Android 从零开始搭建一个主流项目框架—RxJava2.0+Retrofit2.0+OkHttp

我这里的网络请求是用的装饰者模式去写的,什么是装饰者模式呢?在不必改变原类文件和使用继承的情况下,动态地扩展一个对象的功能。它是通过创建一个包装对象,也就是装饰来包裹真实的对象。我的理解就是一个接口,两个实现类,一个实现类负责调用接口的方法,另一个类负责功能的具体实现。本文中所提到的代码都是伪代码,最后会给出完整的,最初版本的项目框架。不包含任何业务逻辑

 
项目结构.png

  容我一个一个来说,首先,我们一般请求网络的时候,会有统一的返回数据格式,一个是需要判断返回code码的,就比方说登录功能,那登录成功,还是失败,我们只用判断code码即可,这种类型,我们统一是HttpNoResult。还有一个是返回数据的,就比方说查一个列表数据。这里我们统一的是HttpResult。我先给出这两个类的代码:

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:没有解析数据的返回
 */
public class HttpNoResult {
  private int code;
  private String msg;

  public int getCode() {
    return code;
  }

  public HttpNoResult setCode(int code) {
    this.code = code;
    return this;
  }

  public String getMsg() {
    return msg;
  }

  public HttpNoResult setMsg(String msg) {
    this.msg = msg;
    return this;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "HttpNoResult{" + "code=" + code + ", msg='" + msg + '\'' + '}';
  }
}
package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:有解析数据的返回
 */
public class HttpResult<T> {
  private int code;
  private String msg;
  @SerializedName(value = "result")
  private T data;

  public int getCode() {
    return code;
  }

  public HttpResult setCode(int code) {
    this.code = code;
    return this;
  }

  public String getMsg() {
    return msg;
  }

  public HttpResult setMsg(String msg) {
    this.msg = msg;
    return this;
  }

  public T getData() {
    return data;
  }

  public HttpResult setData(T data) {
    this.data = data;
    return this;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "HttpResult{" + "code=" + code + ", msg='" + msg + '\'' + ", data=" + data + '}';
  }
}

 这里我就需要说一点,有数据返回的时候,每个数据类型都是不一样的,所以,这里我用的泛型传递,不同的数据类型,传不同的bean对象

  言归正传,我们来说说网络请求的一个接口,两个实现类。

一个接口—HttpHelper

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

import io.reactivex.Flowable;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:网络接口,接口参数Token统一处理,方法中不传Token
 */
public interface HttpHelper {
  /**
   * 登录时获取验证码.
   *
   * @param phone 手机号
   * @return {"code":0}
   */
  Flowable<HttpNoResult> loginCode(String phone);
  /*Flowable<HttpResult<Login>> login(String phone, String code);
  Flowable<HttpResult<List<DiyBean>>> diyKeys(String allId);*/
}

 Flowable是RxJava2.0新增的,所以说RxJava完美兼容Retrofit,泛型就是我们需要解析的数据

  1. loginCode方法是说返回数据,我们只用判断是否是成功还是失败,

  2. login方法是说返回数据是一个Login对象,至于对象是什么内容,那就是和你们后台确认了

  3. diyKeys方法就是说,返回数据是一个list对象,每个list的item是DiyBean对象

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.HttpHelper;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.HttpNoResult;

import io.reactivex.Flowable;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:网络请求的实现类
 */
public class DataHelper implements HttpHelper {
  private HttpHelper http;

  public DataHelper(HttpHelper http) {
    this.http = http;
  }

  @Override
  public Flowable<HttpNoResult> loginCode(String phone) {
    return http.loginCode(phone);
  }
}

DataHelper是HttpHelper的实现类,他的唯一作用就是调用接口的方法即可,具体的功能实现是后面一个类,这里需要说明的是这个类的构造方法要public表示,因为他要dagger生成,用private或者protected表示无法生成。

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.api.HttpApi;

import io.reactivex.Flowable;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc: 网络接口Retrofit实现
 */
public class RetrofitHelper implements HttpHelper{
  private HttpApi httpApi;

@Inject
  RetrofitHelper(HttpApi httpApi) {
    this.httpApi = httpApi;
  }

  @Override
  public Flowable<HttpNoResult> loginCode(String phone) {
    return httpApi.loginCode(phone);
  }
}

RetrofitHelper类作为HttpHelper接口的实现类,他是具体功能的实现类,为什么说他是具体功能的实现类呢?因为,他是调用HttpApi接口的方法。HttpApi接口是干什么用的呢?

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.api;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.HttpNoResult;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.ProtocolHttp;

import io.reactivex.Flowable;
import retrofit2.http.Field;
import retrofit2.http.FormUrlEncoded;
import retrofit2.http.POST;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:网络请求接口api
 */
public interface HttpApi {
  /**
   * 登录时获取验证码.
   *
   * @param phone 手机号
   * @return {"code":0}
   */
  @FormUrlEncoded
  @POST(ProtocolHttp.METHOD_LOGIN_CODE)
  Flowable<HttpNoResult> loginCode(@Field("phone") String phone);
}

这个就是Retrofit的网络请求的方式,看不懂?这个就是Retrofit的东西了
方法注解,包含@GET、@POST、@PUT、@DELETE、@PATH、@HEAD、@OPTIONS、@HTTP。
标记注解,包含@FormUrlEncoded、@Multipart、@Streaming。
参数注解,包含@Query、@QueryMap、@Body、@Field,@FieldMap、@Part,@PartMap。
其他注解,包含@Path、@Header、@Headers、@Url。

这里我们还差一个接口

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:
 */
public interface ProtocolHttp {
  String HTTP_HOST = "http://xxx.xx.xxx.xxx:8080/app/con/";
  String HTTP_COMMON = "common/";
  String METHOD_LOGIN_CODE = HTTP_COMMON + "code";//登录发送验证码
}

如上,这里需要注意的是不能以""结尾,然后就是,跟你们后台商量,格式不要错了,尽量就只有接口名字不同,接口名字前面部分都是一样的。

  到此,这里基本上就说完了,那么有同鞋就会问了,接口定义方法的时候,我们知道该如何写返回数据类型呢?这个我就不知道了,你得问你们后台,根据后台返回的数据类型去写对应的bean类。推荐一个功能PostMan。

  到目前为止,我们都还没有初始化网络请求的参数,这些网络请求的参数在哪里初始化呢?这些参数,我们就只用初始化一次,我们就想到了dagger的全局单例模式,没错,就是这个,我们上一篇写了很多没有用的东西,里面有一个HttpModule

package com.haichenyi.myproject.di.module;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.di.qualifier.ApiUrl;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.ProtocolHttp;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.api.HttpApi;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.inject.Singleton;

import dagger.Module;
import dagger.Provides;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import retrofit2.Retrofit;
import retrofit2.adapter.rxjava2.RxJava2CallAdapterFactory;
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:网络请求的参数初始化
 */
@Module
public class HttpModule {
  @Provides
  @Singleton
  OkHttpClient.Builder providesOkHttpHelper() {
//请求读写超时时间
    return new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
  }

  @Provides
  @Singleton
  OkHttpClient provideClient(OkHttpClient.Builder builder) {
    return builder
//        .addInterceptor(new MyHttpInterceptor())
        .build();
  }
  
  @Provides
  @Singleton
  Retrofit.Builder providesRetrofitBuilder() {
    return new Retrofit.Builder();
  }

  @Provides
  @Singleton
  HttpApi provideApi(@ApiUrl Retrofit retrofit) {
    return retrofit.create(HttpApi.class);
  }

  @Provides
  @Singleton
  @ApiUrl
  Retrofit providesApiRetrofit(Retrofit.Builder builder, OkHttpClient client) {
    return createRetrofit(builder, client, ProtocolHttp.HTTP_HOST);//这里就是你的网络请求的url
  }

  private Retrofit createRetrofit(Retrofit.Builder builder, OkHttpClient client, String host) {
    return builder.client(client)
        .baseUrl(host)
        .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())//添加gson自动解析,我们不用关
        .addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
        .build();
  }
}

如上代码,注释写的都有,考过去用就行了

在AppModule里面添加如下代码

package com.haichenyi.myproject.di.module;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.base.MyApplication;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.DataHelper;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.HttpHelper;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.RetrofitHelper;

import javax.inject.Singleton;

import dagger.Module;
import dagger.Provides;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:
 */
@Module
public class AppModule {
  private MyApplication application;

  public AppModule(MyApplication application) {
    this.application = application;
  }

  @Provides
  @Singleton
  DataHelper provideDataHelper(HttpHelper httpHelper) {
    return new DataHelper(httpHelper);
  }

  @Provides
  @Singleton
  HttpHelper provideHttpHelper(RetrofitHelper retrofitHelper) {
    return retrofitHelper;
  }
}

这里都是dagger了生成全局单例对象需要的东西

在AppComponent里面添加如下代码

package com.haichenyi.myproject.di.component;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.di.module.AppModule;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.di.module.HttpModule;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.DataHelper;

import javax.inject.Singleton;

import dagger.Component;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:
 */
@Singleton
@Component(modules = {AppModule.class, HttpModule.class})
public interface AppComponent {
  DataHelper getDataHelper();
}

在BaseMvpPresenter里面添加如下代码

package com.haichenyi.myproject.base;

import io.reactivex.disposables.CompositeDisposable;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:
 */
public class BaseMvpPresenter<T extends BaseView> implements BasePresenter<T> {
  protected T baseView;
  private CompositeDisposable disposables;

  @Override
  public void attachView(T baseView) {
    this.baseView = baseView;
  }

  protected void addSubscribe(Disposable disposable) {
    if (null == disposables) {
      disposables = new CompositeDisposable();
    }
    disposables.add(disposable);
  }

  @Override
  public void detachView() {
    this.baseView = null;
    unSubscribe();
  }

  private void unSubscribe() {
    if (null != disposables) {
      disposables.clear();
      disposables = null;
    }
  }
}

至此,就全部写完了,关于网络请求的内容。调用方式如下:

package com.haichenyi.myproject.presenter;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.base.BaseMvpPresenter;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.base.MyApplication;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.contract.MainContract;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.DataHelper;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import io.reactivex.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;
import io.reactivex.schedulers.Schedulers;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:
 */
public class MainPresenter extends BaseMvpPresenter<MainContract.IView>
    implements MainContract.Presenter {
  private DataHelper dataHelper;
  @Inject
  MainPresenter() {
    dataHelper = MyApplication.getAppComponent().getDataHelper();
  }

  @Override
  public void loadData() {
    addSubscribe(dataHelper.loginCode("134xxxxxxxx")
        .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
        .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
        .subscribe());
//    baseView.showTipMsg("加载数据");
  }
}

记得在清单文件里面,加上网络权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

网络请求,这样调用之后在哪处理呢?我给出我的几个处理的工具类。首先,按如下图设置1.8支持lambda表达式

 
配置.png

然后添加如下几个类

HttpCode

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆.
 * Date: 2017/12/21
 * Desc: 网络请求状态码
 */
public interface HttpCode {
  /**
   * 成功.
   */
  int SUCCESS = 0;
  /**
   * 参数为空.
   */
  int NO_PARAMETER = 1;
  /**
   * 服务器错误.
   */
  int SERVER_ERR = 3;
}

ApiException

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆.
 * Date: 2017/12/21
 * Desc: 接口异常判断处理
 */
public class ApiException extends Exception {
  private int code;

  @SuppressWarnings("unused")
  public ApiException(int code) {
    this.code = code;
  }

  public ApiException(int code, String message) {
    super(message);
    this.code = code;
  }

  public int getCode() {
    return code;
  }

  public ApiException setCode(int code) {
    this.code = code;
    return this;
  }
}

MyRxUtils

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;

import io.reactivex.BackpressureStrategy;
import io.reactivex.Flowable;
import io.reactivex.FlowableTransformer;
import io.reactivex.Scheduler;
import io.reactivex.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;
import io.reactivex.schedulers.Schedulers;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆.
 * Date: 2017/12/27
 * Desc:切换线程的工具类
 */
public class MyRxUtils {
  /**
   * 从其他线程转到主线程.
   *
   * @param scheduler Schedulers.io()等等
   * @param <T>       t
   * @return FlowableTransformer
   */
  public static <T> FlowableTransformer<T, T> toMain(Scheduler scheduler) {
    return upstream -> upstream.subscribeOn(scheduler).observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread());
  }

  public static <T> FlowableTransformer<HttpResult<T>, T> handResult() {
    return upstream -> upstream.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
        .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
        .flatMap(tHttpResult -> {
          if (tHttpResult.getCode() == HttpCode.SUCCESS) {
            return /*createData(tHttpResult.data)*/Flowable.just(tHttpResult.getData());
          } else {
            return Flowable.error(new ApiException(tHttpResult.getCode(), tHttpResult.getMsg()));
          }
        });
  }

  private static <T> Flowable<T> createData(final T data) {
    return Flowable.create(e -> {
      e.onNext(data);
      e.onComplete();
    }, BackpressureStrategy.ERROR);
  }
}

MySubscriber

package com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http;


import com.haichenyi.myproject.base.BaseView;
import io.reactivex.subscribers.ResourceSubscriber;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆.
 * Date: 2017/12/21
 * Desc:
 */
public abstract class MySubscriber<T> extends ResourceSubscriber<T> {
  private BaseView baseView;
  private boolean showLoading;

  public MySubscriber(BaseView baseView) {
    this.baseView = baseView;
  }

  public MySubscriber(BaseView baseView, boolean showLoading) {
    this.baseView = baseView;
    this.showLoading = showLoading;
  }

  @Override
  protected void onStart() {
    super.onStart();
    if (null != baseView && showLoading) {
      baseView.showLoading();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void onError(Throwable t) {
    if (null == baseView) {
      return;
    }
    baseView.hideLoading();
    if (t instanceof ApiException) {
      ApiException apiException = (ApiException) t;
      switch (apiException.getCode()) {
        case HttpCode.NO_PARAMETER:
          baseView.showTipMsg("参数为空");
          break;
        case HttpCode.SERVER_ERR:
          baseView.showTipMsg("服务器错误");
          break;
        default:
          break;
      }
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void onComplete() {
    if (null != baseView) {
      baseView.hideLoading();
    }
  }
}

这几个类不想多做解释,结合注释,仔细看几遍,就知道是干嘛用的了

加上这几个之后调用方式就变成了以下的方式:

package com.haichenyi.myproject.presenter;

import com.haichenyi.myproject.base.BaseMvpPresenter;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.base.MyApplication;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.contract.MainContract;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.DataHelper;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.HttpNoResult;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.MyRxUtils;
import com.haichenyi.myproject.model.http.MySubscriber;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import io.reactivex.schedulers.Schedulers;

/**
 * Author: 海晨忆
 * Date: 2018/2/23
 * Desc:
 */
public class MainPresenter extends BaseMvpPresenter<MainContract.IView>
    implements MainContract.Presenter {
  private DataHelper dataHelper;

  @Inject
  MainPresenter() {
    dataHelper = MyApplication.getAppComponent().getDataHelper();
  }

  @Override
  public void loadData() {
    addSubscribe(dataHelper.loginCode("134xxxxxxxx")
        .compose(MyRxUtils.toMain(Schedulers.io()))
        .subscribeWith(new MySubscriber<HttpNoResult>(baseView, true) {
          @Override
          public void onNext(HttpNoResult httpNoResult) {

          }
        }));
//    baseView.showTipMsg("加载数据");
  }
}

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/zhujiabin/p/9244870.html