树莓派安装opencv3

一、更新系统

sudo apt-get update  
sudo apt-get upgrade  
sudo rpi-update
#重启系统  
sudo reboot

二、安装依赖库及程序

sudo apt-get -y install build-essential git cmake pkg-config  
sudo apt-get -y install libjpeg8-dev  
sudo apt-get -y install libtiff5-dev  
sudo apt-get -y install libjasper-dev  
sudo apt-get -y install libpng12-dev  
sudo apt-get -y install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev  
sudo apt-get -y install libgtk2.0-dev  
sudo apt-get -y install libatlas-base-dev gfortran 
sudo apt-get -y install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev

三、安装更新PYTHON及运行环境

sudo apt-get -y install python2.7-dev python3-dev
sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper 
sudo rm -rf ~/.cache/pip
vim ~/.profile   #将以下内容更新到文件末尾

export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
:wq
#保存退出

#重新加载.profile
source ~/.profile

#创建PYTHON虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv cv
#进入虚拟后，在此环境下安装numpy
workon cv 
pip install numpy

四、下载、编译安装opencv

#在opencv官网下载最新版源码（成文时最新版为3.3，但编译时有问题，可以下载低一些的稳定版）
#要确保opencv和opencv_contrib版本一致，否则会导致编译失败。
wget -o opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.3.0.zip 
unzip opencv.zip
wget -o opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/master.zip
unzip opencv_contrib.zip

#预编译
cd ~/opencv  
mkdir build  
cd build  
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
    -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
    -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib-master/modules \
    -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..

#编译opencv，在树莓派3中建议加上-j4参数，这样编译速度能快一点。
make -j4

#编译完后安装及配置
sudo make install  
sudo ldconfig

五、部署到PYTHON系统库

#python2.7
cd ~/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cv2.so cv2.so


#python 3.0
cd /usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/
sudo mv cv2.cpython-34m.so cv2.so
cd ~/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/cv2.so cv2.so

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