java 并发之CyclicBarrier

什么是CyclicBarrier

可以理解为循环栅栏,栅栏就是一种障碍物.假如我们将计数器设置为10,那么凑齐第一批10个线程后,计数器就会归零,然后接着凑齐下一批10个线程,这就是循环栅栏的含义.
构造器:

public CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction) {
      if (parties <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
      this.parties = parties;
      this.count = parties;
      this.barrierCommand = barrierAction;
  }

parties:计数总数,也就是参与的线程总数. barrierAction 当计数器一次完成计数后,系统会执行的动作

示例

public class CyclicBarrierDemo {
    public static class Soldier implements Runnable {
        private String soldier;
        private final CyclicBarrier cyclic;

        public Soldier(CyclicBarrier cyclic, String soldier) {
            this.soldier = soldier;
            this.cyclic = cyclic;
        }

        /**
         * When an object implementing interface <code>Runnable</code> is used
         * to create a thread, starting the thread causes the object's
         * <code>run</code> method to be called in that separately executing
         * thread.
         * <p>
         * The general contract of the method <code>run</code> is that it may
         * take any action whatsoever.
         *
         * @see Thread#run()
         */
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //等待所有士兵到齐
                cyclic.await();
                doWork();
                //等待所有士兵完成工作
                cyclic.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {//在等待过程中,线程被中断
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {//表示当前CyclicBarrier已经损坏.系统无法等到所有线程到齐了.
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        void doWork() {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(Math.abs(new Random().nextInt() % 10000));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(soldier + ":任务完成");
        }

    }

    public static class BarrierRun implements Runnable {
        boolean flag;
        int N;

        public BarrierRun(boolean flag, int N) {
            this.flag = flag;
            this.N = N;
        }

        /**
         * When an object implementing interface <code>Runnable</code> is used
         * to create a thread, starting the thread causes the object's
         * <code>run</code> method to be called in that separately executing
         * thread.
         * <p>
         * The general contract of the method <code>run</code> is that it may
         * take any action whatsoever.
         *
         * @see Thread#run()
         */
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (flag) {
                System.out.println("司令:[士兵" + N + "个,任务完成!]");
            } else {
                System.out.println("司令:[士兵" + N + "个,集合完毕!]");
                flag = true;
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final int N = 10;
        Thread[] allSoldier = new Thread[N];
        boolean flag = false;
        CyclicBarrier cyclic = new CyclicBarrier(N, new BarrierRun(flag, N));
        //设置屏障点,主要为了执行这个方法
        System.out.println("集合队伍! ");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            System.out.println("士兵" + i + "报道! ");
            allSoldier[i] = new Thread(new Soldier(cyclic, "士兵" + i));
            allSoldier[i].start();
        }
    }
}

结果