版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/lyxuefeng/article/details/82284822
第一步:静态布局
轮播图组成部分:图片,底部圆点,左右箭头
思路:
整体容器为box盒子,用ul包含七张图片(注意ul宽度需略大于等于七张图片总宽度,第一张和第七张用于替换),使用浮动横向排列;
使用定位布局底部圆点和左右箭头
具体代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>轮播图案例</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
ul,ol {
list-style: none;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #fff;
}
.box,.box li,.box img {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
}
.box {
margin: 100px auto;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.box .slider {
width: 700%;
position: absolute;
left: -600px;
top: 0;
}
.box ul li {
float: left;
}
.circle {
position: absolute;
height: 20px;
left: 280px;
bottom: 10px;
}
.circle li{
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 8px;
line-height: 16px;
text-align: center;
margin-left: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.arrow {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
background: rgba(0,0,0,.5);
color: #fff;
font-size: 24px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 30px;
}
.arrow:hover {
background: rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}
.prev {
left: 10px;
}
.next {
right: 10px;
}
.circle .current {
background-color: red;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<!-- 轮播图片 -->
<ul id="slider" class="slider">
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/2.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/3.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/4.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
</ul>
<!-- 底部小圆点 -->
<ol id="circle" class="circle">
<li class="current">1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
</ol>
<!-- 左右按钮 -->
<a href="javascript:;" id="prev" class="arrow prev"><</a>
<a href="javascript:;" id="next" class="arrow next">></a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
第二步:给左右小箭头添加滑动(切换)图片效果
动画效果原理参见JavaScript之动画原理
具体代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>轮播图案例</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
ul,ol {
list-style: none;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #fff;
}
.box,.box li,.box img {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
}
.box {
margin: 100px auto;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.box .slider {
width: 700%;
position: absolute;
/* left: -600px; */
top: 0;
}
.box ul li {
float: left;
}
.circle {
position: absolute;
height: 20px;
left: 280px;
bottom: 10px;
}
.circle li{
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 8px;
line-height: 16px;
text-align: center;
margin-left: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
float: left;
}
.arrow {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
background: rgba(0,0,0,.5);
color: #fff;
font-size: 24px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 30px;
}
.arrow:hover {
background: rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}
.prev {
left: 10px;
}
.next {
right: 10px;
}
.circle .current {
background-color: red;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<!-- 轮播图片 -->
<ul id="slider" class="slider" style="left:-600px;">
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/2.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/3.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/4.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
</ul>
<!-- 底部小圆点 -->
<ol id="circle" class="circle">
<li class="current">1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
</ol>
<!-- 左右按钮 -->
<a href="javascript:;" id="prev" class="arrow prev"><</a>
<a href="javascript:;" id="next" class="arrow next">></a>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var slider = document.getElementById("slider");
var circle = document.getElementById("circle");
var prev = document.getElementById("prev");
var next = document.getElementById("next");
var lis = circle.children;//小圆点
var iNow = 1;//记录当前是第几个小圆点;
//滑动函数
function animate(obj,offset){//对象,移动距离
clearInterval(obj.timer);
var timer = null;//用于存放定时器名称
var move = 15;//滑动(位移)次数
var speed = offset/move;//每次位移量,即步长
var target = slider.offsetLeft + offset;//目标值
var value = 0;//用于存放差值
obj.timer = setInterval(function(){
// console.log(slider.offsetLeft);
slider.style.left = slider.offsetLeft + speed + "px";
value = target - slider.offsetLeft;
if(Math.abs(value) < Math.abs(speed)){
//差值小于步长,直接移动差值的数值
slider.style.left = slider.offsetLeft + value + "px";
// console.log("animate:"+slider.offsetLeft);
if(slider.offsetLeft < -3000){//第七张图时跳转到第二张
slider.style.left = -600 + "px";
}else if(slider.offsetLeft > -600){//第一张图时跳转到第六张
slider.style.left = -3000 + "px";
}
clearInterval(obj.timer);//清空定时器
}
},20);
}
//左右小箭头切换
prev.onclick = function(){
animate(slider,600);//整个ul.slider盒子右移
}
next.onclick = function(){
animate(slider,-600);//整个ul.slider盒子左移
}
</script>
</html>
第三步:添加点击底部小圆点图片切换事件,和当前小圆点背景移动效果
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>轮播图案例</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
ul,ol {
list-style: none;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #fff;
}
.box,.box li,.box img {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
}
.box {
margin: 100px auto;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.box .slider {
width: 700%;
position: absolute;
/* left: -600px; */
top: 0;
}
.box ul li {
float: left;
}
.circle {
position: absolute;
height: 20px;
left: 280px;
bottom: 10px;
}
.circle li{
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 8px;
line-height: 16px;
text-align: center;
margin-left: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
float: left;
}
.arrow {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
background: rgba(0,0,0,.5);
color: #fff;
font-size: 24px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 30px;
}
.arrow:hover {
background: rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}
.prev {
left: 10px;
}
.next {
right: 10px;
}
.circle .current {
background-color: red;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<!-- 轮播图片 -->
<ul id="slider" class="slider" style="left:-600px;">
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/2.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/3.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/4.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
</ul>
<!-- 底部小圆点 -->
<ol id="circle" class="circle">
<li class="current">1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
</ol>
<!-- 左右按钮 -->
<a href="javascript:;" id="prev" class="arrow prev"><</a>
<a href="javascript:;" id="next" class="arrow next">></a>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var slider = document.getElementById("slider");
var circle = document.getElementById("circle");
var prev = document.getElementById("prev");
var next = document.getElementById("next");
var lis = circle.children;//小圆点
var iNow = 1;//记录当前是第几个小圆点;
//滑动函数
function animate(obj,offset){//对象,移动距离
clearInterval(obj.timer);
var timer = null;//用于存放定时器名称
var move = 15;//滑动(位移)次数
var speed = offset/move;//每次位移量,即步长
var target = slider.offsetLeft + offset;//目标值
var value = 0;//用于存放差值
obj.timer = setInterval(function(){
// console.log(slider.offsetLeft);
slider.style.left = slider.offsetLeft + speed + "px";
value = target - slider.offsetLeft;
if(Math.abs(value) < Math.abs(speed)){
//差值小于步长,直接移动差值的数值
slider.style.left = slider.offsetLeft + value + "px";
// console.log("animate:"+slider.offsetLeft);
if(slider.offsetLeft < -3000){//第七张图时跳转到第二张
slider.style.left = -600 + "px";
}else if(slider.offsetLeft > -600){//第一张图时跳转到第六张
slider.style.left = -3000 + "px";
}
clearInterval(obj.timer);//清空定时器
}
},20);
}
//左右小箭头切换
prev.onclick = function(){
if(iNow == 1){//当在第一个小圆点slider盒子右移时
iNow = 5;
}else{
iNow--;
}
showButton(iNow);
animate(slider,600);//整个ul.slider盒子右移
}
next.onclick = function(){
if(iNow == 5){
iNow = 1;
}else{
iNow++;
}
showButton(iNow);
animate(slider,-600);//整个ul.slider盒子左移
}
// 点击小圆点切换图片
for(var i=0;i<lis.length;i++){
lis[i].index = i+1;//赋予每个小圆点对应的索引值(从1~5)
lis[i].onclick = function(){
if(this.className == "current"){
return;//点击当前图片对应的小圆点无效
}
var offset = (iNow - this.index)*600;//通过当前小圆点的小圆点和鼠标经过的索引差值,得到移动距离,注意图片向右切换则slider盒子左移,反之同理;
animate(slider,offset);
iNow = this.index;//把鼠标经过的小圆点的索引赋给iNow
showButton(iNow);
}
}
//当前小圆点背景移动
function showButton(index){
for(var j=0;j<lis.length;j++){
lis[j].className = "";
}
lis[index-1].className = "current";//因为lis是伪数组,索引从0开始
}
</script>
</html>
第四步:添加鼠标经过轮播容器左右小箭头出现,鼠标离开隐藏效果
ccs部分添加:
.arrow {display:none;}
js部分添加:
//左右小箭头淡入淡出
box.onmouseover = function(){
prev.style.display = "block";
next.style.display = "block";
}
box.onmouseout = function(){
prev.style.display = "none";
next.style.display = "none";
}
第五步:添加自动轮播和鼠标经过停止轮播,离开继续轮播效果
最终代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>轮播图案例</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
ul,ol {
list-style: none;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #fff;
}
.box,.box li,.box img {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
}
.box {
margin: 100px auto;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.box .slider {
width: 700%;
position: absolute;
/* left: -600px; */
top: 0;
}
.box ul li {
float: left;
}
.circle {
position: absolute;
height: 20px;
left: 280px;
bottom: 10px;
}
.circle li{
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 8px;
line-height: 16px;
text-align: center;
margin-left: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
float: left;
}
.arrow {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
background: rgba(0,0,0,.5);
color: #fff;
font-size: 24px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 30px;
display: none;
}
.arrow:hover {
background: rgba(0,0,0,.3);
}
.prev {
left: 10px;
}
.next {
right: 10px;
}
.circle .current {
background-color: red;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<!-- 轮播图片 -->
<ul id="slider" class="slider" style="left:-600px;">
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/2.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/3.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/4.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/5.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
<li><img src="images/1.jpg" alt="pitture"></li>
</ul>
<!-- 底部小圆点 -->
<ol id="circle" class="circle">
<li class="current">1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
</ol>
<!-- 左右按钮 -->
<a href="javascript:;" id="prev" class="arrow prev"><</a>
<a href="javascript:;" id="next" class="arrow next">></a>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var slider = document.getElementById("slider");
var box = slider.parentNode;//整个轮播容器
var circle = document.getElementById("circle");
var prev = document.getElementById("prev");
var next = document.getElementById("next");
var lis = circle.children;//小圆点
var iNow = 1;//记录当前是第几个小圆点;
var timerTwo = null;//用于存放定时器(自动轮播)名称
//滑动函数
function animate(obj,offset){//对象,移动距离
clearInterval(obj.timer);
var timer = null;//用于存放定时器名称
var move = 15;//滑动(位移)次数
var speed = offset/move;//每次位移量,即步长
var target = slider.offsetLeft + offset;//目标值
var value = 0;//用于存放差值
obj.timer = setInterval(function(){
// console.log(slider.offsetLeft);
slider.style.left = slider.offsetLeft + speed + "px";
value = target - slider.offsetLeft;
if(Math.abs(value) < Math.abs(speed)){
//差值小于步长,直接移动差值的数值
slider.style.left = slider.offsetLeft + value + "px";
// console.log("animate:"+slider.offsetLeft);
if(slider.offsetLeft < -3000){//第七张图时跳转到第二张
slider.style.left = -600 + "px";
}else if(slider.offsetLeft > -600){//第一张图时跳转到第六张
slider.style.left = -3000 + "px";
}
clearInterval(obj.timer);//清空定时器
}
},20);
}
//左右小箭头切换
prev.onclick = function(){
if(iNow == 1){//当在第一个小圆点slider盒子右移时
iNow = 5;
}else{
iNow--;
}
showButton(iNow);
animate(slider,600);//整个ul.slider盒子右移
}
next.onclick = function(){
if(iNow == 5){
iNow = 1;
}else{
iNow++;
}
showButton(iNow);
animate(slider,-600);//整个ul.slider盒子左移
}
// 点击小圆点切换图片
for(var i=0;i<lis.length;i++){
lis[i].index = i+1;//赋予每个小圆点对应的索引值(从1~5)
lis[i].onclick = function(){
if(this.className == "current"){
return;//点击当前图片对应的小圆点无效
}
var offset = (iNow - this.index)*600;//通过当前小圆点的小圆点和鼠标经过的索引差值,得到移动距离,注意图片向右切换则slider盒子左移,反之同理;
animate(slider,offset);
iNow = this.index;//把鼠标经过的小圆点的索引赋给iNow
showButton(iNow);
}
}
//当前小圆点背景移动
function showButton(index){
for(var j=0;j<lis.length;j++){
lis[j].className = "";
}
lis[index-1].className = "current";//因为lis是伪数组,索引从0开始
}
//左右小箭头淡入淡出
box.onmouseover = function(){
prev.style.display = "block";
next.style.display = "block";
stopPlay();
}
box.onmouseout = function(){
prev.style.display = "none";
next.style.display = "none";
autoPlay();
}
//自动轮播
function autoPlay(){
timerTwo = setInterval(function(){
next.onclick();//每3秒执行一次点击右箭头效果
},3000);
}
function stopPlay(){
clearInterval(timerTwo);
}
autoPlay();//默认执行自动轮播
</script>
</html>
具体效果可见:轮播图