本文导读
- 本文承接《 Docker 在 CentOS 7.2 安装 与 卸载》
- 本文讲解 Docker 镜像操作 的常用指令
- docker Hub 官网：https://hub.docker.com/
| 操作 | 命令 | 说明 |
| 检索 | docker search 关键字 如：docker search redis |
经常会去docker hub上检索镜像的详细信息 |
| 拉取 | docker pull 镜像名:tag | :tag是可选的，tag表示标签，通常是软件的版本号，默认是 latest(即最新版) |
| 列表 | docker images | 查看所有本地镜像 |
| 删除 | docker rmi image-id | 删除指定的本地镜像 |
环境说明
- 安装成功的 Docker 1.13.1 版本
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-68.gitdded712.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: dded712/1.13.1
Built: Tue Jul 17 18:34:48 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Package version: docker-1.13.1-68.gitdded712.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: dded712/1.13.1
Built: Tue Jul 17 18:34:48 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
[root@localhost ~]#
- 如下所示 Docker 启动成功，没有启动时，使用 " systemctl start docker " 进行启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 三 2018-08-15 17:00:02 CST; 9h ago
Docs: http://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 2214 (dockerd-current)
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
├─2214 /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime=docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=...
└─2218 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /v...
8月 15 17:00:01 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:01.952790606+08:00" level=warning msg="overlay2: the backing xfs filesystem is format...
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.034887746+08:00" level=info msg="Graph migration to content-addressabilit... seconds"
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.035796852+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.045663475+08:00" level=info msg="Firewalld running: true"
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.331252711+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned wit... address"
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.453044453+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.466972306+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.466994298+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit="dded712/1.13.1" g...on=1.13.1
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
8月 15 17:00:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2214]: time="2018-08-15T17:00:02.472931587+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost ~]#镜像操作
检索云端镜像
- 使用 指令 docker search 关键字 可以检索 (搜索) Docker Hub 官网上提供的所有镜像，之后我们就可以下载需要的镜像
- 检索 " mysql "：[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
- 检索 " redis "：[root@localhost ~]# docker search redis
[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 6728 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of M... 2141 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea... 495 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL rela... 360 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql Zabbix Server with MySQL database support 114 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/hypriot/rpi-mysql RPi-compatible Docker Image with Mysql 93
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server ... 62 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li... 60 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 43 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 35
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. ... 33
docker.io docker.io/tutum/mysql Base docker image to run a MySQL database ... 32
docker.io docker.io/schickling/mysql-backup-s3 Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic back... 20 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 16 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql Zabbix proxy with MySQL database support 15 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/linuxserver/mysql A Mysql container, brought to you by Linux... 14
docker.io docker.io/centos/mysql-56-centos7 MySQL 5.6 SQL database server 9
docker.io docker.io/circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 6
docker.io docker.io/openshift/mysql-55-centos7 DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 ima... 6
docker.io docker.io/dsteinkopf/backup-all-mysql backup all DBs in a mysql server 4 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-router MySQL Router provides transparent routing ... 2
docker.io docker.io/openzipkin/zipkin-mysql Mirror of https://quay.io/repository/openz... 1
docker.io docker.io/ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/cloudfoundry/cf-mysql-ci Image used in CI of cf-mysql-release 0
docker.io docker.io/cloudposse/mysql Improved `mysql` service with support for ... 0 [OK]
[root@localhost ~]#
- INDEX：索引
- NAME：镜像名称
- DESCRIPTION：描述
- STARS：关注人数，单位为 k
- OFFICIAL：是否为官方发布)，[ok] 则表示此版本为官方发行版本
- AUTOMATED：是否自动配置，[ok] 则表示镜像已经自动配置好了，获取就能直接使用，否则需要自己手动配置
- 如上所示所有的搜索结果其实都是从 Docker Hub 上获取来的，所以我们自己也可以官网上直接查找
下载镜像
- 使用命令：dockerpull 镜像名:tag，可以从 Docker Hub 下载指定的镜像，“ :tag ” 不写时默认下载最新版本的镜像，也可以自己指定 tag 从而下载指定版本的镜像，tag 名称可以从 Docker Hub 上自己查看
[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 6728 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of M... 2141 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea... 495 [OK]
.......- 下载上面 NAME 为 docker.io/msql 镜像为例，使用 " docker pull mysql "即可下载， 前面的 " docker.io/" 可写可不写
- 如下所示没有提供 "tag" 时， “Using default tag: latest” 表示默认使用 "latest" 版本
- 下载成功之后，可以使用 " docker images " 查看本地下载好的所有镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql
be8881be8156: Pull complete
c3995dabd1d7: Pull complete
9931fdda3586: Pull complete
bb1b6b6eff6a: Pull complete
a65f125fa718: Pull complete
2d9f8dd09be2: Pull complete
37b912cb2afe: Pull complete
54242fcd8eaa: Pull complete
0a9d4d211511: Pull complete
270ae5bd02c2: Pull complete
9b55b8e72e70: Pull complete
68083f7985cd: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d39a8ab7679df309e7eff6ddba434ad5747cc2a2acee2d7c60d8221c9acedcad
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mysql:latest
[root@localhost ~]#
- 如下所示下载的是 docker.io/mysql 5.7 版本的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ...
5.7: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql
be8881be8156: Already exists
c3995dabd1d7: Already exists
9931fdda3586: Already exists
bb1b6b6eff6a: Already exists
a65f125fa718: Already exists
2d9f8dd09be2: Already exists
37b912cb2afe: Already exists
faf9da46e0cf: Pull complete
ffcedc9e8600: Pull complete
6e11f2447e86: Pull complete
02243b284270: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e25e2768e910223db3095c1560aa2255371986b24fbebf4b015bae3cc60b9b34
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mysql:5.7
[root@localhost ~]#
查看本地镜像
- 使用命令 docker images 查看本地下载好的所有镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/mysql 5.7 43b029b6b640 22 hours ago 372 MB
docker.io/mysql latest 29e0ae3b69b9 22 hours ago 484 MB
[root@localhost ~]#
REPOSITORY ：仓库，即下载的镜像名称
TAG：标识，通常为版本号
IMAGE ID：镜像id，删除时根据镜像id进行删除
CRREATED：镜像创建时间
SIZE：镜像大小
删除镜像
- 使用 docker rmi image-id 命令删除指定的本地镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/mysql 5.7 43b029b6b640 22 hours ago 372 MB
docker.io/mysql latest 29e0ae3b69b9 22 hours ago 484 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 43b029b6b640
Untagged: docker.io/mysql:5.7
Untagged: docker.io/mysql@sha256:e25e2768e910223db3095c1560aa2255371986b24fbebf4b015bae3cc60b9b34
Deleted: sha256:43b029b6b6406b40f1ba51b069980b5c14b701786830a41ebb489ad3bbf3d928
Deleted: sha256:e8793f33a59faabf48ec2b41dff592700651385fc2d0e4ddc2f7a6efbd0c03c3
Deleted: sha256:06f716d6d745ca2ab39f21f40ba757cbbd93b6189ca47030f4888442b9c2f9ca
Deleted: sha256:0c7d7ee852d955b7ec7353dc367b26ee59c029243e631fc31a53847bffe1852b
Deleted: sha256:35c70a35928fd6ce30c1495b9782b53b69fe0d023c35ad047072e4d7d388a753
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/mysql latest 29e0ae3b69b9 22 hours ago 484 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 29e0ae3b69b9
Untagged: docker.io/mysql:latest
Untagged: docker.io/mysql@sha256:d39a8ab7679df309e7eff6ddba434ad5747cc2a2acee2d7c60d8221c9acedcad
Deleted: sha256:29e0ae3b69b9031ab7d7fd3024057b9441d74c8244e583cfb48697109148ca71
Deleted: sha256:e510a8f0a60462d0280381e93018635f8986c308550dabce0be5249c3402c338
Deleted: sha256:7360cba3164f094ead4b968263cabeed376e7306ca6415c824d63ff7d2c22203
Deleted: sha256:e26ff419bf2626b93431acf08fc734cb88eed5dea413bd05965ba1c51dc9c671
Deleted: sha256:5b9acfeae5767ffb16ef495d68de01b750ac5efcf2af474d695b1fead7c2dabc
Deleted: sha256:3f55b1f8de59e6ba35f38376b4a7ee48ffbb32f23500d16400a18c6d59ad1803
Deleted: sha256:d8a947a6bf007b7b3f857fd157092aa938cc01780175eda5c300847f2758ba6f
Deleted: sha256:424c40c7a715a28330453b0ec3b5afc97caa851a56d365c65a97b583b733b81b
Deleted: sha256:202db300227b8c870b421aa0a0a11b44cb916401ef3a34bcc2a5efcb30a3ea78
Deleted: sha256:20f3dff2c1b6f8409b53e4e203132f7ebb2dfd7dc612d87e4a93302a5a8f5c1a
Deleted: sha256:3131a4917b53634699929d8ff7e2b2bd9469f3f5ab08daf41d1c6b90e0f18b44
Deleted: sha256:9996a15396359708cb2177cfdbe8fcb9f65124142edb9b1d3550f3eb87360676
Deleted: sha256:cdb3f9544e4c61d45da1ea44f7d92386639a052c620d1550376f22f5b46981af
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@localhost ~]#