go语言映射与结构体

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映射与结构体

映射

    func main() {
        var mmp = map[string]int{}
        var mmp1 map[string]int
        var mmp2 = map[string]int{"id号": 001, "学号": 1510617123}
        fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%v  \n", mmp, mmp)
        fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%v \n", mmp1, mmp1)
        fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%v \n", mmp2, mmp2)

        //通过内建函数（builtin包）make
        mmp3 := make(map[string]int)
        fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%v,len=%d \n", mmp3, mmp3, len(mmp3))

        //值为任意类型，往里面填东西
        mmp4 := make(map[string]interface{})
        mmp4["name"] = "zzx"
        mmp4["marid"] = false
        mmp4["age"] = 23
        mmp4["sex"] = "男"
        mmp4["money"] = 0
        printmmp(mmp4)
        //删除键值对
        delete(mmp4, "marid")
        printmmp(mmp4)
        //修改键值对
        mmp4["money"] = 3000000000
        printmmp(mmp4)
        //获取（查询）值
        value, ok := mmp4["money"]
        if ok {
            fmt.Println(value)
        } else {
            fmt.Println("没有没有money，查你妹")
        }
        //遍历map
        for key, value := range mmp4 {
            fmt.Println(key, value)
        }

        }
        func printmmp(mmp map[string]interface{}) {
            fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%v \n", mmp, mmp)
        }

    type=map[string]int,value=map[]  
    type=map[string]int,value=map[] 
    type=map[string]int,value=map[学号:1510617123 id号:1] 
    type=map[string]int,value=map[],len=0 
    type=map[string]interface {},value=map[age:23 sex:男 money:0 name:zzx marid:false] 
    type=map[string]interface {},value=map[name:zzx age:23 sex:男 money:0] 
    type=map[string]interface {},value=map[name:zzx age:23 sex:男 money:3000000000] 
    3000000000
    name zzx
    age 23
    sex 男
    money 3000000000

结构体

//定义结构体
type book struct {
    name  string
    price float64
}

func main() {
    //创建对象直接对属性赋值
    b1 := book{"正统道藏", 888888}
    fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%#v \n", b1, b1)
    //创建空白对象，逐渐对属性赋值
    b2 := book{}
    fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%#v \n", b2, b2)
    b2.name = "法华经"
    b2.price = 34.5
    fmt.Printf("type=%T,value=%#v \n", b2, b2)
    show(b2)
    //创建bookPtr(book的指针),结构体指针给属性赋值的方式与结构体对象一样
    bookPtr := new(book)
    bookPtr.name = "圆觉经"
    bookPtr.price = 35
    fmt.Println(*bookPtr)
    show1(bookPtr)
}

//通过对象获取属性
func show(b book) {
    fmt.Println(b.name, b.price)
}

//通过指针获取属性
func show1(bPtr *book) {
    fmt.Println(bPtr.name, bPtr.price)
}

输出结果：

type=main.book,value=main.book{name:"正统道藏", price:888888} 
type=main.book,value=main.book{name:"", price:0} 
type=main.book,value=main.book{name:"法华经", price:34.5} 
法华经 34.5
{圆觉经 35}
圆觉经 35