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Regular and irregular verbs
A
Regular verbs
The past simple and past participle of regular verbs is -ed:
clean cleaned live
lived paint
painted study
studied
Past simple
- I cleaned my room yesterday.
- Charlie studied engineering at university.
Past participle
have/has + past participle (present perfect)
- I have cleaned my room.
- Tina has lived in London for ten years.
be (is/are/were/has/ been etc.) + past participle (passive)
- These rooms are cleaned every day.
- My car has been repaired.
B
Irregular verbs
The past simple and past participle of irregular verbs do not -ed:
| make break cut | |
| past simple past participle |
made broke cut made broken cut |
Sometimes the past simple and past participle are the same. For example:
| make find buy cut | |
| past simple past participle |
made found bought cut |
- I made a car yesterday. (past simple)
- I have made some coffee. (past participle - present perfect)
- Butter is made from milk. (past participle - passive present)
Sometimes the past simple and past participle are different. For example:
| break know begin go | |
| past simple past participle |
broke knew began went broken known begun gone |
- Somebody brokes this window last night. (past simple)
- Somebody has broken this window. (past participle - present perfect)
- This window was broken last night. (past participle - passive past)