【C++】二叉搜索树KV模型

最典型的一个场景，自动翻译软件，输入中文，输出对应的英文，输入英文，输出对应的中文。

可以用一颗搜索二叉树来实现这一功能。

K->key V->val

基础结构和普通搜索二叉树保持一致，只是成员多了一个_val，模板也多了一个参数V。

还不知道二叉搜索树的可以看我另外一篇博客。

namespace kv
{
	template<class K, class V>
	struct BSTreeNode
	{
		BSTreeNode<K, V>* _left;
		BSTreeNode<K, V>* _right;
		K _key;
		V _value;

		BSTreeNode(const K& key, const V& value)
			:_left(nullptr)
			, _right(nullptr)
			, _key(key)
			, _value(value)
		{}
	};

	template<class K, class V>
	class BSTree
	{
		typedef BSTreeNode<K, V> Node;
	public:
		bool Insert(const K& key, const V& value)
		{
			if (_root == nullptr)
			{
				_root = new Node(key, value);
				return true;
			}

			Node* parent = nullptr;
			Node* cur = _root;
			while (cur)
			{
				if (cur->_key < key)
				{
					parent = cur;
					cur = cur->_right;
				}
				else if (cur->_key > key)
				{
					parent = cur;
					cur = cur->_left;
				}
				else
				{
					return false;
				}
			}

			cur = new Node(key, value);
			if (parent->_key < key)
			{
				parent->_right = cur;
			}
			else
			{
				parent->_left = cur;
			}

			return true;
		}

		Node* Find(const K& key)
		{
			Node* cur = _root;
			while (cur)
			{
				if (cur->_key < key)
				{
					cur = cur->_right;
				}
				else if (cur->_key > key)
				{
					cur = cur->_left;
				}
				else
				{
					return cur;
				}
			}

			return nullptr;
		}

		bool Erase(const K& key)
		{
			//...

			return true;
		}

		void InOrder()
		{
			_InOrder(_root);
			cout << endl;
		}
	private:

		void _InOrder(Node* root)
		{
			if (root == nullptr)
			{
				return;
			}

			_InOrder(root->_left);
			cout << root->_key << ":" << root->_value << endl;
			_InOrder(root->_right);
		}
	private:
		Node* _root = nullptr;
	};

测试一下功能：

如果要实现一个统计单词个数的呢？

那么就构造一个<string,int>类型的就好了，string记录单词，int记录个数。

	void TestBSTree2()
	{
		string arr[] = { "香蕉", "苹果", "香蕉", "草莓", "香蕉", "苹果", "苹果", "苹果" };

		BSTree<string, int> countTree;
		for (auto& str : arr)
		{
			//BSTreeNode<string, int>* ret = countTree.Find(str);
			auto ret = countTree.Find(str);
			if (ret)
			{
				ret->_value++;
			}
			else
			{
				countTree.Insert(str, 1);
			}
		}

		countTree.InOrder();
	}

总和代码：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

namespace kv
{
	template<class K, class V>
	struct BSTreeNode
	{
		BSTreeNode<K, V>* _left;
		BSTreeNode<K, V>* _right;
		K _key;
		V _value;

		BSTreeNode(const K& key, const V& value)
			:_left(nullptr)
			, _right(nullptr)
			, _key(key)
			, _value(value)
		{}
	};

	template<class K, class V>
	class BSTree
	{
		typedef BSTreeNode<K, V> Node;
	public:
		bool Insert(const K& key, const V& value)
		{
			if (_root == nullptr)
			{
				_root = new Node(key, value);
				return true;
			}

			Node* parent = nullptr;
			Node* cur = _root;
			while (cur)
			{
				if (cur->_key < key)
				{
					parent = cur;
					cur = cur->_right;
				}
				else if (cur->_key > key)
				{
					parent = cur;
					cur = cur->_left;
				}
				else
				{
					return false;
				}
			}

			cur = new Node(key, value);
			if (parent->_key < key)
			{
				parent->_right = cur;
			}
			else
			{
				parent->_left = cur;
			}

			return true;
		}

		Node* Find(const K& key)
		{
			Node* cur = _root;
			while (cur)
			{
				if (cur->_key < key)
				{
					cur = cur->_right;
				}
				else if (cur->_key > key)
				{
					cur = cur->_left;
				}
				else
				{
					return cur;
				}
			}

			return nullptr;
		}

		bool Erase(const K& key)
		{
			//...

			return true;
		}

		void InOrder()
		{
			_InOrder(_root);
			cout << endl;
		}
	private:

		void _InOrder(Node* root)
		{
			if (root == nullptr)
			{
				return;
			}

			_InOrder(root->_left);
			cout << root->_key << ":" << root->_value << endl;
			_InOrder(root->_right);
		}
	private:
		Node* _root = nullptr;
	};

	void TestBSTree1()
	{
		BSTree<string, string> dict;
		dict.Insert("sort", "排序");
		dict.Insert("left", "左边");
		dict.Insert("right", "右边");
		dict.Insert("string", "字符串");
		dict.Insert("insert", "插入");
		string str;
		while (cin >> str)
		{
			BSTreeNode<string, string>* ret = dict.Find(str);
			if (ret)
			{
				cout << "对应的中文:" << ret->_value << endl;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "对应的中文->无此单词" << endl;
			}
		}
	}

	void TestBSTree2()
	{
		string arr[] = { "香蕉", "苹果", "香蕉", "草莓", "香蕉", "苹果", "苹果", "苹果" };

		BSTree<string, int> countTree;
		for (auto& str : arr)
		{
			//BSTreeNode<string, int>* ret = countTree.Find(str);
			auto ret = countTree.Find(str);
			if (ret)
			{
				ret->_value++;
			}
			else
			{
				countTree.Insert(str, 1);
			}
		}

		countTree.InOrder();
	}
}