原文翻译
6. Incentive
By convention, the first transaction in a block is a special transaction that starts a new coin owned by the creator of the block. This adds an incentive for nodes to support the network, and provides a way to initially distribute coins into circulation, since there is no central authority to issue them. The steady addition of a constant of amount of new coins is analogous to gold miners expending resources to add gold to circulation. In our case, it is CPU time and electricity that is expended.
The incentive can also be funded with transaction fees. If the output value of a transaction is less than its input value, the difference is a transaction fee that is added to the incentive value of the block containing the transaction. Once a predetermined number of coins have entered circulation, the incentive can transition entirely to transaction fees and be completely inflation free.
The incentive may help encourage nodes to stay honest. If a greedy attacker is able to assemble more CPU power than all the honest nodes, he would have to choose between using it to defraud people by stealing back his payments, or using it to generate new coins. He ought to find it more profitable to play by the rules, such rules that favour him with more new coins than everyone else combined, than to undermine the system and the validity of his own wealth.
6. 奖励机制
按照惯例，每个区块的第一笔交易都很特殊因为区块的创建者会在区块中的第一个交易里为自己创造新的比特币。这就激励了为网络提供支持的节点，鉴于没有中心来监管这件事，也提供了一条把币分发到流通系统的路径。稳定增加一定数量的新比特币的过程类似于黄金矿工花费资源为流通系统增加黄金。在我们的例子里，花费的资源是CPU工作时间和电能。
激励也可以通过交易费用得到，如果交易收入的值小于支出的值，差额就被添加到包含这个交易的区块的奖励值中。一旦预定数量的比特币进入流通，激励就可以完全转换为交易费用并且这样做完全没有通货膨胀的风险。
这样的激励机制也会促进节点保持可靠。如果一个贪婪的攻击者可以收集比所有诚实节点更多的CPU算力，他就会被迫在通过偷回他的付款骗人和用其生成新的货币之间作出选择。他会发现根据规则行事他会受益更多，这样的规则对他更有利，因为比起破坏系统和他自己的财富的有效性，他会获得比所有其他人加起来还要多的新比特币。
细节解读
《Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System》论文原文地址如下：https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
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