201771010135 杨蓉庆AND张燕 《面对对象程序设计(java)》第十一周学习总结

1、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握Vetor、Stack、Hashtable三个类的用途及常用API;

(2) 了解java集合框架体系组成;

(3) 掌握ArrayList、LinkList两个类的用途及常用API。

(4) 了解HashSet类、TreeSet类的用途及常用API。

(5)了解HashMap、TreeMap两个类的用途及常用API;

(6) 结对编程(Pair programming练习,体验程序开发中的两人合作

一、理论知识

1、数据结构介绍

 (1)一般将数据结构分为两大类:线性数据结构和 非线性数据结构。

 (2)线性数据结构:线性表、栈、队列、串、数组 和文件。

(3)线性表按其存储结构可分为顺序表和链表, 用顺序存储结构存储的线性表称为顺序表;

(4)栈(Stack)也是一种特殊的 线性表,是一种后进先出 (LIFO)的结构。

(5)队列(Queue)是限定所有的插入只能在表的一端进行 ,而所有的删除都在表的另一端进行的线性表。

(6)散列表又称为哈希表;

(7)负载因子越高 (越接近1.0),内存的使用效率越高,元素的 寻找时间越长。负载因子越低 (越接近0.0),元素的寻找时 间越短,内存浪费越多。

2、JAVA的集合框架

(1)集合(Collection或称为容器 )是一种包含多个元素 并提供对所包含元素操作方法的类,其包含的元 素可以由同一类型的对象组成,也可以由不同类 型的对象组成。

(2)框架就是一个类库的集合,框架中包含很多 超类,编程者创建这些超类的子类可较方便的设 计设计程序所需的类。例如:Swing类包

(3)集合类的作用: Java的集合类提供了一些基本数据结构的支持。 – 例如Vector;

(4)集合类的使用: Java的集合类包含在java.util包中。

(5)集合类的特点:特点一:  只容纳对象。

                                 特点二:集合类容纳的对象都是Object类的实例,一旦把一个对象置入集合类中,它的类信息将丢失;

3、JDK1.1版本中的集合类

(1)Vector中只能存放对象。

    Vector的元素通过下标进行访问。

    Vector类关键属性: capacity表示集合最多能容纳的元素个数。capacityIncrement表示每次增加多少容量。size表示集合当前元素个数。

(2)Vector类的关键方法: void addElement(Object obj)     void add(int index, Object element)      Object elementAt(int index)

(3)Stack类是Vector的子类。

    Stack类描述堆栈数据结构,即LIFO。

(4)Hashtable类 :Hashtable通过键来查找元素。

    Hashtable用散列码(hashcode)来确定键。所有对象都有一个散列码,可以通过Object类的 hashCode()方法获得。

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1: 导入第9章示例程序,测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1:

l 使用JDK命令运行编辑、运行以下三个示例程序,结合运行结果理解程序;

掌握Vetor、Stack、Hashtable三个类的用途及常用API。

import java.util.Vector;

//示例程序1

class Cat {
    private int catNumber;

    Cat(int i) {
        catNumber = i;
    }

    void print() {
        System.out.println("Cat #" + catNumber);
    }
}
class Dog {
    private int dogNumber;

    Dog(int i) {
        dogNumber = i;
    }

    void print() {
        System.out.println("Dog #" + dogNumber);
    }
}
public class CatsAndDogs {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Vector cats = new Vector();//创建一个新的类
        for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
            cats.addElement(new Cat(i));
        cats.addElement(new Dog(7));
        for (int i = 0; i < cats.size(); i++)
        if(cats.elementAt(i)instanceof Cat)// instanceof运算符是用来指出对象是否是特定类的一个实例
        {    
            ((Cat) cats.elementAt(i)).print();
        }else {
            ((Dog) cats.elementAt(i)).print();
        }
    }}

结果如下:

示例2:

//示例程序2
import java.util.*;

public class Stacks {
    static String[] months = { "1", "2", "3", "4" };

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack stk = new Stack();
        for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++)
            stk.push(months[i]);//放入一个i值
        System.out.println(stk);
        System.out.println("element 2=" + stk.elementAt(2));//element表示一个节点
        while (!stk.empty())
            System.out.println(stk.pop());//出栈操作
    }
}
Stacks

结果如下:

示例3:

import java.util.*;

class Counter {
    int i = 1;
    public String toString() {
        return Integer.toString(i);
    }
    }
public class Statistics {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Hashtable ht = new Hashtable();//生成集合类Hashtable
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) //生成循环体
        {
            Integer r = new Integer((int) (Math.random() * 20));//随机生成实数定义为整型
            if (ht.containsKey(r))
                ((Counter) ht.get(r)).i++;//用来判断r是否为一个间值
            else
                ht.put(r, new Counter());//创建新的Counter对象
        }
        System.out.println(ht);
    }
}

结果如下:

测试程序2:

l 使用JDK命令编辑运行ArrayListDemo和LinkedListDemo两个程序,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

import java.util.*;

public class ArrayListDemo {
    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        ArrayList al = new ArrayList();
        //用Add来添加对象且可以重载
        // Add lots of elements to the ArrayList...
        al.add(new Integer(11));
        al.add(new Integer(12));
        al.add(new Integer(13));
        al.add(new String("hello"));
        System.out.println(al.size());//输出al的长度
        // First print them out using a for loop.
        System.out.println("Retrieving by index:");
        for (int i = 0; i < al.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println("Element " + i + " = " + al.get(i));
        }
    }
}
ArrayListDemo

结果如下:

mport java.util.*;
public class LinkedListDemo {
    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        LinkedList l = new LinkedList();
        l.add(new Object());
        l.add("Hello");
        l.add("zhangsan");//add方法可以重载
       
        ListIterator li = l.listIterator(0);//迭代器生成li对象
        while (li.hasNext())//hasNext方法用来返回迭代器的对象
            System.out.println(li.next());
        if (l.indexOf("Hello") < 0) //生成循环语句判断最后结果 
            System.err.println("Lookup does not work");
        else
            System.err.println("Lookup works");
   }
}
LinkedListDemo

结果如下:

 

测试程序3:

l 运行SetDemo程序,结合运行结果理解程序;

import java.util.*;
public class SetDemo {
    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        HashSet h = new HashSet(); //也可以 Set h=new HashSet()
        h.add("One");
        h.add("Two");
        h.add("One"); // DUPLICATE
        h.add("Three");
        Iterator it = h.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) //hasNext方法
        {
             System.out.println(it.next());
        }
    }
}
SetDemo

结果如下:

  •  Elipse环境下调试教材365页程序9-2,结合运行结果理解程序;了解HashSet类的用途及常用API
package set;


import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program uses a set to print all unique words in System.in.
 * @version 1.12 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class SetTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
       
      Set<String> words = new HashSet<>(); // HashSet implements Set
      long totalTime = 0;
      
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in))
      {
         while (in.hasNext())//迭代器的用法,判断当前元素是否存在
         {
            String word = in.next();//指向下一个元素
            long callTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            words.add(word);//
            callTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - callTime;
            totalTime += callTime;
         }
      }

      Iterator<String> iter = words.iterator();//迭代器的简单实现
      for (int i = 1; i <= 20 && iter.hasNext(); i++)
         System.out.println(iter.next());
      System.out.println(". . .");
      System.out.println(words.size() + " distinct words. " + totalTime + " milliseconds.");
   }
}

小结:HashSet类中存放的对象不能重复,不能保证元素的排列顺序,顺序有可能发生变化。

Elipse环境下调试教材367-368程序9-39-4,结合程序运行结果理解程序;了解TreeSet类的用途及常用API

package treeSet;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program sorts a set of item by comparing their descriptions.
 * @version 1.12 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class TreeSetTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      SortedSet<Item> parts = new TreeSet<>();
      parts.add(new Item("Toaster", 1234));//add方法
      parts.add(new Item("Widget", 4562));
      parts.add(new Item("Modem", 9912));
      System.out.println(parts);

      NavigableSet<Item> sortByDescription = new TreeSet<>(
            Comparator.comparing(Item::getDescription));

      sortByDescription.addAll(parts);
      System.out.println(sortByDescription);
   }
}
TreeSetTest
package treeSet;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * An item with a description and a part number.
 */
public class Item implements Comparable<Item>//Item类实现Comparable接口
{
   private String description;
   private int partNumber;

   /**
    * Constructs an item.
    * 
    * @param aDescription
    *           the item's description
    * @param aPartNumber
    *           the item's part number
    */
   public Item(String aDescription, int aPartNumber)
   {
      description = aDescription;//字符串
      partNumber = aPartNumber;
   }

   /**
    * Gets the description of this item.
    * 
    * @return the description
    */
   public String getDescription()
   {
      return description;
   }

   public String toString()
   {
      return "[description=" + description + ", partNumber=" + partNumber + "]";
   }//返回该对象的字符串表示

   public boolean equals(Object otherObject)
   {
      if (this == otherObject) return true;
      if (otherObject == null) return false;
      if (getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) return false;
      Item other = (Item) otherObject;
      return Objects.equals(description, other.description) && partNumber == other.partNumber;
   }

   public int hashCode()
   {
      return Objects.hash(description, partNumber);
   }

   public int compareTo(Item other)
   {
      int diff = Integer.compare(partNumber, other.partNumber);
      return diff != 0 ? diff : description.compareTo(other.description);
   }
}
Item

结果如下:

小结:TreeSet是一种自带排序的set,TreeSet可以确保集合元素处于排序状态。TreeSet支持两种排序方式,自然排序 和定制排序。

测试程序4:

使用JDK命令运行HashMapDemo程序,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

import java.util.*;
public class HashMapDemo {
   public static void main(String[] argv) {
      HashMap h = new HashMap();
      // The hash maps from company name to address.
      h.put("Adobe", "Mountain View, CA");//定义对象
      h.put("IBM", "White Plains, NY");
      h.put("Sun", "Mountain View, CA");
      String queryString = "Adobe";
      String resultString = (String)h.get(queryString);
      System.out.println("They are located in: " +  resultString);
  }
}

结果如下:

l 在Elipse环境下调试教材373页程序9-6,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

package map;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This program demonstrates the use of a map with key type String and value type Employee.
 * @version 1.12 2015-06-21
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class MapTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      Map<String, Employee> staff = new HashMap<>();//HashMap implements Map
      staff.put("144-25-5464", new Employee("Amy Lee"));
      staff.put("567-24-2546", new Employee("Harry Hacker"));
      staff.put("157-62-7935", new Employee("Gary Cooper"));
      staff.put("456-62-5527", new Employee("Francesca Cruz"));

      // print all entries

      System.out.println(staff);

      // remove an entry

      staff.remove("567-24-2546");

      // replace an entry

      staff.put("456-62-5527", new Employee("Francesca Miller"));

      // look up a value

      System.out.println(staff.get("157-62-7935"));

      // iterate through all entries

      staff.forEach((k, v) -> 
         System.out.println("key=" + k + ", value=" + v));
   }
}

结果如下:

实验2:结对编程练习:

关于结对编程:以下图片是一个结对编程场景:两位学习伙伴坐在一起,面对着同一台显示器,使用着同一键盘,同一个鼠标,他们一起思考问题,一起分析问题,一起编写程序

关于结对编程的阐述可参见以下链接:

 http://www.cnblogs.com/xinz/archive/2011/08/07/2130332.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_programming

对于结对编程中代码设计规范的要求参考

http://www.cnblogs.com/xinz/archive/2011/11/20/2255971.html

以下实验,就让我们来体验一下结对编程的魅力

确定本次实验结对编程合作伙伴;

各自运行合作伙伴实验九编程练习1,结合使用体验对所运行程序提出完善建议;

l 各自运行合作伙伴实验十编程练习2,结合使用体验对所运行程序提出完善建议;

1、合作伙伴:张燕

  • 采用结对编程方式,与学习伙伴合作完成实验九编程练习1; 
package xinxi;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class xinxi{
    private static ArrayList<Student> studentlist;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("F:\\身份证号.txt");
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {
                
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);
                
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String number = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String province =linescanner.nextLine();
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setName(name);
                student.setnumber(number);
                student.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                student.setage(a);
                student.setprovince(province);
                studentlist.add(student);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        boolean isTrue = true;
        while (isTrue) {
            System.out.println("输入序号进行相应的操作");
            System.out.println("1.字典排序");
            System.out.println("2.输出年龄最大和年龄最小的人");
            System.out.println("3.查找与你年龄相近的人");
            System.out.println("4.查找你的同乡");
            String n = scanner.next();
            switch (n) {
            case "1":
                Collections.sort(studentlist);              
                System.out.println(studentlist.toString());
                break;
            case "2":
                 int max=0,min=100;
                 int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
                 for(int i=1;i<studentlist.size();i++)
                 {
                     j=studentlist.get(i).getage();
                 if(j>max)
                 {
                     max=j; 
                     k1=i;
                 }
                 if(j<min)
                 {
                   min=j; 
                   k2=i;
                 }
                 
                 }  
                 System.out.println("年龄最大:"+studentlist.get(k1));
                 System.out.println("年龄最小:"+studentlist.get(k2));
                break;
            case "3":
                System.out.println("年龄:");
                int yourage = scanner.nextInt();
                int near=agenear(yourage);
                int value=yourage-studentlist.get(near).getage();
                System.out.println("和你年龄相近的是"+studentlist.get(near));
                break;

            case "4":
                 System.out.println("输入你的家乡");
                 String find = scanner.next();        
                 String place=find.substring(0,3);
                 for (int i = 0; i <studentlist.size(); i++) 
                 {
                     if(studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1,4).equals(place)) 
                         System.out.println("你的同乡是  "+studentlist.get(i));
                 }             
                 break;

            }
        }
    }
        public static int agenear(int age) {      
        int j=0,min=53,value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++)
         {
             value=studentlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(value<0) value=-value; 
             if (value<min) 
             {
                min=value;
                k=i;
             } 
          }    
         return k;         
      

}


}
xinxi
package xinxi;
public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String name;
    private String number ;
    private String sex ;
    private int age;
    private String province;
   
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getnumber() {
        return number;
    }
    public void setnumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
    public String getsex() {
        return sex ;
    }
    public void setsex(String sex ) {
        this.sex =sex ;
    }
    public int getage() {

        return age;
        }
    public void setage(int age) {
        this.age= age;
        }

    public String getprovince() {
        return province;
    }
    public void setprovince(String province) {
        this.province=province ;
    }

    public int compareTo(Student o) {
       return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
    }

    public String toString() {
        return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+number+"\t"+province+"\n";
    }    
}
class

心得:通过测试,可以体会到小伙伴的代码与我的不同之处,需要学习的还很多。

  • 采用结对编程方式,与学习伙伴合作完成实验十编程练习2。
package S;


import java.io.*;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class jisuan {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        PrintWriter output = null;
        try {
            output = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            int a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int m = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 4);
            switch (m) {
            case 1:
                while (b == 0) {
                    b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                while (a % b != 0) {
                    a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                System.out.println(a + "/" + b + "=");
                int c1 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "/" + b + "=" + c1);
                if (c1 == a / b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
                }

                break;

            case 2:
                System.out.println( a + "*" + b + "=");
                int c2 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "*" + b + "=" + c2);
                if (c2 == a * b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                System.out.println( a + "+" + b + "=");
                int c3 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "+" + b + "=" + c3);
                if (c3 == a + b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
                }

                break;
            case 4:
                while (a < b) {
                    a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                System.out.println( a + "-" + b + "=");
                int c4 = in.nextInt();
                output.println(a + "-" + b + "=" + c4);
                if (c4 == a - b) {
                    System.out.println("恭喜答案正确");
                    sum += 10;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("抱歉,答案错误");
                }
                break;

            }

        }
        System.out.println("成绩" + sum);
        output.println("成绩" + sum);
        output.close();
    }
}
jisuan
package S;
public class math<T> {
    private T a;
    private T b;

    public int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public int reduce(int a, int b) {
        return a - b;
    }

    public int multiplication(int a, int b) {
        return a * b;
    }

    public int division(int a, int b) {
        if (b != 0 && a % b == 0)
            return a / b;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}
math

心得:合作小伙伴代码写的很多很详细,我从中学到了很多知识,如果可以的话,可以在代码的精简上多做些功夫。

2)    结对编程代码;

实验九编程练习1:

package xinxi;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class xinxi{
    private static ArrayList<Student> studentlist;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("F:\\身份证号.txt");
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {
                
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);
                
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String number = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String province =linescanner.nextLine();
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setName(name);
                student.setnumber(number);
                student.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                student.setage(a);
                student.setprovince(province);
                studentlist.add(student);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        boolean isTrue = true;
        while (isTrue) {
            System.out.println("输入序号进行相应的操作");
            System.out.println("1.字典排序");
            System.out.println("2.输出年龄最大和年龄最小的人");
            System.out.println("3.查找与你年龄相近的人");
            System.out.println("4.查找你的同乡");
            String n = scanner.next();
            switch (n) {
            case "1":
                Collections.sort(studentlist);              
                System.out.println(studentlist.toString());
                break;
            case "2":
                 int max=0,min=100;
                 int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
                 for(int i=1;i<studentlist.size();i++)
                 {
                     j=studentlist.get(i).getage();
                 if(j>max)
                 {
                     max=j; 
                     k1=i;
                 }
                 if(j<min)
                 {
                   min=j; 
                   k2=i;
                 }
                 
                 }  
                 System.out.println("年龄最大:"+studentlist.get(k1));
                 System.out.println("年龄最小:"+studentlist.get(k2));
                break;
            case "3":
                System.out.println("年龄:");
                int yourage = scanner.nextInt();
                int near=agenear(yourage);
                int value=yourage-studentlist.get(near).getage();
                System.out.println("和你年龄相近的是"+studentlist.get(near));
                break;

            case "4":
                 System.out.println("输入你的家乡");
                 String find = scanner.next();        
                 String place=find.substring(0,3);
                 for (int i = 0; i <studentlist.size(); i++) 
                 {
                     if(studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1,4).equals(place)) 
                         System.out.println("你的同乡是  "+studentlist.get(i));
                 }             
                 break;

            }
        }
    }
        public static int agenear(int age) {      
        int j=0,min=53,value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++)
         {
             value=studentlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(value<0) value=-value; 
             if (value<min) 
             {
                min=value;
                k=i;
             } 
          }    
         return k;         
      

}


}
xinxi
package xinxi;
public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String name;
    private String number ;
    private String sex ;
    private int age;
    private String province;
   
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getnumber() {
        return number;
    }
    public void setnumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
    public String getsex() {
        return sex ;
    }
    public void setsex(String sex ) {
        this.sex =sex ;
    }
    public int getage() {

        return age;
        }
    public void setage(int age) {
        this.age= age;
        }

    public String getprovince() {
        return province;
    }
    public void setprovince(String province) {
        this.province=province ;
    }

    public int compareTo(Student o) {
       return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
    }

    public String toString() {
        return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+number+"\t"+province+"\n";
    }    
}
Student

实验十编程练习2:

package C;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        Suanfa counter = new Suanfa();
        PrintWriter out = null;
        try {
            out = new PrintWriter("test.txt");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("文件夹输出失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        int sum = 0;
        
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            int a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
            int m;
            Random rand = new Random();
            m = (int) rand.nextInt(4) + 1;
            System.out.println("随机生成的四则运算类型:" + m);

            switch (m) {
            case 1:
                a = b + (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                while(b == 0){
                    b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
                while(a % b != 0){
                    a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                    }
              //若生成的除法式子必须能整除,且满足分母为0的条件,则a一定要大于b,且a模b的结果要为0。
                System.out.println(i + ": " + a + "/" + b + "=");
                int c0 = in.nextInt();
                out.println(a + "/" + b + "=" + c0);
                if (c0 == counter.d(a, b)) {
                    sum += 10;
                    System.out.println("正确!");
                } else {
                    System.out.println("错误!");
                }
 break;

            case 2:
                System.out.println(i + ": " + a + "*" + b + "=");
                int c = in.nextInt();
                out.println(a + "*" + b + "=" + c);
                if (c == counter.m(a, b)) {
                    sum+= 10;
                    System.out.println("正确!");
                } else {
                    System.out.println("错误!");
                }
                break;
            case 3:
                System.out.println(i + ": " + a + "+" + b + "=");
                int c1 = in.nextInt();
                out.println(a + "+" + b + "=" + c1);
                if (c1 == counter.add(a, b)) {
                    sum += 10;
                    System.out.println("正确!");
                } else {
                    System.out.println("错误!");
                }
                break;
            case 4:
                while (a < b) {
                    b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
                }
              //因为不能产生运算结果为负数的减法式子,所以a一定要大于b。若a<b,则重新生成b。
                System.out.println(i + ": " + a + "-" + b + "=");
                int c2 = in.nextInt();
                out.println(a + "-" + b + "=" + c2);
                if (c2 == counter.r(a, b)) {
                    sum += 10;
                    System.out.println("正确!");
                } else {
                    System.out.println("错误!");
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("成绩" + sum);
        out.println("成绩:" + sum);
        out.close();
    }
}
Main
package C;
public class Suanfa<T> {
    private T a;
    private T b;
   public int add(int a,int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public int r(int a, int b) {
        return a - b;
    }

    public int m(int a, int b) {
        return a * b;
    }

    public int d(int a, int b) {
        if (b != 0 && a%b==0)
            return a / b;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}
Suanfa

3)    结对程序运行功能界面截图;

4)    结对过程描述,提供两人在讨论、细化和编程时的结对照片(非摆拍)

在测试过互相的程序后,发现了各自的不足之处,以后会加以改进,然后我们二人又重新开始对以上的程序进行了修改,简化,得出了结果,果然合作的话会有更大的发展空间,还能发现更多的问题。

总结:本章我们学习了Vetor、Stack、Hashtable三个类的用途及常用API;我在测试代码实验中,通过注释,编译逐渐理解了本周理论知识所讲的知识,感受到了它们的区别和联系,在本周实验中还增加了一个结对实验,这个合作实验让我们发现了彼此的不足和需要改进的地方,是 个很好的相互学习的过程。

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/YRQY/p/9928610.html