1 实验环境
A主机：master IP：192.168.1.138 MYSQL:# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.33
B主机：slave IP：192.168.1.9 MYSQL:# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.33
注意:mysql数据库的版本，两个数据库版本要相同，或者slave比master版本低！
2 mysql5.6.33 安装：
1 下载mysql的rpm安装包
[root@localhost mysql]
# ls
MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
2 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）
[root@localhost mysql]
# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
[root@localhost mysql]
#
[root@localhost mysql]
# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA
/SHA1
Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
net-tools is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64
[root@localhost mysql]
# yum -y install net-tools
[root@localhost mysql]
# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
file
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7
.xml from
install
of MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with
file
from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
如果报错，就是删除mariadb的包)
[root@localhost mysql]
# yum remove mariadb-libs
[root@localhost mysql]
# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]
# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]
# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]
# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]
# mkdir /mysqldata
[root@localhost mysql]
# chown mysql:mysql /mysqldata
[root@localhost mysql]
# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost mysql]
# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Tue Mar 21 01:12:42 2017 (local time): a64DA4mpLbeCaydf (5.6安装的默认密码不在是空，而是随机密码，自己要修改)
root@localhost mysql]
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
[root@localhost mysql]
# mysql -uroot -pa64DA4mpLbeCaydf
mysql>
set
password = password(
'123456'
); 修改root的密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
exit
[root@localhost mysql]
# mysql -uroot -p123456
2.1 修改数据的data目录，配置服务器的my.cnf文件：（如果需要修改datadir，请注意SELinux和目录是否有mysql用户的权限）
/var/lib/mysql/
#数据库目录
/usr/share/mysql
#配置文件目录
/usr/bin
#相关命令目录
/etc/init
.d
/mysql
#启动脚本
#mkdir -p /mysql/data
#chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/data
#cp -ar /var/lib/mysql/* /mysql/data/
#vim /etc/my.cnf
datadir =
/mysqldata/data
port = 3306
socket =
/mysqldata/data/mysql
.sock
[root@localhost mysql]
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
改了datadir和socket，重启成功，但是连接报错
[root@localhost mysql]
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can
't connect to local MySQL server through socket '
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
.sock' (2)
[root@localhost mysql]
# ss -tnlp | grep 3306
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
users
:((
"mysqld"
,pid=9413,fd=10))
这个时候在配置文件中加以下配置：
[client]
socket =
/mysqldata/data/mysql
.sock
[root@localhost mysqldata]
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
3 在主服务器为从服务器设置一个连接账户，该账号必须授予REPLICATION SLAVE权限。
如果账户仅用于复制(推荐这样做),则不需要再授予其它任何权限。
# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to
'user'
@
'slave_ip'
identified by
'123456'
;
#mysql>grant file on *.* to 'user'@'slave_ip' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql password';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| apacex |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
|
test
|
+--------------------+
创建一个测试数据库test1：
mysql> create database test1;
mysql> use test1;
mysql> create table
users
(
id
int NOT NULL,name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL);
mysql> insert into
users
values(1,
"user1"
);
mysql> insert into
users
values(2,
"user3"
);
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql>
select
* from
users
;
+----+-------+
|
id
| name |
+----+-------+
| 1 | user1 |
| 2 | user3 |
+----+-------+
3.1 编辑主配置文件my.cnf
server_id = 1
#server-id用于标识唯一的数据库，这里设置为1
character_set_server = utf8
max_connections = 3000
skip-name-resolve
slow_query_log = TRUE
slow_query_log_file =
/home/db/slow
.log
long_query_time = 5
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = ROW
binlog-
do
-db = xxx
##可以被从服务器复制的库。
# binlog-ignore-db = yyy 不可以被从服务器复制的库
innodb_file_per_table = OFF
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 600
max_connect_errors = 6000
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 1
# touch /mysql/data/slow.log
# chown mysql:mysql /mysql/data/slow.log
[root@localhost data]
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
登陆mysql，查看主的状态；
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 120 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
4 配置从服务器：
vim
/etc/my
.cnf
character_set_server = utf8
max_connections = 3000
skip-name-resolve
slow_query_log = TRUE
slow_query_log_file =
/home/db/slow
.log
long_query_time = 5
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = ROW
innodb_file_per_table = OFF
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 600
max_connect_errors = 6000
server_id = 2
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 2
replicate-
do
-db = test1 要接收的库
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL..^[[A. SUCCESS!
# mysql -uroot -p123456
change master to master_host=
'192.168.1.28'
,master_user=
'root'
,master_password=
'abc-123'
,master_log_file=
'mysql-bin.000001'
, master_log_pos=120;
mysql> start slave;
#开启Slave
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting
for
master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.28
Master_User: hm
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: students
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_Space: 460
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 71a3a3a2-0d99-11e7-b0de-000c290c49b2
Master_Info_File:
/mysql/data/master
.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has
read
all relay log; waiting
for
the slave I
/O
thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row
in
set
(0.13 sec)
5 测试：
主：
mysql> use students;
Reading table information
for
completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> insert into
users
values (3,
"c"
);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
select
* from
users
;
+----+------+
|
id
| name |
+----+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
+----+------+
3 rows
in
set
(0.00 sec)
看从库：
mysql> use students;
Reading table information
for
completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>
select
* from
users
;
+----+------+
|
id
| name |
+----+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
+----+------+
3 rows
in
set
(0.00 sec)
到此为止主从就做好了，现开始做主主了：
1 在原从服务器上授权：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to
'hm100'
@
'192.168.1.28'
identified by
'123456'
;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
1.1 编辑配置文件
binlog-
do
-db = students 加要同步的数据库
1.2 重启
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000007 | 120 | students | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row
in
set
(0.00 sec)
2 在原主上添加：
vim
/etc/my
.cnf
添加：
replicate-
do
-db = xxx 要接收的库
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
mysql -uroot -p
mysql> change master to master_host=
'192.168.1.166'
,master_user=
'hm100'
,master_password=
'abc-123'
,master_log_file=
'mysql-bin.000007'
, master_log_pos=120;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting
for
master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.166
Master_User: hm100
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: shudents
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
......
3 测试：
在原从上添加数据：
mysql> use students;
mysql>
select
* from
users
;
+----+------+
|
id
| name |
+----+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
+----+------+
mysql> use students;
mysql> insert into
users
values (7,
"g"
);
mysql>
select
* from
users
;
+----+------+
|
id
| name |
+----+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
| 7 | g |
+----+------+
看原主
mysql>
select
* from
users
;
+----+------+
|
id
| name |
+----+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
| 7 | g |
+----+------+
到此就实现了主主。
注意：
在mysql5.6之后不用指定以下，不然会出现报错：
master-host=192.168.1.1 #Master的主机IP master-user=root master-password=mysql password #Master的MySQL密码 Shutting down MySQL... SUCCESS! Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysqldb/xxx.pid)