兔奔的笔记1

如何用Python实现一个不可修改的字典

• 继承collections的UserDict
• 重写可以修改字典键值的方法，并抛出异常
  
  

import collections


class ImmutableDict(collections.UserDict):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ImmutableDict, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if key in self.keys():
            raise TypeError('Fuck! Immutable dict!')
        else:
            self.data[key] = value

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        if key in self.keys():
            raise TypeError('Fuck! Immutable dict!')
        else:
            raise KeyError

UserDict类的源码：

class UserDict(MutableMapping):
    # Start by filling-out the abstract methods
    def __init__(*args, **kwargs):
        if not args:
            raise TypeError("descriptor '__init__' of 'UserDict' object "
                            "needs an argument")
        self, *args = args
        if len(args) > 1:
            raise TypeError('expected at most 1 arguments, got %d' % len(args))
        if args:
            dict = args[0]
        elif 'dict' in kwargs:
            dict = kwargs.pop('dict')
            import warnings
            warnings.warn("Passing 'dict' as keyword argument is deprecated",
                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
        else:
            dict = None
        self.data = {}
        if dict is not None:
            self.update(dict)
        if len(kwargs):
            self.update(kwargs)
    def __len__(self): return len(self.data)
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if key in self.data:
            return self.data[key]
        if hasattr(self.__class__, "__missing__"):
            return self.__class__.__missing__(self, key)
        raise KeyError(key)
    def __setitem__(self, key, item): self.data[key] = item
    def __delitem__(self, key): del self.data[key]
    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.data)

    # Modify __contains__ to work correctly when __missing__ is present
    def __contains__(self, key):
        return key in self.data

    # Now, add the methods in dicts but not in MutableMapping
    def __repr__(self): return repr(self.data)
    def copy(self):
        if self.__class__ is UserDict:
            return UserDict(self.data.copy())
        import copy
        data = self.data
        try:
            self.data = {}
            c = copy.copy(self)
        finally:
            self.data = data
        c.update(self)
        return c
    @classmethod
    def fromkeys(cls, iterable, value=None):
        d = cls()
        for key in iterable:
            d[key] = value
        return d