基于Hadoop的数据仓库Hive安装

基于Hadoop的数据仓库Hive安装

1、安装Hive

1.1 下载Hive源程序

Apache官方:https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/hive/

清华大学镜像:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hive/

在Ubuntu中,使用wget命令下载:

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-3.1.3/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz

好像失败了(网速问题),算了,还是用Xshell传过来吧!!

1.2 解压并重命名

sudo tar -zxvf ./apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local # 解压到 /usr/local 中
sudo mv apache-hive-3.1.3-bin hive # 重命名为hive

1.3 修改文件权限

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop hive

注意:上面的hadoop:hadoop是用户组和用户名,如果你当前使用用户名user_name登录了Linux系统,则把hadoop替换成user_name。

1.4 配置环境变量

为了方便使用,我们把hive命令加入到环境变量中去,使用vim编辑器打开.bashrc文件,命令如下:

sudo vi ~/.bashrc

添加如下内容:

export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop

HADOOP_HOME需要被配置成你系统上Hadoop的安装路径,比如这里是安装在/usr/local/hadoop目录。

保存退出后,运行如下命令使配置立即生效:

source ~/.bashrc

1.5 配置hive-site.xml

修改/usr/local/hive/conf下的hive-site.xml,执行如下命令:

cd /usr/local/hive/conf
sudo mv hive-default.xml.template hive-default.xml

上面命令是将hive-default.xml.template重命名为hive-default.xml

然后,使用vim编辑器新建一个配置文件hive-site.xml,命令如下:

cd /usr/local/hive/conf
sudo vi hive-site.xml

hive-site.xml中添加如下配置信息:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
    <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
    <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
    <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
    <value>hive</value>
    <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
    <value>hive</value>
    <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
  </property>
</configuration>

2、安装并配置MySQL

这里我们采用MySQL数据库保存Hive的元数据,而不是采用Hive自带的derby来存储元数据。

Ubuntu下MySQL的安装参考:Ubuntu安装MySQL及常用操作

2.1 下载mysql jdbc包

下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/

在Xshell中上传:

2.2 解压并拷贝

tar -zxvf mysql-connector-j-8.0.31.tar.gz

mysql-connector-j-8.0.31.jar拷贝到/usr/local/hive/lib目录下:

cd 下载
cd mysql-connector-j-8.0.31
sudo cp mysql-connector-j-8.0.31.jar /usr/local/hive/lib

2.3 启动并登陆mysql shell

service mysql start # 启动mysql服务
mysql -u root -p  # 登陆shell界面

2.4 新建hive数据库

create database hive;

这个hive数据库与hive-site.xml中localhost:3306/hive的hive对应,用来保存hive元数据。

2.5 配置mysql允许hive接入

grant all on *.* to hive@localhost identified by 'hive'; # 将所有数据库的所有表的所有权限赋给hive用户,后面的hive是配置hive-site.xml中配置的连接密码
flush privileges; # 刷新mysql系统权限关系表

会报错!参考博客:grant all on . to hive@localhost identified by ‘hive’; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in yo

改为如下代码:

create user 'hive'@'localhost' identified by 'hive';
grant all on *.* to 'hive'@'localhost';
flush privileges;

2.6 启动hadoop

启动hive之前,请先启动hadoop集群:

cd /usr/local/hadoop
./sbin/start-all.sh
jps # 查看进程(6个为正常)

2.7 启动hive

cd /usr/local/hive
./bin/hive

尝试一下以下方法:

./bin/schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

还是不可以啊!!!【见Bug1】

2.8 退出hive

exit;

3、Bug1(已解决)

参考博客:Hive初始化报错Exception in thread “main“ java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.base.

报错原因: 因为hadoop和hive的两个guava.jar版本不一致

解决方案:

(1)删除hive里的guava.jar:

cd /usr/local/hive/lib
sudo rm guava-19.0.jar 

(2)把hadoop里的guava.jar复制到hive里:

cd /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib # 进入hadoop
cp -r guava-27.0-jre.jar /usr/local/hive/lib # 复制到hive中

(3)初始化hive:

./bin/schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema


(4)再次启动hive:

cd /usr/local/hive
./bin/hive

4、Bug2(待解决)

当启动hadoophive时,都会报出如下错误:

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.

5、Bug3(待解决)

当启动hive时,会报出如下错误:

WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored
WARN DataNucleus.MetaData: Metadata has jdbc-type of null yet this is not valid. Ignored

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/m0_70885101/article/details/127441100