实验环境：两个MySQL实例
IP地址:10.0.0.201 端口:3306 (MySQL的Master)
IP地址:10.0.0.201 端口:3307 (MySQL的Slave）
需要的参数
•server_id: 每个MySQL实例的server_id必须不一样。
•log-bin:MySQL开启binglog日志。
•gtid_mode=ON : MySQL开启GTID模式。
•enforce-gtid-consistency=true :保证GTID的数据一致性。
•log_slave_updates=1:Slave接收来自Master的更新操作日志，并记录至Slave的binlog日志中。可以完成级联复制
•binlog_format= row:基于行格式，保证数据的一致。
•skip-slave-start=1:保证Slave数据库启动的时候，slave不会自动启动(可以手动来启动 start slave)
步骤:
1.my.cnf的参数配置如下:
•Master(3306)的配置
server-id = 1203306
log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin
#*********** GTID settting*******************
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
binlog_format= row
skip-slave-start=1
log_slave_updates = 1
•Slave(3307)的配置
server-id = 1203307
log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3307/binlog/mysql-bin
#*********** GTID settting*******************
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
binlog_format= row
skip-slave-start=1
log_slave_updates = 1
2.为Replication创建一个用户
在master上，配置一个新用户，可以让slaves数据库能权限访问master数据库
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'10.0.0.201' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl@3307';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'10.0.0.201';
3.保证Master数据库的数据一致性，设置为只读
mysql> SET @@global.read_only = ON;
3.备份Master数据库的数据
master导出备份
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p'zsd@7101' -S /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock --all-databases --triggers --routines --events --flush-logs --single-transaction -e --default-character-set=utf8 | gzip > mysql_3306_full_backup_`date +%F`.sql.gz
参数详解:
•all-databases: --all-databases, -A。备份所有数据库的所有表。。
•triggers:备份所有触发器。
•routines: 备份所有存储过程和函数。
•events :数据库的事件。
•flush-logs:在数据dump之前，刷新数据库的日志。
•single-transaction:服务器dump之前，发起一个BEGIN SQL的语句， START TRANSACTION 放进一个事务里面，保证数据的一致性，防止锁表。
•default-character-set=utf8:保证导出的字符集为UTF8
•extended-insert:-e 产生一个相对来说较小的dump文件，加速导入数据库时，插入数据的速度。加快数据库的恢复。
slave导入备份
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'zsd@3307' -S /data/mysqldata/3307/mysql.sock --default-character-set=utf8 < mysql_3306_full_backup_2018-06-01.sql
5.SLAVE追日志,完成复制操作
•抽象语句
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
> MASTER_HOST = host,
> MASTER_PORT = port,
> MASTER_USER = user,
> MASTER_PASSWORD = password,
> MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
•实战语句
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '10.0.0.201',MASTER_PORT = 3306,MASTER_USER = 'repl',MASTER_PASSWORD = 'repl@3307',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
6.启动Slave
mysql> START SLAVE;
7.查看slave状态
(root@localhost) [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.201
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1658
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 1832
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1658
Relay_Log_Space: 2034
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1203306
Master_UUID: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24:27-32
Executed_Gtid_Set: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24:1-32,
e60a3353-6567-11e8-b305-005056af6f24:1-2
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
8.Master数据库，关闭只读
mysql> SET @@global.read_only = OFF;
知识点:完全删除replication的拓扑结构
(root@localhost) [(none)]> stop slave;
(root@localhost) [(none)]> RESET SLAVE ALL;