qemu 运行 linux
linux 内核版本
linux-6.5.7
linux 内核下载地址
https://www.kernel.org/
可以在浏览器中点击下载，也可以使用命令行下载
wget https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v6.x/linux-6.5.7.tar.xz
解压
tar -vxf linux-6.5.7.tar.xz
生成配置文件
在根目录 linux-6.5.7 执行
make vexpress_defconfig ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf-
编译设备树
在根目录 linux-6.5.7 执行
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf- dtbs
编译内核
在根目录 linux-6.5.7 执行
make -j6 ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf-
报错与解决
fatal error: gmp.h: No such file or directory
fatal error: mpc.h: No such file or directory
解决
sudo apt-get install libgmp-dev
sudo apt-get install libmpc-dev
运行 linux
sudo qemu-system-arm -M vexpress-a9 -m 512M -kernel arch/arm/boot/zImage -dtb arch/arm/boot/dts/arm/vexpress-v2p-ca9.dtb -nographic
# -dtb 指定设备树，否则会失败
启动日志
1f00 131072 mtdblock0
(driver?)
1f01 32768 mtdblock1
(driver?)
List of all bdev filesystems:
ext3
ext4
ext2
cramfs
squashfs
vfat
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.5.7 #3
Hardware name: ARM-Versatile Express
unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x10/0x14
show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x40/0x4c
dump_stack_lvl from panic+0x104/0x320
panic from mount_root_generic+0x208/0x29c
mount_root_generic from prepare_namespace+0x1bc/0x20c
prepare_namespace from kernel_init+0x18/0x12c
kernel_init from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x28
Exception stack(0xa0825fb0 to 0xa0825ff8)
5fa0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
5fc0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
5fe0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000013 00000000
---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0) ]---
从日志中可以看到，挂载 VFS 文件系统失败，导致内核 panic。下节将介绍 rootfs。
附录脚本
export ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf- # 设置编译平台和工具链
make vexpress_defconfig # 加载板子的配置信息
make dtbs # 编译设备树
make -j8 # 编译内核
参考
- https://www.jianshu.com/p/91baa4d140a2