C# 导出Excel的示例

Excel知识点。  
一、添加引用和命名空间 
添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel引用，它的默认路径是C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Visual Studio Tools for Office\PIA\Office12\Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll 
代码中添加引用using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel; 
二、Excel类的简单介绍 
此命名空间下关于Excel类的结构分别为： 
ApplicationClass - 就是我们的excel应用程序。 
Workbook - 就是我们平常见的一个个excel文件，经常是使用Workbooks类对其进行操作。 
Worksheet - 就是excel文件中的一个个sheet页。 
Worksheet.Cells[row, column] - 就是某行某列的单元格，注意这里的下标row和column都是从1开始的，跟我平常用的数组或集合的下标有所不同。 
知道了上述基本知识后，利用此类来操作excel就清晰了很多。 
三、Excel的操作 
任何操作Excel的动作首先肯定是用excel应用程序，首先要new一个ApplicationClass 实例，并在最后将此实例释放。 

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ApplicationClass xlsApp = new  ApplicationClass(); // 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。 if  (xlsApp == null ) { //对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel }

1. 打开现有的Excel文件 

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Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing); Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1] as  Worksheet; //第一个sheet页 mySheet.Name = "testsheet" ; //这里修改sheet名称

2.复制sheet页 

1	mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[1]); //复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个

注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。 
3.删除sheet页 

1 2	xlsApp.DisplayAlerts = false ; //如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。 (xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as  Worksheet).Delete();

4.选中sheet页 

1	(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as  Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing); //选中某个sheet页

5.另存excel文件 

1 2	workbook.Saved = true ; workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);

6.释放excel资源 

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workbook.Close( true , Type.Missing, Type.Missing); workbook = null ; xlsApp.Quit(); xlsApp = null ;

一般的我们传入一个DataTable生成Excel代码

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/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="dt"></param> protected  void  ExportExcel(DataTable dt) {      if  (dt == null ||dt.Rows.Count==0) return ;      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();        if  (xlApp == null )      {          return ;      }      System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;      System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new  System.Globalization.CultureInfo( "en-US" );      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;      long  totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;      long  rowRead = 0;      float  percent = 0;      for  ( int  i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)      {          worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;          range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];          range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;          range.Font.Bold = true ;      }      for  ( int  r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)      {          for  ( int  i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)          {              worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();          }          rowRead++;          percent = (( float )(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;      }      xlApp.Visible = true ; }

如果要在excel中插入图片，我们需要把代码加入一行即可，如下所示

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protected  void  ExportExcel(DataTable dt) {      if  (dt == null  || dt.Rows.Count == 0) return ;      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();        if  (xlApp == null )      {          return ;      }      System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;      System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new  System.Globalization.CultureInfo( "en-US" );      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];      Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;      long  totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;      long  rowRead = 0;      float  percent = 0;      for  ( int  i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)      {          worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;          range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];          range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;      }      for  ( int  r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)      {          for  ( int  i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)          {              try              {                  worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();              }              catch              {                  worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString().Replace( "=" , "" );              }          }          rowRead++;          percent = (( float )(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;      }            worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture( "C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif" , Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);      worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1, "123456" , "Red" , 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);      xlApp.Visible = true ; }

我们调用如下:

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public  void  GenerateExcel() {      DataTable dt = new  DataTable();      dt.Columns.Add( "Name" , typeof ( string ));      dt.Columns.Add( "Age" , typeof ( string ));      DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();      dr[ "Name" ] = "spring" ;      dr[ "Age" ] = "20" ;      dt.Rows.Add(dr);      dt.AcceptChanges();      ExportExcel(dt); }

运行结果如下所示:

其中如下代码的作用是

1	worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture( "C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif" , Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);

在Excel的指定位置加入图片

1	worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1, "123456" , "Red" , 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);

在Excel的指定位置加入文本框，和里面的内容.

我们可以这样来设计一个ExcelBase的基类:

先创建一个ExcelBE.cs：

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public  class  ExcelBE   {       private  int  _row = 0;       private  int  _col = 0;       private  string  _text = string .Empty;       private  string  _startCell = string .Empty;       private  string  _endCell = string .Empty;       private  string  _interiorColor = string .Empty;       private  bool  _isMerge = false ;       private  int  _size = 0;       private  string  _fontColor = string .Empty;       private  string  _format = string .Empty;         public  ExcelBE( int  row, int  col, string  text, string  startCell, string  endCell, string  interiorColor, bool  isMerge, int  size, string  fontColor, string  format)       {           _row = row;           _col = col;           _text = text;           _startCell = startCell;           _endCell = endCell;           _interiorColor = interiorColor;           _isMerge = isMerge;           _size = size;           _fontColor = fontColor;           _format = format;       }         public  ExcelBE()       { }         public  int  Row       {           get  { return  _row; }           set  { _row = value; }       }         public  int  Col       {           get  { return  _col; }           set  { _col = value; }       }         public  string  Text       {           get  { return  _text; }           set  { _text = value; }       }         public  string  StartCell       {           get  { return  _startCell; }           set  { _startCell = value; }       }         public  string  EndCell       {           get  { return  _endCell; }           set  { _endCell = value; }       }         public  string  InteriorColor       {           get  { return  _interiorColor; }           set  { _interiorColor = value; }       }         public  bool  IsMerge       {           get  { return  _isMerge; }           set  { _isMerge = value; }       }         public  int  Size       {           get  { return  _size; }           set  { _size = value; }       }         public  string  FontColor       {           get  { return  _fontColor; }           set  { _fontColor = value; }       }         public  string  Formart       {           get  { return  _format; }           set  { _format = value; }       }     }

接下来创建ExcelBase.cs:

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public  class  ExcelBase {      private  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = null ;      private  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null ;      private  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = null ;      private  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range workSheet_range = null ;        public  ExcelBase()      {          createDoc();      }        public  void  createDoc()      {          try          {              app = new  Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();              app.Visible = true ;              workbook = app.Workbooks.Add(1);              worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Sheets[1];          }          catch  (Exception e)          {              Console.Write( "Error" );          }          finally          {          }      }        public  void  InsertData(ExcelBE be)      {          worksheet.Cells[be.Row, be.Col] = be.Text;          workSheet_range = worksheet.get_Range(be.StartCell, be.EndCell);          workSheet_range.MergeCells = be.IsMerge;          workSheet_range.Interior.Color = GetColorValue(be.InteriorColor);          workSheet_range.Borders.Color = System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();          workSheet_range.ColumnWidth = be.Size;          workSheet_range.Font.Color = string .IsNullOrEmpty(be.FontColor) ? System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb() : System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();          workSheet_range.NumberFormat = be.Formart;      }        private  int  GetColorValue( string  interiorColor)      {          switch  (interiorColor)          {              case  "YELLOW" :                  return  System.Drawing.Color.Yellow.ToArgb();              case  "GRAY" :                  return  System.Drawing.Color.Gray.ToArgb();              case  "GAINSBORO" :                  return  System.Drawing.Color.Gainsboro.ToArgb();              case  "Turquoise" :                  return  System.Drawing.Color.Turquoise.ToArgb();              case  "PeachPuff" :                  return  System.Drawing.Color.PeachPuff.ToArgb();                default :                  return  System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();          }      } }

调用的代码如下:

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private  void  btnRun_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e) {      ExcelBase excel = new  ExcelBase();      //creates the main header      ExcelBE be = null ;      be = new  ExcelBE (5, 2, "Total of Products" , "B5" , "D5" , "YELLOW" , true , 10, "n" , null );      excel.InsertData(be);      //creates subheaders      be = new  ExcelBE (6, 2, "Sold Product" , "B6" , "B6" , "GRAY" , true , 10, "" , null );      excel.InsertData(be);      be= new  ExcelBE(6, 3, "" , "C6" , "C6" , "GRAY" , true , 10, "" , null );      excel.InsertData(be);      be= new  ExcelBE (6, 4, "Initial Total" , "D6" , "D6" , "GRAY" , true , 10, "" , null );      excel.InsertData(be);      //add Data to cells      be= new  ExcelBE (7, 2, "114287" , "B7" , "B7" , null , false ,10, "" , "#,##0" );      excel.InsertData(be);      be= new  ExcelBE (7, 3, "" , "C7" , "C7" , null , false ,10, "" , null );      excel.InsertData(be);      be = new  ExcelBE(7, 4, "129121" , "D7" , "D7" , null , false , 10, "" , "#,##0" );      excel.InsertData(be);      //add percentage row      be = new  ExcelBE(8, 2, "" , "B8" , "B8" , null , false , 10, "" , "" );      excel.InsertData(be);      be = new  ExcelBE(8, 3, "=B7/D7" , "C8" , "C8" , null , false , 10, "" , "0.0%" );      excel.InsertData(be);      be = new  ExcelBE(8, 4, "" , "D8" , "D8" , null , false , 10, "" , "" );      excel.InsertData(be);      //add empty divider      be = new  ExcelBE(9, 2, "" , "B9" , "D9" , "GAINSBORO" , true , 10, "" , null );      excel.InsertData(be);     }

结果如下图所示：