SpringBoot下使用ElasticSearch教程(一)

一：ElasticSearch简单介绍.

ES是一款实时分析的分布式搜索引擎,易扩展集群,全文搜索,分布式实时文件存储,基于RESTful风格的简单易用API,底层使用Lucene封装,使用Java语言开发,和多种语言容易交互使用,速度非常快, 稳定,可靠,容易安装,开源.Lucene专注与底层搜索建设,ElasticSearch专注于企业应用.

ElasticSearch官网有非常详细的介绍：ElasticSearch.

ElasticSearch权威指南中文版：ElasticSearch中文版

二：环境准备.

我是方便测试,使用的Windows本地安装的ES,ES的安装教程比较多了,先把安装环境跑起吧.

ElasticSearch：6.4.1

SpringBoot：2.0.5.RELEASE

Maven

PostMan：接口测试工具,有json格式的数据校验,添加索引文章会比较方便的.

浏览器：Chrome

然后是安装好启动集群管理header插件.可以看到以正确启动了.

访问ES的集群面板.

使用PostMan添加索引.(说明一下,ES 6中,一个Index只能指定一个Type，亲测).下面是新建的Index.

{
    "settings": {
        "number_of_shards": 5,
        "number_of_replicas": 1
   },
    "mappings":{
        "novel":{
            "properties":{
                "word_count":{
                    "type":"integer"
                },
                "author":{
                    "type":"keyword"
                },
                "title":{
                    "type":"text"
                },
                "publish_date":{
                    "type":"date",
                    "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss || yyyy-MM-dd || epoch_millis"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

新建索引指定id和自动生成id两种方式.

例如这里插入第一条吧.(PostMan),(发现字打错了如换成入吧,严谨一点吧.)

POST 127.0.0.1/book/novel/1

查询文档是否存在.

二：整合SpringBoot（仔细阅读注意一些不必要的坑 !！！）.

新建一个SpringBoot项目.创建一下的目录.

pom.xml文件依赖如下.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.lx.search</groupId>
	<artifactId>elastic</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>
	<name>elastic</name>
	<description>ElasticSearch project for Spring Boot</description>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
        <!-- 引入ElasticSearch-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
		</dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.plugin</groupId>
            <artifactId>transport-netty3-client</artifactId>
            <version>5.6.10</version>
        </dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

要引入那个transport-netty3-client的.否在报错哟.报错信息如下.

ES返回的文档对应实体对象,首先是完成实体类对象的编写吧.(如果觉得Set/Get麻烦,使用Lombok吧).

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import java.util.Date;

@Document(indexName = "book",type="novel")
public class Novel {
    @Id
    private Long id;
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private Integer word_count;
    private Date publish_data;

    public Novel(){
      super();
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public Integer getWord_count() {
        return word_count;
    }

    public void setWord_count(Integer word_count) {
        this.word_count = word_count;
    }

    public Date getPublish_data() {
        return publish_data;
    }

    public void setPublish_data(Date publish_data) {
        this.publish_data = publish_data;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Novel{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", word_count=" + word_count +
                ", publish_data=" + publish_data +
                '}';
    }
}

接下来就是两种配置方式了.

方式一：ElasticsearchTemplate完成.(查看一下cluster_name,新增了一个默认的节点,就不是默认的elasticsearch了).

application.yml中的编写如下.

# 配置端口
server:
  port: 8081
# 配置ElasticSearch
spring:
  data:
    elasticsearch:
      cluster-nodes: 127.0.0.1:9300
      cluster-name: my-application
      repositories:
        enabled: true

接下来就是完成查询了.(需求是查出所有带有word_count的书).

NovelController入下.


import com.lx.search.elastic.entity.Novel;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQueryBuilder;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.SearchQuery;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * title： com.lx.search.elastic.controller
 * @author： lixing
 * date： 2018/10/6 14:06
 * description：查询小说吧
 */
@RestController
public class NovelController {
    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/search")
    public String findDoc(){
        // 构造搜索条件
        QueryBuilder builder=QueryBuilders.existsQuery("word_count");
        SearchQuery searchQuery=new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(builder).build();
        // 执行查询
        List<Novel> novels=elasticsearchTemplate.queryForList(searchQuery,Novel.class);
        for(Novel novel:novels){
            System.out.println(novel);
        }
        return "Search Success";
    }
}

在启动类的注解上添加包扫描.将实体类注入到容器成为Bean.

@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "com.lx.search.elastic")

启动访问一下吧：浏览器访问一下.

查看控制台如下：

id为null是说明数据类型不符合呗,直接修改为将id的类型修改String吧,ES自动和手动生成的id是String类型的.

修改为String类型后：

重新访问一下,问题解决.

方式二：TransportClient.

ElasticSearchConfig

import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.TransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.client.PreBuiltTransportClient;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.net.InetAddress;
/**
 * title： com.lx.search.elastic.config
 * @author： lixing
 * date： 2018/10/2 14:50
 * description：ElasticSearchConfig的配置类
 */
@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchConfig {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ElasticSearchConfig.class);
   @Bean
    public TransportClient client() {
           logger.info("初始化开始中...");
           TransportClient client = null;
           try {
               TransportAddress transportAddress = new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"),
                       Integer.valueOf(9300));
               // 配置信息
               Settings esSetting = Settings.builder()
                       .put("cluster.name","my-application")
                       .build();
               // 配置信息Settings自定义
               client= new PreBuiltTransportClient(esSetting);
               client.addTransportAddresses(transportAddress);
           } catch (Exception e) {
               logger.error("elasticsearch TransportClient create error!!!", e);
           }
           return client;
   }
}

SaerchController.

import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class SearchController {
    @Autowired
    private TransportClient client;

    @RequestMapping("/estest")
    public void test(){
        // 查询一条
        GetResponse result=client.prepareGet("book","novel","1").get();
        System.out.println(result);
    }
}

浏览器访问一下：

控制台查看：（返回了id为1的json数据）.

遇到问题如下：

2018-10-06 15:27:24.926 WARN 15064 --- [][generic][T#1]] o.e.c.t.TransportClientNodesService : node {#transport#-1}{Dv7dhgGlQCyxgGsSOd_JjQ}{localhost}{127.0.0.1:9300} not part of the cluster Cluster [elastic], ignoring...

控制台打印上述信息.

可以看出是节点名字错了吧,不是那个elastic.就进入到那个集群面板里面查看一下这个127.0.0.1:9300节点的cluster_name是那个

elastic吗？？？是默认的elasticsearch吗？？？,当然我是新建了节点的.

修改为my-application

在这里还可以查看一下配置文件.config目录下elasticsearch.yml文件.

再次重新启动一下,正常启动了,可以正常访问了.

三：简单总结.

在这次整合中也是遇到了问题,首先是自己认真的观察和仔细的思考一下,一步一步耐心解决吧.后面使用过程中在总结吧.

SpringBoot下使用ElasticSearch教程(一)

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