王玉兰201771010128《面向对象与程序设计(Java)》第十一周学习总结

 一:理论知识部分:

(1)集合:集合(Collection或称为容器)是一种包含多个元素并提供对所包含元素操作方法的类,其包含的元素可以由同一类型的对象组成,也可以由不同类型的对象组成。

A:集合类的作用:
– Java的集合类提供了一些基本数据结构的支持。
– 例如Vector、Hashtable、Stack等。
. 集合类的使用:
– Java的集合类包含在java.util包中。
– import java.util.*;

B:集合类的特点:1 只容纳对象(数组可以容纳基本数据类型数据和对象。)

2集合类容纳的对象都是Object类的实例,一旦把一个对象置入集合类中,它的类信息将丢失,这样设计的目的是为了集合类的通用性。

– 因为Object类是所有类的祖先,所以可以在这些集合中存放任何类的对象而不受限制,但切记在使用集合成员之前必须对它重新造型。
(2)vector类

Vector类类似长度可变的数组。
 Vector中只能存放对象。
 Vector的元素通过下标进行访问。
 Vector类关键属性:
– capacity表示集合最多能容纳的元素个数。
– capacityIncrement表示每次增加多少容量。
– size表示集合当前元素个数。

(3)Stack类

Stack类是Vector的子类。
 Stack类描述堆栈数据结构,即LIFO。

(4)Hashtable类。

Hashtable通过键来查找元素。
 Hashtable用散列码(hashcode)来确定键。所
有对象都有一个散列码,可以通过Object类的
hashCode()方法获得。.

(5).集合框架中的基本接口:

A:Collection:集合层次中的根接口,JDK未提供这个接口的直接实现类。

B:Set:不能包含重复的元素。对象可能不是按存放的次序存放,也就是说不能像数组一样按索引的方式进行访问,SortedSet是一个按照升序排列元素的Set。

C:List:是一个有序的集合,可以包含重复的元素。提供了按索引访问的方式。

D:Map:包含了key-value对。Map不能包含重复的key。

E:SortedMap是一个按照升序排列key的Map。

(6)ArrayList

ArrayList:可以将其看作是能够自动增长容量的数组。
. 利用ArrayList的toArray()返回一个数组。
. Arrays.asList()返回一个列表。
. LinkedList是采用双向循环链表实现的。
. 利用LinkedList实现栈(stack)、队列(queue)、双向队列(double-ended queue )。
. ArrayList底层采用数组完成,而LinkedList则是以一般的双向链表(double-linked list)完成,其内每个对象除了数据本身外,还有两个引用,分别指向前一个元素和后一个元素。
. 如果经常在List 中进行插入和删除操作, 应该使用LinkedList,否则,使用ArrayList将更加快速。

(7)set

Set中的元素必须唯一。
. 添加到Set中的对象元素必须定义equals方法,以提供算法来判断欲添加进来的对象是否与已经存在的某对象相等,从而建立对象的唯一性。
. 实现Set 接口的类有HashSet,TreeSet。

(8)Map接口的方法

boolean containsKey(Object k) 检查调用映射中是否包含关键字K
. boolean containsValue(Object v) 检查调用映射中是否包含值V
. Object get(Object k) 返回与关键字k相关联的值
. boolean isEmpty( ) 如果调用映射是空的,则返回true;否则返回false
. Object put(Object k, Object v)将一个键值对加入调用映射
. Object remove(Object k) 删除关键字等于k的键值对
. int size( ) 返回映射中关键字/值对的个数
. Set entrySet( ) 返回包含了映射中的项的集合(Set)。该集合包含了类型Map.Entry的对象。这个方法为调用映射提供了一个集合“视图”
. Set keySet( ) 返回一个包含调用映射中关键字的集合(Set)。这个方法为调用映射的关键字提供了一个集合“视图”
. Collection values( )返回一个包含了映射中的值的类集。这个方法为映射中的值提供了一个类集“视图”

(9)Map接口

Map 接口的实现类主要有HashMap ,
TreeMap,Hashtable,Properties。
. Hashtable,Properties是JDK1.0/1.1中的。
. HashMap对key进行散列。
. TreeMap按照key进行排序。
. 和Set 类似, HashMap 的速度通常都比T
reeMap快,只有在需要排序的功能的时候,才使用TreeMap。

二:实验

1、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握VetorStackHashtable三个类的用途及常用API

(2) 了解java集合框架体系组成;

(3) 掌握ArrayListLinkList两个类的用途及常用API

(4) 了解HashSet类、TreeSet类的用途及常用API

(5)了解HashMapTreeMap两个类的用途及常用API

(6) 结对编程(Pair programming)练习,体验程序开发中的两人合作。

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1: 导入第9章示例程序,测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1:

使用JDK命令运行编辑、运行以下三个示例程序,结合运行结果理解程序;

掌握Vetor、Stack、Hashtable三个类的用途及常用API。

//示例程序1

import java.util.Vector;

 

class Cat {

private int catNumber;

 

Cat(int i) {

        catNumber = i;

}

 

void print() {

        System.out.println("Cat #" + catNumber);

}

}

 

class Dog {

private int dogNumber;

 

Dog(int i) {

        dogNumber = i;

}

 

void print() {

        System.out.println("Dog #" + dogNumber);

}

}

 

public class CatsAndDogs {

public static void main(String[] args) {

        Vector cats = new Vector();

        for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)

               cats.addElement(new Cat(i));

        cats.addElement(new Dog(7));

        for (int i = 0; i < cats.size(); i++)

               ((Cat) cats.elementAt(i)).print();

}

}

//示例程序2

import java.util.*;

 

public class Stacks {

   static String[] months = { "1", "2", "3", "4" };

 

   public static void main(String[] args) {

      Stack stk = new Stack();

      for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++)

         stk.push(months[i]);

      System.out.println(stk);

      System.out.println("element 2=" + stk.elementAt(2));

      while (!stk.empty())

         System.out.println(stk.pop());

   }

}

//示例程序3

import java.util.*;

 

class Counter {

       int i = 1;

 

       public String toString() {

              return Integer.toString(i);

       }

}

 

public class Statistics {

       public static void main(String[] args) {

              Hashtable ht = new Hashtable();

              for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {

                     Integer r = new Integer((int) (Math.random() * 20));

                     if (ht.containsKey(r))

                            ((Counter) ht.get(r)).i++;

                     else

                            ht.put(r, new Counter());

              }

              System.out.println(ht);

       }

}

import java.util.Vector;

class Cat {
	private int catNumber;

	Cat(int i) {
		catNumber = i;
	}

	void print() {
		System.out.println("Cat #" + catNumber);
	}
}

class Dog {
	private int dogNumber;

	Dog(int i) {
		dogNumber = i;
	}

	void print() {
		System.out.println("Dog #" + dogNumber);
	}
}

public class CatsAndDogs {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Vector cats = new Vector();//创建了Vector类
		for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
			cats.addElement(new Cat(i));
		cats.addElement(new Dog(7));
		for (int i = 0; i < cats.size(); i++)
			//instanceof用来判断内存中实际对象
			if (cats.elementAt(i) instanceof Cat) {
				((Cat) cats.elementAt(i)).print();
			} else {

				((Dog) cats.elementAt(i)).print();
			}
	}
}

  运行结果:

修改后:

import java.util.*;

public class Stacks {
	static String[] months = { "1", "2", "3", "4" };

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Stack stk = new Stack();//创建了Stack类
		for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++)
			stk.push(months[i]);
		System.out.println(stk);
		System.out.println("element 2=" + stk.elementAt(2));
		while (!stk.empty())
			System.out.println(stk.pop());
	}
}

  

import java.util.*;

class Counter {
	int i = 1;

	public String toString() {
		return Integer.toString(i);
	}
}

public class Statistics {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Hashtable ht = new Hashtable();//创建了Hashtable类
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
			//用整形包装器生成了20个随机数
			Integer r = new Integer((int) (Math.random() * 20));
			//通过对象调用containskey方法
			if (ht.containsKey(r))
				//判断r值是不是ht里的健值,如果是返回ture,不是返回Flash
				((Counter) ht.get(r)).i++;
			else
				//通过Counter类对象引用类内部的属性
				ht.put(r, new Counter());
			//调用put方法向hash表中添加信息(缺省的构造器,其属性值是初始值1
		}
		System.out.println(ht);
	}
}

  

测试程序2:

使用JDK命令编辑运行ArrayListDemo和LinkedListDemo两个程序,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

import java.util.*;

 

public class ArrayListDemo {

public static void main(String[] argv) {

        ArrayList al = new ArrayList();

        // Add lots of elements to the ArrayList...

        al.add(new Integer(11));

        al.add(new Integer(12));

        al.add(new Integer(13));

        al.add(new String("hello"));

        // First print them out using a for loop.

        System.out.println("Retrieving by index:");

        for (int i = 0; i < al.size(); i++) {

               System.out.println("Element " + i + " = " + al.get(i));

        }

}

}

import java.util.*;

public class LinkedListDemo {

    public static void main(String[] argv) {

        LinkedList l = new LinkedList();

        l.add(new Object());

        l.add("Hello");

        l.add("zhangsan");

        ListIterator li = l.listIterator(0);

        while (li.hasNext())

            System.out.println(li.next());

        if (l.indexOf("Hello") < 0)  

            System.err.println("Lookup does not work");

        else

            System.err.println("Lookup works");

   }

}

import java.util.*;

public class ArrayListDemo {
	public static void main(String[] argv) {
		ArrayList al = new ArrayList();//创建了Arraylist数组
		// Add lots of elements to the ArrayList...
		//用Add来添加对象且可以重载
		al.add(new Integer(11));//在当前位置添加一个元素11
		al.add(new Integer(12));
		al.add(new Integer(13));
		al.add(new String("hello"));
		System.out.println(al.size());
		//首先用一个For循环打印出来
		// First print them out using a for loop.
		System.out.println("Retrieving by index:");
		for (int i = 0; i < al.size(); i++) {
			System.out.println("Element " + i + " = " + al.get(i));
		}
	}
}

  运行结果:

修改后

import java.util.*;
public class LinkedListDemo {
	public static void main(String[] argv) {
		LinkedList l = new LinkedList();//构建LinkedList链表类
		l.add(new Object());//在当前位置添加一个对象
		l.add("Hello");
		l.add("zhangsan");
		System.out.println(l.size());//输出l的长度
		ListIterator li = l.listIterator(0);//用迭代器生成对象
		while (li.hasNext())//如果存在可访问的元素可以返回ture
			System.out.println(li.next());
		if (l.indexOf("Hello") < 0)
			System.err.println("Lookup does not work");
		else
			System.err.println("Lookup works");
	}
}

  

 修改后:

在Elipse环境下编辑运行调试教材360页程序9-1,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

掌握ArrayList、LinkList两个类的用途及常用API。

package linkedList;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program demonstrates operations on linked lists.
 * @version 1.12 2018-04-10
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class LinkedListTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      var a = new LinkedList<String>();//
      a.add("Amy");
      a.add("Carl");
      a.add("Erica");

      var b = new LinkedList<String>();
      b.add("Bob");
      b.add("Doug");
      b.add("Frances");
      b.add("Gloria");

      // 将单词从b合并为a

      ListIterator<String> aIter = a.listIterator();
      Iterator<String> bIter = b.iterator();

      while (bIter.hasNext())
      {
         if (aIter.hasNext()) aIter.next();
         aIter.add(bIter.next());
      }

      System.out.println(a);

      
//从b中删除每个第二个单词
      bIter = b.iterator();
      while (bIter.hasNext())
      {
         bIter.next(); // skip one element
         if (bIter.hasNext())
         {
            bIter.next(); // skip next element
            bIter.remove(); // remove that element
            //删除该元素
         }
      }

      System.out.println(b);

      // bulk operation: remove all words in b from a

      a.removeAll(b);

      System.out.println(a);
   }
}

  

运行结果:

测试程序3:

运行SetDemo程序,结合运行结果理解程序;

import java.util.*;

public class SetDemo {

    public static void main(String[] argv) {

        HashSet h = new HashSet(); //也可以 Set h=new HashSet()

        h.add("One");

        h.add("Two");

        h.add("One"); // DUPLICATE

        h.add("Three");

        Iterator it = h.iterator();

        while (it.hasNext()) {

             System.out.println(it.next());

        }

    }

}

package linkedList;

import java.util.*;

public class SetDemo {
	public static void main(String[] argv) {
		HashSet h = new HashSet(); // 也可以 Set h=new HashSet()
		h.add("One");
		h.add("Two");
		h.add("One"); // DUPLICATE
		h.add("Three");
		Iterator it = h.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			System.out.println(it.next());
		}
	}
}

  

运行结果:

在Elipse环境下调试教材365页程序9-2,结合运行结果理解程序;了解HashSet类的用途及常用API。

package set;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program uses a set to print all unique words in System.in.
 * @version 1.12 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class SetTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      var words = new HashSet<String>(); 
      long totalTime = 0;

      try (var in = new Scanner(System.in))
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
         {
            String word = in.next();
            long callTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            words.add(word);
            callTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - callTime;
            totalTime += callTime;
         }
      }

      Iterator<String> iter = words.iterator();
      for (int i = 1; i <= 20 && iter.hasNext(); i++)
         System.out.println(iter.next());
      System.out.println(". . .");
      System.out.println(words.size() + " distinct words. " + totalTime + " milliseconds.");
   }
}

  

在Elipse环境下调试教材367页-368程序9-3、9-4,结合程序运行结果理解程序;了解TreeSet类的用途及常用API。

package treeSet;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * An item with a description and a part number.
 */
public class Item implements Comparable<Item>
{
   private String description;
   private int partNumber;

   /**
    * Constructs an item.
    * @param aDescription the item's description
    * @param aPartNumber the item's part number
    */
   public Item(String aDescription, int aPartNumber)
   {
      description = aDescription;
      partNumber = aPartNumber;
   }

   /**
    * Gets the description of this item.
    * @return the description
    */
   public String getDescription()
   {
      return description;
   }

   public String toString()
   {
      return "[description=" + description + ", partNumber=" + partNumber + "]";
   }

   public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
   {
      if (this == otherObject) return true;
      if (otherObject == null) return false;
      if (getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false;
      var other = (Item) otherObject;
      return Objects.equals(description, other.description) && partNumber == other.partNumber;
   }

   public int hashCode()
   {
      return Objects.hash(description, partNumber);
   }

   public int compareTo(Item other)
   {
      int diff = Integer.compare(partNumber, other.partNumber);
      return diff != 0 ? diff : description.compareTo(other.description);
   }
}

  

package treeSet;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program sorts a set of Item objects by comparing their descriptions.
 * @version 1.13 2018-04-10
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class TreeSetTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      var parts = new TreeSet<Item>();
      parts.add(new Item("Toaster", 1234));
      parts.add(new Item("Widget", 4562));
      parts.add(new Item("Modem", 9912));
      System.out.println(parts);

      var sortByDescription = new TreeSet<Item>(
            Comparator.comparing(Item::getDescription));

      sortByDescription.addAll(parts);
      System.out.println(sortByDescription);
   }
}

  

测试程序4:

使用JDK命令运行HashMapDemo程序,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

import java.util.*;

public class HashMapDemo {

   public static void main(String[] argv) {

      HashMap h = new HashMap();

      // The hash maps from company name to address.

      h.put("Adobe", "Mountain View, CA");

      h.put("IBM", "White Plains, NY");

      h.put("Sun", "Mountain View, CA");

      String queryString = "Adobe";

      String resultString = (String)h.get(queryString);

      System.out.println("They are located in: " +  resultString);

  }

}

import java.util.*;

public class HashMapDemo {
	public static void main(String[] argv) {
		HashMap h = new HashMap();
		// 从公司名称到地址的哈希映射
		h.put("Adobe", "Mountain View, CA");
		h.put("IBM", "White Plains, NY");
		h.put("Sun", "Mountain View, CA");
		String queryString = "Adobe";
		String resultString = (String) h.get(queryString);
		System.out.println("They are located in: " + resultString);
	}
}

  

在Elipse环境下调试教材373页程序9-6,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

了解HashMap、TreeMap两个类的用途及常用API。

package map;

/**
 * A minimalist employee class for testing purposes.
 */
public class Employee
{
   private String name;
   private double salary;

   /**
    * Constructs an employee with $0 salary.
    * @param n the employee name
    */
   public Employee(String name)
   {
      this.name = name;
      salary = 0;
   }

   public String toString()
   {
      return "[name=" + name + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
   }
}

  

package map;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program demonstrates the use of a map with key type String and value type Employee.
 * @version 1.12 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class MapTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      var staff = new HashMap<String, Employee>();
      staff.put("144-25-5464", new Employee("Amy Lee"));
      staff.put("567-24-2546", new Employee("Harry Hacker"));
      staff.put("157-62-7935", new Employee("Gary Cooper"));
      staff.put("456-62-5527", new Employee("Francesca Cruz"));

      // 打印所有的病例

      System.out.println(staff);

      // 删除条目

      staff.remove("567-24-2546");
//替换条目 staff.put("456-62-5527", new Employee("Francesca Miller")); // 查找值 System.out.println(staff.get("157-62-7935")); // 遍历所有的肠道 staff.forEach((k, v) -> System.out.println("key=" + k + ", value=" + v)); } }

  

实验2:结对编程练习:

l 关于结对编程:以下图片是一个结对编程场景:两位学习伙伴坐在一起,面对着同一台显示器,使用着同一键盘,同一个鼠标,他们一起思考问题,一起分析问题,一起编写程序。

l 关于结对编程的阐述可参见以下链接:

http://www.cnblogs.com/xinz/archive/2011/08/07/2130332.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_programming

l 对于结对编程中代码设计规范的要求参考:

http://www.cnblogs.com/xinz/archive/2011/11/20/2255971.html

以下实验,就让我们来体验一下结对编程的魅力。

l 确定本次实验结对编程合作伙伴;

合作伙伴:汪慧和

l 各自运行合作伙伴实验九编程练习1,结合使用体验对所运行程序提出完善建议;

l 采用结对编程方式,与学习伙伴合作完成实验九编程练习1;

伙伴的代码:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class M{
    private static ArrayList<Test> studentlist;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("D:\\身份证号.txt");
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {
                
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);
                
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String number = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String province =linescanner.nextLine();
                Test student = new Test();
                student.setName(name);
                student.setnumber(number);
                student.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                student.setage(a);
                student.setprovince(province);
                studentlist.add(student);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        boolean isTrue = true;
        while (isTrue) {
           
            System.out.println("1:字典排序");
            System.out.println("2:输出年龄最大和年龄最小的人");
            System.out.println("3:寻找老乡");
            System.out.println("4:寻找年龄相近的人");
            System.out.println("5:退出");
            String m = scanner.next();
            switch (m) {
            case "1":
                Collections.sort(studentlist);              
                System.out.println(studentlist.toString());
                break;
            case "2":
                 int max=0,min=100;
                 int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
                 for(int i=1;i<studentlist.size();i++)
                 {
                     j=studentlist.get(i).getage();
                 if(j>max)
                 {
                     max=j; 
                     k1=i;
                 }
                 if(j<min)
                 {
                   min=j; 
                   k2=i;
                 }
                 
                 }  
                 System.out.println("年龄最大:"+studentlist.get(k1));
                 System.out.println("年龄最小:"+studentlist.get(k2));
                break;
            case "3":
                 System.out.println("province?");
                 String find = scanner.next();        
                 String place=find.substring(0,3);
                 for (int i = 0; i <studentlist.size(); i++) 
                 {
                     if(studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1,4).equals(place)) 
                         System.out.println("province"+studentlist.get(i));
                 }             
                 break;
                 
            case "4":
                System.out.println("年龄:");
                int yourage = scanner.nextInt();
                int near=agematched(yourage);
                int value=yourage-studentlist.get(near).getage();
                System.out.println(""+studentlist.get(near));
                break;
            case "5":
                isTrue = false;
                System.out.println("退出程序!");
                break;
                default:
                System.out.println("输入有误");

            }
        }
    }
        public static int agematched(int age) {      
        int j=0,min=53,value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++)
         {
             value=studentlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(value<0) value=-value; 
             if (value<min) 
             {
                min=value;
                k=i;
             } 
          }    
         return k;         
      }

}
public  class Test implements Comparable<Test> {

    private String name;
    private String number ;
    private String sex ;
    private int age;
    private String province;
   
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getnumber() {
        return number;
    }
    public void setnumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
    public String getsex() {
        return sex ;
    }
    public void setsex(String sex ) {
        this.sex =sex ;
    }
    public int getage() {

        return age;
        }
        public void setage(int age) {
           
        this.age= age;
        }

    public String getprovince() {
        return province;
    }
    public void setprovince(String province) {
        this.province=province ;
    }

    public int compareTo(Test o) {
       return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
    }

    public String toString() {
        return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+number+"\t"+province+"\n";
    }
    
}

 l 各自运行合作伙伴实验十编程练习2,结合使用体验对所运行程序提出完善建议;

package 练习2;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Suanshu1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        Suanshu Suanshu=new Suanshu();
        PrintWriter output = null;
        try {
            output = new PrintWriter("ss.txt");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //e.printStackTrace();
        }
        int sum = 0;

        for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
            int a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int s = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);

            
           switch(s)
           {
           case 1:
               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"/"+b+"=");
               while(b==0){  
                   b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); 
                   }
               double c = in.nextDouble();
               output.println(a+"/"+b+"="+c);
               if (c == Suanshu.chu_fa(a, b)) {
                   sum += 10;
                   System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
               }
               else {
                   System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
               }
            
               break;
            
           case 2:
               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"*"+b+"=");
               int c1 = in.nextInt();
               output.println(a+"*"+b+"="+c1);
               if (c1 == Suanshu.chen_fa(a, b)) {
                   sum += 10;
                   System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
               }
               else {
                   System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
               }
               break;
           case 3:
               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"+"+b+"=");
               int c2 = in.nextInt();
               output.println(a+"+"+b+"="+c2);
               if (c2 == Suanshu.jia_fa(a, b)) {
                   sum += 10;
                   System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
               }
               else {
                   System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
               }
               
               break ;
           case 4:
               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"-"+b+"=");
               int c3 = in.nextInt();
               output.println(a+"-"+b+"="+c3);
               if (c3 == Suanshu.jian_fa(a, b)) {
                   sum += 10;
                   System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
               }
               else {
                   System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
               }
               break ;

               } 
    
          }
        System.out.println("成绩"+sum);
        output.println("成绩:"+sum);
        output.close();
         
    }
}
package 练习2;

public class Suanshu
{
       private int a;
       private int b;
        public int  jia_fa(int a,int b)
        {
            return a+b;
        }
        public int   jian_fa(int a,int b)
        {
            if((a-b)<0)
                return 0;
            else
            return a-b;
        }
        public int   chen_fa(int a,int b)
        {
            return a*b;
        }
        public int   chu_fa(int a,int b)
        {
            if(b!=0)
            return a/b;    
            else
        return 0;
        }

        
}

l 采用结对编程方式,与学习伙伴合作完成实验九编程练习1;

package ID;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Collections;

import java.util.Scanner;

 

public class Main{

    private static ArrayList<People> Peoplelist;

    public static void main(String[] args) {

         Peoplelist = new ArrayList<>();

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        File file = new File("D:\\java\\1\\身份证号.txt");

        try {

            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));

            String temp = null;

            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {

                 

                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);

                 

                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    

                String name = linescanner.next();

                String ID = linescanner.next();

                String sex = linescanner.next();

                String age = linescanner.next();

                String place =linescanner.nextLine();

                People People = new people();

                People.setname(name);

                People.setID(ID);

                People.setsex(sex);

                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);

                People.setage(a);

                People.setbirthplace(place);

                Peoplelist.add(People);

 

            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

            System.out.println("查找不到信息");

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            System.out.println("信息读取有误");

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        boolean isTrue = true;

        while (isTrue) {

            System.out.println("————————————————————————————————————————");

            System.out.println("1:按姓名字典序输出人员信息");

            System.out.println("2:查询最大年龄人员信息和最小年龄人员信息");

            System.out.println("3:输入你的年龄,查询年龄与你最近人的所有信息");

            System.out.println("4:查询人员中是否有你的同乡");

            

             

            int nextInt = scanner.nextInt();

            switch (nextInt) {

            case 1:

                Collections.sort( Peoplelist);

                System.out.println( Peoplelist.toString());

                break;

            case 2:

                 

                int max=0,min=100;int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;

                for(int i=1;i< Peoplelist.size();i++)

                {

                    j= Peoplelist.get(i).getage();

                   if(j>max)

                   {

                       max=j; 

                       k1=i;

                   }

                   if(j<min)

                   {

                       min=j; 

                       k2=i;

                   }

 

                }  

                System.out.println("年龄最大:"+ Peoplelist.get(k1));

                System.out.println("年龄最小:"+ Peoplelist.get(k2));

                break;

            case 3:

                System.out.println("place?");

                String find = scanner.next();        

                String place=find.substring(0,3);

                String place2=find.substring(0,3);

                for (int i = 0; i < Peoplelist.size(); i++) 

                {

                    if( Peoplelist.get(i).getbirthplace().substring(1,4).equals(place)) 

                        System.out.println(Peoplelist.get(i));

 

                } 

 

                break;

            case 4:

                System.out.println("年龄:");

                int yourage = scanner.nextInt();

                int near=agenear(yourage);

                int d_value=yourage-Peoplelist.get(near).getage();

                System.out.println(""+Peoplelist.get(near));

           /*     for (int i = 0; i < Peoplelist.size(); i++)

                {

                    int p=Personlist.get(i).getage()-yourage;

                    if(p<0) p=-p;

                    if(p==d_value) System.out.println(Peoplelist.get(i));

                }   */

                break;

            case 5:

           isTrue = false;

           System.out.println("退出程序!");

                break;

            default:

                System.out.println("输入有误");

            }

        }

    }

    public static int agenear(int age) {

      

       int min=25,d_value=0,k=0;

        for (int i = 0; i <  Peoplelist.size(); i++)

        {

            d_value= Peoplelist.get(i).getage()-age;

            if(d_value<0) d_value=-d_value; 

            if (d_value<min) 

            {

               min=d_value;

               k=i;

            }

 

         }    return k;

         

     }

 

  

}
package ID;

public abstract class  People implements Comparable<People> {

private String name;

private String ID;

private int age;

private String sex;

private String birthplace;

 

public String getname() {

return name;

}

public void setname(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getID() {

return ID;

}

public void setID(String ID) {

this.ID= ID;

}

public int getage() {

 

return age;

}

public void setage(int age) {

    // int a = Integer.parseInt(age);

this.age= age;

}

public String getsex() {

return sex;

}

public void setsex(String sex) {

this.sex= sex;

}

public String getbirthplace() {

return birthplace;

}

public void setbirthplace(String birthplace) {

this.birthplace= birthplace;

}

 

public int compareTo(People o) {

   return this.name.compareTo(o.getname());

 

}

 

public String toString() {

    return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+ID+"\t"+birthplace+"\n";

    }

} 


 
 

l 采用结对编程方式,与学习伙伴合作完成实验九编程练习2;

import java.io 

 

.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io 

 

.PrintWriter;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class jisuan{

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in 

 

);

        Caculator1 computing=new Caculator1();

        PrintWriter output = null;

        try {

            output = new PrintWriter("Caculator.txt");

        } catch (Exception e) {

        }

        int sum = 0;

 

        for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) {

            int a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);

            int b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);

            int s = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);

        switch(s)

        {

           case 1:

               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"/"+b+"=");

               while(b==0){  

                   b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); 

                   }

               double c = in.nextDouble();

               output.println(a+"/"+b+"="+c);

               if (c == (double)computing.division(a, b)) {

                   sum += 10;

                   System.out.println("正确");

               }

               else {

                   System.out.println("错误");

               }

             

               break;

             

           case 2:

               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"*"+b+"=");

               int c1 = in.nextInt();

               output.println(a+"*"+b+"="+c1);

               if (c1 == computing.multiplication(a, b)) {

                   sum += 10;

                   System.out.println("正确");

               }

               else {

                   System.out.println("错误");

               }

               break;

           case 3:

               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"+"+b+"=");

               int c2 = in.nextInt();

               output.println(a+"+"+b+"="+c2);

               if (c2 == computing.addition(a, b)) {

                   sum += 10;

                   System.out.println("正确");

               }

               else {

                   System.out.println("错误");

               }

                

               break ;

           case 4:

               System.out.println(i+": "+a+"-"+b+"=");

               int c3 = in.nextInt();

               output.println(a+"-"+b+"="+c3);

               if (c3 == computing.subtraction(a, b)) {

                   sum += 10;

                   System.out.println("正确");

               }

               else {

                   System.out.println("错误");

               }

               break ;

 

               } 

     

          }

        System.out.println("scores:"+sum);

        output.println("scores:"+sum);

        output.close();

          

    }

}

 实验总结:本章先回顾了数据结构中的相关知识,然后介绍集合类的特点及作用,通过实验验证了vector类,stack类,hashtable等的用法,在周四的实验课上,在学长的示范下,初次知道了instanceof的用法,换言之了解API是根本,在不会相关的知识时及时查询,接下来就要好好复习数据结构的内容了,因为掌握的不好。

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/wang963/p/9941777.html