spring-security简单demo

1、什么是spring-security

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean,充分利用了Spring IoC,DI(控制反转Inversion of Control ,DI:Dependency Injection 依赖注入)和AOP(面向切面编程)功能,为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能,减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作。

2、为什么用spring-security(有待补充)

 2.1权限控制

2.2用户授权

3、如何使用

3.1原理

首先,权限管理离不开登陆验证的,所以登陆验证拦截器AuthenticationProcessingFilter要讲;还有就是对访问的资源管理吧,所以资源管理拦截器AbstractSecurityInterceptor要讲;但拦截器里面的实现需要一些组件来实现,所以就有了AuthenticationManager、accessDecisionManager等组件来支撑。

现在先大概过一遍整个流程,用户登陆,会被AuthenticationProcessingFilter拦截,调用AuthenticationManager的实现,而且AuthenticationManager会调用ProviderManager来获取用户验证信息(不同的Provider调用的服务不同,因为这些信息可以是在数据库上,可以是在LDAP服务器上,可以是xml配置文件上等),如果验证通过后会将用户的权限信息封装一个User放到spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder中,以备后面访问资源时使用。

访问资源(即授权管理),访问url时,会通过AbstractSecurityInterceptor拦截器拦截,其中会调用FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的方法来获取被拦截url所需的全部权限,在调用授权管理器AccessDecisionManager,这个授权管理器会通过spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder获取用户的权限信息,还会获取被拦截的url和被拦截url所需的全部权限,然后根据所配的策略(有:一票决定,一票否定,少数服从多数等),如果权限足够,则返回,权限不够则报错并调用权限不足页面。

4、简单demo(有待扩展)

a、创建工程

b、引入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.xu</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-demo</artifactId>


    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <!-- 指定端口 -->
                    <port>9090</port>
                    <!-- 请求路径 -->
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

c、创建web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

d、创建spring-security.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
             xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                  http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">



    <!-- 以下页面不被拦截 -->
    <http pattern="/login.html" security="none"></http>
    <http pattern="/login_error.html" security="none"></http>
    <!-- 页面拦截规则 -->
    <http use-expressions="false">
        <intercept-url pattern="/*" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login login-page="/login.html" default-target-url="/index.html" authentication-failure-url="/login_error.html"/>
        <csrf disabled="true"/>
    </http>

    <!-- intercept-url页面拦截规则 -->

    <!-- 表示的是该目录下的资源,只包括本级目录不包括下级目录
    表示的是该目录以及该目录下所有级别子目录的资源-->

  <!--  <http use-expressions="false">
        <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login/>
    </http>
-->
    <!-- 认证管理器 -->
    <authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <user-service>
                <user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
            </user-service>
        </authentication-provider>
    </authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>

e、创建相关的页面

(1)login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title>登陆</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action='/login' method='POST'>
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <td>用户名:</td>
                    <td>
                        <input type='text' name='username' value=''>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>密码:</td>
                    <td>
                        <input type='password' name='password'/>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td colspan='2'>
                        <input name="submit" type="submit"
                               value="登陆"/>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

(2)index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>首页</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        欢迎进入神奇的spring security世界~~~
    </body>
</html>


(3)login_error.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>首页</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        error
    </body>
</html>

==============通过插件启动,尝试登入===============有待完善







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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_36276193/article/details/80977076