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直接 pip install opencv-python
参考：官方教程：https://docs.opencv.org/master/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html
Ubuntu14.04 OpenCV编译安装：http://blog.csdn.net/honyniu/article/details/46390097
Ubuntu 17.04系统下源码编译安装opencv的步骤详解：http://www.jb51.net/article/121882.htm
The followingsteps have been tested for Ubuntu 10.04 but should work with other distros aswell.
Required Packages
- GCC 4.4.x or later
- CMake 2.8.7 or higher
- Git
- GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
- pkg-config
- Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
- ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
- [optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
- [optional] libdc1394 2.x
- [optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev
- [optional] CUDA Toolkit 6.5 or higher
The packages canbe installed using a terminal and the following commands or by using SynapticManager:
[compiler] sudo apt-get installbuild-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake gitlibgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-devpython-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-devlibjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
检查numpy是否安装成功
Getting OpenCV Source Code
You can use thelatest stable OpenCV version or you can grab the latest snapshot from our Git repository.
Getting the Latest Stable OpenCV Version
- Go to our downloads page.
- Download the source archive and unpack it.
Getting the Cutting-edge OpenCV from the GitRepository
Launch Git clientand clone OpenCVrepository. If you need modules from OpenCV contrib repository thenclone it as well.
For example
cd ~/<my_working_directory>
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
git clonehttps://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
Building OpenCV from Source Using CMake
- Create a temporary directory, which we denote as <cmake_build_dir>, where you want to put the generated Makefiles, project files as well the object files and output binaries and enter there.
For example
cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build
- Configuring. Run cmake [<some optional parameters>] <path to the OpenCV source directory>
For example
cmake-gui..
出现下面的界面，更改设置，
然后在 Whereis the source code中添加opencv 的目录路径，在where to build the binaries中添加刚才新建的build目录
然后点击下面的Configure,选择 UnixMakefiles,然后选择default ...。点击OK，从而处理 opencv目录下的CMakeLists.txt。并且在Build 目录下生成CMakeCache.txt及Makefile 等相关文件。
Configure配置结束后，将会出现类似以下配置界面
以下是需要修改的部分
- CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE 修改为 RELEASE
2. OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH设为 opencv_contrib中的 modules 目录的路径（比如，/home/arvin/opencv_contrib/modules）
3. 在 BUILD_EXAMPLES的复选框里打勾
4. 在INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES的复选框里打勾
5. 在INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES的复选框里打勾
6. 在 WITH_FFMPEG的复选框里打勾
7. 在 WITH_GTK的复选框里打勾
8. 在 WITH_V4L的复选框里打勾
9. 在 WITH_TIFF的复选框里打勾
10. 在 WITH_PNG 的复选框里打勾
11. 在 WITH_JPEG 的复选框里打勾
12. 在 WITH_JASPER 的复选框里打勾
13. 取消 WITH_CUDA 的复选框里的勾
14. 取消 WITH_CUFFT 的复选框里的勾
然后点击Configure，应用刚才的修改并且将修改内容更新至 build目录下的 CMakeCache.txt中。然后点击 Generate，更新 Makefile。
Build. From builddirectory execute make, it is recommended to do this in severalthreads
For example
make -j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel
Toinstall libraries, execute the following command from build directory
sudo make install
环境变量
安装成功后还需要设置opencv的环境变量
打开文件
sudo gedit /etc/profile##个人比较喜欢把环境变量放在/etc/profile里面，'～/.bashrc'一样
· 1
在文件最后添加
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
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执行下列命令, 使环境变量立即生效
source /etc/profile
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打开文件
sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
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一般是新建文件，opencv的库一般安装在’/usr/local/lib’文件夹下，在文件内添加
/usr/local/lib
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执行下列命令使之立刻生效
sudo ldconfig
测试环境是否配置成功
# 在命令行打开你的python解释器，输入以下命令
import cv2
cv2.__version__
# 若看到类似以下输出，则表示配置成功
'3.4.0-dev'
python3.5不行，怎么配置？
如果将默认的python先改成python3.5，再安装opencv，是不是opencv就装在python3.5里了呢？