基于GTID的MySQL主从配置

版权声明：未经本人允许严禁转载 https://blog.csdn.net/WanJiaBaoBao/article/details/83994880

GTID原理

配置环境

• 已关闭防火墙、selinux；
• MySQL安装步骤请参照MySQL二进制包安装；
• 所用IP地址如下：

IP地址	角色	安装项目
192.168.91.133	master	MySQL
192.168.91.134	slave	MySQL

配置步骤

• 编辑主（master）/etc/my.cnf配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
......
##bin log
server-id=1
log-bin=master-bin
binlog-format=row
log-slave-updates=1

##gtid
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=on

##relay log
skip-slave-start=1

• 编辑从（salve）/etc/my.cnf配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
......
## bin log
server-id=2
log-bin=slave-bin
binlog-format=row
log-slave-updates=1

##gtid
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=on

##relay log
skip-slave-start=1

• 登录主（master）和从（slave）服务器，创建同步用户并授权

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.91.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 重新启动主服务器，并查看主的master状态

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e "show master status"
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
[root@localhost ~]# 

• 重新启动从服务器，并查看从的master状态

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e "show master status"
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| slave-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

• 在从（slave）服务器上配置同步，并开启同步

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.91.133',
    -> MASTER_USER='repl',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
    -> MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

• 查看从（slave）服务器同步的服务状态

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.91.133
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 369
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
              Relay_Log_Space: 580
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: f67a09f1-e624-11e8-b3ac-000c29405190
             Master_Info_File: /opt/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 1
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 

• 在主（master）服务器上设置同步配置，并开启同步

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.91.134',
    -> MASTER_USER='repl',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
    -> MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 查看主（master）服务器同步状态

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.91.134
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: slave-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 367
        Relay_Master_Log_File: slave-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
              Relay_Log_Space: 578
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 2
                  Master_UUID: f83b6831-e624-11e8-9d20-005056337520
             Master_Info_File: /opt/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 1
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version:

---

测试

• 在主（master）服务器上创建数据库进行测试

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-在从（slave）服务器上查看

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

• 查看主（master）服务器的master状态

mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                      |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |      313 |              |                  | f67a09f1-e624-11e8-b3ac-000c29405190:1 |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

• 在从（slave）服务器上删除刚刚创建的数据库

mysql> drop database test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

• 在主（master）服务器上进行查看

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

• 查看从（slave）服务器的master状态

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                                                              |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| slave-bin.000001 |      463 |              |                  | f67a09f1-e624-11e8-b3ac-000c29405190:1,f83b6831-e624-11e8-9d20-005056337520:1  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)