2018-09-08

11.1 LAMP架构介绍

• Linux+Apache(httpd)+MySQL+PHP
• 三个服务可以在一台机器、也可以分开（httpd和PHP要在一起）

11.2 MySQL、MariaDB介绍

• MySQL是一个关系型数据库，由mysql ab公司开发，mysql在2008年被sun公司收购（10亿刀），2009年sun公司被oracle公司收购（74亿刀）
• MySQL官网https://www.mysql.com 最新版本5.7GA/8.0DMR
• MySQL5.6变化比较大，5.7性能上有很大提升
• Mariadb为MySQL的一个分支，官网https://mariadb.com/最新版本10.2
• MariaDB主要由SkySQL公司(现更名为MariaDB公司)维护,SkySQL公司由MySQL原作者带领大部分原班人马创立.
• Mariadb5.5版本对应MySQL的5.5，10.0对应MySQL5.6
• Community 社区版本，Enterprise 企业版，GA（Generally Available)指通用版本，在生产环境中用的，DMR（Development Milestone Release)开发里程碑发布版，RC（Release Candidate)发行候选版本，Beta开放测试版本，Alpha内部测试版本

11.3/11.4/11.5 MySQL安装

二进制免编译包安装

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# ls
mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar xzvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost src]# ls /usr/local/mysql/
bin  COPYING  data  docs  include  lib  man  mysql-test  README  scripts  share  sql-bench  support-files
[root@localhost src]# useradd mysql
[root@localhost src]# mkdir /data/
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# echo $?
0
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

11.6 MariaDB安装

二进制免编译包安装

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb//mariadb-10.3.9/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.3.9-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# ls
mariadb-10.3.9-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar xzvf mariadb-10.3.9-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# mv mariadb-10.3.9-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
[root@localhost src]# ls /usr/local/mariadb/
bin                 CREDITS  EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT  lib         README.md     share
COPYING             data     include            man         README-wsrep  sql-bench
COPYING.thirdparty  docs     INSTALL-BINARY     mysql-test  scripts       support-files
[root@localhost src]# useradd mysql
[root@localhost src]# mkdir /data/
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/
[root@localhost mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadb
[root@localhost mariadb]# echo $?
0
[root@localhost mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/mariadb.my.cnf
[root@localhost mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[root@localhost mariadb]# vim /etc/mariadb.my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mariadb
datadir = /data/mariadb
socket = /tmp/mariadb.sock

[root@localhost mariadb]# vim /etc/init.d/mariadb
basedir=/usr/local/mariadb
datadir=/data/mariadb
conf=/etc/mariadb.my.cnf
...
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$conf" --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" &

[root@localhost mariadb]# chkconfig --add mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# service mariadb start

11.7/11.8/11.9 Apache安装

apr和apr-util是一个通用的函数库，它让httpd可以不关心底层的操作系统平台，可以很方便地移植（从linux移植到windows）

[root@localhost src]# tar xzvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd apr-1.6.3/
[root@localhost apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.6.3]# make
[root@localhost apr-1.6.3]# make install
[root@localhost src]# tar xzvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd apr-util-1.6.1/
[root@localhost src]# yum install expat-devel //fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install

httpd安装

[root@localhost src]# tar xzvf httpd-2.4.34.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd httpd-2.4.34/
[root@localhost src]# yum install pcre-devel //configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# make && make install
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.34]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -M //查看加载的模块

设置开机启动

[root@localhost apache2.4]# cp /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost apache2.4]# vim /etc/init.d/httpd 
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 70 30
# description: Apache
[root@localhost apache2.4]# chkconfig --add httpd

11.10/11.11/11.12 安装PHP5

[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.6.30
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc  --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# make && make install
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production  /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m //查看加载的模块
[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i //查看信息

11.13 安装PHP7

[root@localhost src]# tar jxf php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# cd php-7.1.6
[root@localhost php-7.1.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc  --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
[root@localhost php-7.1.6]# make && make install
[root@localhost php-7.1.6]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so
[root@localhost php-7.1.6]# cp php.ini-production  /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini

11.14/11.15 Apache和PHP结合

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
ServerName
Require all denied
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t //测试语法
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start //启动服务
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lntp 
[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/htodcs/test.php //增加如下内容
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost/test.php