【游戏程序设计】Direct3D 顶点缓存

版权声明：转载请注明出处。 https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_38304645/article/details/82837186

运行结果：

源代码：

#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>
#include <time.h>

#define WINDOW_WIDTH 800
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 600
#define WINDOW_TITLE L"顶点缓存"
#define SAFE_RELEASE(p) { if(p) {(p)->Release(); (p) = NULL;}}										//销毁指针
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//【顶点缓存使用步骤一】：设计顶点格式
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
	float x, y, z, rhw;																		//顶点的三维坐标值 
	DWORD color;																			//顶点的颜色值
};
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)								//FVF灵活顶点格式

//---------------------------------------【全局变量声明部分】------------------------------------------------
//描述：全局变量的声明
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice;																//Direct 3D设备对象
ID3DXFont* g_pFont;																			//字体COM接口
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVertexBuffer;													//顶点缓冲区对象

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HRESULT Direct3D_Init(HWND);													//在这个函数中继续Direct3D的初始化
HRESULT Objects_Init(HWND);														//在这个函数中进行要绘制的物体的资源初始化
void Direct3D_Render(HWND);														//在这个函数中进行Direct3D渲染代码的书写
void Direct3D_ClearUp();														//在这个函数中清理COM资源以及其他资源
//----------------------------------------【WinMain（）函数】-------------------------------------------------
//描述：Windows应用程序的入口函数
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPreInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
	WNDCLASSEX wndClass = {0};
	wndClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
	wndClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wndClass.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
	wndClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wndClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wndClass.hInstance = hInstance;
	wndClass.hIcon = (HICON)LoadImage(NULL, L"icon.ico", IMAGE_ICON, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE | LR_DEFAULTSIZE);
	wndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);
	wndClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	wndClass.lpszClassName = L"3DGameBase";
	if(!RegisterClassEx(&wndClass))
		return -1;

	HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"3DGameBase", WINDOW_TITLE, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 
		WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
	MoveWindow(hWnd, 250, 80, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, true);
	ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow(hWnd);

	PlaySound(L"Final Fantasy XIII.wav", NULL, SND_LOOP | SND_ASYNC | SND_FILENAME);
	
	if(FAILED(Direct3D_Init(hWnd)))
		MessageBox(hWnd, L"Direct3D 初始化失败!", L"消息窗口", 0);
	MSG msg = {0};
	while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
	{
		if(PeekMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
		{
			TranslateMessage(&msg);
			DispatchMessage(&msg);
		}
		else
			Direct3D_Render(hWnd);
	}

	UnregisterClass(L"3DGameBase", wndClass.hInstance);
	return 0;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	switch(message)
	{
	case WM_PAINT:
		Direct3D_Render(hWnd);
		ValidateRect(hWnd, NULL);													//使窗口区域生效
		break;
	case WM_KEYDOWN:
		if(wParam == VK_ESCAPE)
			DestroyWindow(hWnd);
		break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		//调用自定义的资源清理函数Direct3D_ClearUp();进行退出前的资源清理
		Direct3D_ClearUp();
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	default:
		return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
	}

	return 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------【Direct3D_Init（）函数】-----------------------------------------
//描述：Direct3D初始化函数，进行Direct3D的初始化
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT Direct3D_Init(HWND hWnd)
{
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D初始化步骤一】:创建Direct3D接口对象，以便用该Direct3D对象创建Direct3D设备对象
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	LPDIRECT3D9 pD3D = NULL; //Direct3D接口对象的创建。

	if((pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION)) == NULL)						//初始化Direct3D接口对象，并进行DirectX版本协商。
		return E_FAIL;
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D初始化步骤二】：获取硬件设备信息
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	D3DCAPS9 caps;
	int vp = 0;
	if(FAILED(pD3D->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, &caps))) 
		return E_FAIL;
	if(caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
		vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;								//支持硬件顶点运算，采用硬件顶点运算
	else
		vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;								//不支持硬件顶点运算，采用软件顶点运算

	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D初始化步骤三】：填充D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构体
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
	ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));

	d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = WINDOW_WIDTH;
	d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = WINDOW_HEIGHT;
	d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8;
	d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
	d3dpp.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
	d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality = 0;
	d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
	d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd;
	d3dpp.Windowed = true;
	d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
	d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;
	d3dpp.Flags = 0;
	d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = 0;
	d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D初始化步骤四】：创建Direct3D设备接口。
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	if(FAILED(pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, vp, &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice)))
		return E_FAIL;

	SAFE_RELEASE(pD3D);														//LPDIRECT3D9接口对象的使命完成，将其释放掉
	if(FAILED(Objects_Init(hWnd)))											// 调用一次Objects_Init，进行渲染资源的初始化
		return E_FAIL;

	return S_OK;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//------------------------------------------【Objects_Init（）】函数---------------------------------------------
//描述:渲染资源初始化函数，在此函数中进行要被渲染的物体的资源的初始化
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT Objects_Init(HWND hWnd)
{
	//创建字体
	if(FAILED(D3DXCreateFont(g_pd3dDevice, 72, 0, 0, 1, false, DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, 
													DEFAULT_QUALITY, 0, TEXT("微软雅黑"), &g_pFont)))
		return E_FAIL;
	srand(time(NULL));																				//初始化时间种子
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【顶点缓存使用步骤二】：创建顶点缓存
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	if(FAILED(g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(6 * sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX), 0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, 
		&g_pVertexBuffer, NULL)))
		return E_FAIL;
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【顶点缓存使用步骤三】：访问顶点缓存
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------	
	//顶点缓存数据的设置
	CUSTOMVERTEX vertices[] = 
	{
		//给顶点设置随机的颜色与位置
		{300.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256)},
		{500.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256)},
		{300.0f, 300.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256)},
		{300.0f, 300.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256)},
		{800.0f*rand()/(RAND_MAX+1), 600.0f*rand()/(RAND_MAX+1), 0.0f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256)},
		{800.0f*rand()/(RAND_MAX+1), 600.0f*rand()/(RAND_MAX+1), 0.0f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256)}
	};
	//填充顶点缓冲区
	void *pVertices = NULL;
	if(FAILED(g_pVertexBuffer->Lock(0, sizeof(vertices), &pVertices, 0)))
		return E_FAIL;
	memcpy(pVertices, vertices, sizeof(vertices));										//将vertices内容复制到pVertices
	g_pVertexBuffer->Unlock();
	
	g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, false);								//wq关闭背面消隐，使得绘出的三角形都可以显示

	return S_OK;
}

//----------------------------------------【Direct3D_Render（）函数】--------------------------------------------
//描述：使用Direct3D进行渲染
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void Direct3D_Render(HWND hWnd)
{
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D渲染步骤一】：清屏操作
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0);
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D渲染步骤二】：开始绘制
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();																				//开始绘制
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D渲染步骤三】：正式绘制
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SHADEMODE, D3DSHADE_GOURAUD); //对渲染状态进行设置 使用了高洛德模式， 效果好， 速度较慢。
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【顶点缓存使用步骤四】：绘制图形	
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX)); //把包含的集合体信息的顶点缓存与渲染流水线相关联
	g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);									//指定我们使用的灵活顶点格式的宏名称
	g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 2);						// 根据顶点缓存中的顶点来进行绘制

	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D渲染步骤四】：结束绘制
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();																				//结束绘制
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	//【Direct3D渲染步骤五】：显示翻转
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	g_pd3dDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);															//翻转与显示
}
//------------------------------------------------【 Direct3D_ClearUp函数】------------------------------------------
//描述：资源清理函数，在此函数中进行程序退出前资源的清理工作
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void Direct3D_ClearUp()
{
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pd3dDevice);
	//释放COM接口对象
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pFont);
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pVertexBuffer);
}