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原创性声明
本文作者：小竹zz 本文地址http://blog.csdn.net/zhujunxxxxx/article/details/44258719 转载请注明出处
文章系列目录
C#网络编程系列文章(一)之Socket实现异步TCP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(二)之Socket实现同步TCP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(三)之TcpListener实现异步TCP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(四)之TcpListener实现同步TCP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(五)之Socket实现异步UDP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(六)之Socket实现同步UDP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(七)之UdpClient实现异步UDP服务器
C#网络编程系列文章(八)之UdpClient实现同步UDP服务器
本文介绍
在.Net中，System.Net.Sockets 命名空间为需要严密控制网络访问的开发人员提供了 Windows Sockets (Winsock) 接口的托管实现。System.Net 命名空间中的所有其他网络访问类都建立在该套接字Socket实现之上，如TCPClient、TCPListener 和 UDPClient 类封装有关创建到 Internet 的 TCP 和 UDP 连接的详细信息；NetworkStream类则提供用于网络访问的基础数据流等，常见的许多Internet服务都可以见到Socket的踪影，如Telnet、Http、Email、Echo等，这些服务尽管通讯协议Protocol的定义不同，但是其基础的传输都是采用的Socket。 其实，Socket可以象流Stream一样被视为一个数据通道，这个通道架设在应用程序端（客户端）和远程服务器端之间，而后，数据的读取（接收）和写入（发送）均针对这个通道来进行。可见，在应用程序端或者服务器端创建了Socket对象之后，就可以使用Send/SentTo方法将数据发送到连接的Socket,或者使用Receive/ReceiveFrom方法接收来自连接Socket的数据；
针对Socket编程，.NET 框架的 Socket 类是 Winsock32 API 提供的套接字服务的托管代码版本。其中为实现网络编程提供了大量的方法，大多数情况下，Socket 类方法只是将数据封送到它们的本机 Win32 副本中并处理任何必要的安全检查。如果你熟悉Winsock API函数，那么用Socket类编写网络程序会非常容易，当然，如果你不曾接触过，也不会太困难，跟随下面的解说，你会发觉使用Socket类开发windows 网络应用程序原来有规可寻，它们在大多数情况下遵循大致相同的步骤。
本节介绍使用Socket来实现一个同步的UDP服务器。
Socket同步UDP服务器
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
namespace NetFrame.Net.UDP.Sock.Synchronous
{
/// <summary>
/// Socket 实现同步UDP服务器
/// </summary>
public class SocketUDPServer
{
#region Fields
/// <summary>
/// 服务器程序允许的最大客户端连接数
/// </summary>
private int _maxClient;
/// <summary>
/// 当前的连接的客户端数
/// </summary>
private int _clientCount;
/// <summary>
/// 服务器使用的同步socket
/// </summary>
private Socket _serverSock;
/// <summary>
/// 客户端会话列表
/// </summary>
private List<SocketUDPState> _clients;
private bool disposed = false;
/// <summary>
/// 数据接受缓冲区
/// </summary>
private byte[] _recvBuffer;
#endregion
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// 服务器是否正在运行
/// </summary>
public bool IsRunning { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 监听的IP地址
/// </summary>
public IPAddress Address { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 监听的端口
/// </summary>
public int Port { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 通信使用的编码
/// </summary>
public Encoding Encoding { get; set; }
#endregion
#region 构造函数
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket UDP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
public SocketUDPServer(int listenPort)
: this(IPAddress.Any, listenPort,1024)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket UDP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="localEP">监听的终结点</param>
public SocketUDPServer(IPEndPoint localEP)
: this(localEP.Address, localEP.Port,1024)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket UDP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="localIPAddress">监听的IP地址</param>
/// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
/// <param name="maxClient">最大客户端数量</param>
public SocketUDPServer(IPAddress localIPAddress, int listenPort, int maxClient)
{
this.Address = localIPAddress;
this.Port = listenPort;
this.Encoding = Encoding.Default;
_maxClient = maxClient;
_clients = new List<SocketUDPState>();
_serverSock = new Socket(localIPAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
_recvBuffer=new byte[_serverSock.ReceiveBufferSize];
}
#endregion
#region Method
/// <summary>
/// 启动服务器
/// </summary>
/// <returns>异步TCP服务器</returns>
public void Start()
{
if (!IsRunning)
{
IsRunning = true;
_serverSock.Bind(new IPEndPoint(this.Address, this.Port));
//启动一个线程监听数据
new Thread(ReceiveData).Start();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 停止服务器
/// </summary>
public void Stop()
{
if (IsRunning)
{
IsRunning = false;
_serverSock.Close();
//TODO 关闭对所有客户端的连接
CloseAllClient();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 同步数据接收方法
/// </summary>
private void ReceiveData()
{
int len = -1;
EndPoint remote = null;
while (true)
{
try
{
len = _serverSock.ReceiveFrom(_recvBuffer, ref remote);
//if (!_clients.Contains(remote))
//{
// _clients.Add(remote);
//}
}
catch (Exception)
{
//TODO 异常处理操作
RaiseOtherException(null);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 同步发送数据
/// </summary>
public void Send(string msg, EndPoint clientip)
{
byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
try
{
_serverSock.SendTo(data, clientip);
//数据发送完成事件
RaiseCompletedSend(null);
}
catch (Exception)
{
//TODO 异常处理
RaiseOtherException(null);
}
}
#endregion
#region 事件
/// <summary>
/// 接收到数据事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<SocketUDPEventArgs> DataReceived;
private void RaiseDataReceived(SocketUDPState state)
{
if (DataReceived != null)
{
DataReceived(this, new SocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据发送完毕事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<SocketUDPEventArgs> CompletedSend;
/// <summary>
/// 触发数据发送完毕的事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaiseCompletedSend(SocketUDPState state)
{
if (CompletedSend != null)
{
CompletedSend(this, new SocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 网络错误事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<SocketUDPEventArgs> NetError;
/// <summary>
/// 触发网络错误事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaiseNetError(SocketUDPState state)
{
if (NetError != null)
{
NetError(this, new SocketUDPEventArgs(state));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 异常事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<SocketUDPEventArgs> OtherException;
/// <summary>
/// 触发异常事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state"></param>
private void RaiseOtherException(SocketUDPState state, string descrip)
{
if (OtherException != null)
{
OtherException(this, new SocketUDPEventArgs(descrip, state));
}
}
private void RaiseOtherException(SocketUDPState state)
{
RaiseOtherException(state, "");
}
#endregion
#region Close
/// <summary>
/// 关闭一个与客户端之间的会话
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state">需要关闭的客户端会话对象</param>
public void Close(SocketUDPState state)
{
if (state != null)
{
_clients.Remove(state);
_clientCount--;
//TODO 触发关闭事件
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭所有的客户端会话,与所有的客户端连接会断开
/// </summary>
public void CloseAllClient()
{
foreach (SocketUDPState client in _clients)
{
Close(client);
}
_clientCount = 0;
_clients.Clear();
}
#endregion
#region 释放
/// <summary>
/// Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing,
/// releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing"><c>true</c> to release
/// both managed and unmanaged resources; <c>false</c>
/// to release only unmanaged resources.</param>
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
try
{
Stop();
if (_serverSock != null)
{
_serverSock = null;
}
}
catch (SocketException)
{
//TODO
RaiseOtherException(null);
}
}
disposed = true;
}
}
#endregion
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
namespace NetFrame.Net.UDP.Sock.Synchronous
{
public class SocketUDPState
{
// Client socket.
public Socket workSocket = null;
// Size of receive buffer.
public const int BufferSize = 1024;
// Receive buffer.
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
// Received data string.
public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
public EndPoint remote = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
}
}
服务器事件参数类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace NetFrame.Net.UDP.Sock.Synchronous
{
/// <summary>
/// Socket实现同步UDP服务器
/// </summary>
public class SocketUDPEventArgs:EventArgs
{
/// <summary>
/// 提示信息
/// </summary>
public string _msg;
/// <summary>
/// 客户端状态封装类
/// </summary>
public SocketUDPState _state;
/// <summary>
/// 是否已经处理过了
/// </summary>
public bool IsHandled { get; set; }
public SocketUDPEventArgs(string msg)
{
this._msg = msg;
IsHandled = false;
}
public SocketUDPEventArgs(SocketUDPState state)
{
this._state = state;
IsHandled = false;
}
public SocketUDPEventArgs(string msg, SocketUDPState state)
{
this._msg = msg;
this._state = state;
IsHandled = false;
}
}
}