值"""
        return random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)

    def image(self):
        """返回一个图片对象和这个图片对象的画笔对象"""
        img_obj = Image.new('RGB', self.image_size, self.rgb_color())  # 生成一个图片对象
        # img_obj = Image.new("颜色类型", (图片宽度, 图片高度), (RGB的三个值))
        draw_obj = ImageDraw.Draw(img_obj)  # 在该图片对象上生成一个画笔对象
        return img_obj, draw_obj

    def font(self):
        """返回一个字体对象, 需先下载字体"""
        # return ImageFont.truetype("字体路径", "字体大小")
        return ImageFont.truetype(self.font_path, self.font_size)

    def add_interfering_line(self, draw_obj):
        """加干扰线"""
        width, height = self.image_size  # 图片高宽(防止越界)
        for i in range(self.interfering_line_count):
            x1 = random.randint(0, width)
            x2 = random.randint(0, width)
            y1 = random.randint(0, height)
            y2 = random.randint(0, height)
            draw_obj.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=self.rgb_color())

    def add_interfering_point(self, draw_obj):
        """加干扰点"""
        width, height = self.image_size  # 图片高宽(防止越界)
        for i in range(self.interfering_point_count):
            draw_obj.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=self.rgb_color())
            x = random.randint(0, width)
            y = random.randint(0, height)
            draw_obj.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=self.rgb_color())


# 直接调用即可
AuthCode()