使用脚手架安装相关依赖

使用vueCli 安装预设的vuex+ts+less+router

## 查看@vue/cli版本，确保@vue/cli版本在4.5.0以上
vue --version

## 安装或者升级你的@vue/cli
npm install -g @vue/cli

## 创建
vue create vue3_cli_ts_htgl          //create vue3_cli_ts_htgl为自定义文件名

按方向键 ↓，选择Manually select features，enter

手动配置：是我们所需要的面向生产的项目，提供可选功能的 npm 包

手动配置，根据你需要用方向键选择（按 “空格键”选择/取消选择，A键全选/取消全选，i反选）对应功能

? Check the features needed for your project: (Press to select, to toggle all, to invert selection)
( ) TypeScript // JavaScript的一个超集（添加了可选的静态类型和基于类的面向对象编程：类型批注和编译时类型检查、类、接口、模块、lambda 函数）
( ) Progressive Web App (PWA) Support // 渐进式Web应用程序
() Router // vue-router（vue路由）
() Vuex // vuex（vue的状态管理模式）
() CSS Pre-processors // CSS 预处理器（如：less、sass）
() Linter / Formatter // 代码风格检查和格式化（如：ESlint）
() Unit Testing // 单元测试（unit tests）
() E2E Testing // e2e（end to end）测试

我们选择如下

确认enter后，需要选择vue版本，选择3.x的版本然后继续确认

然后如下配置

是否使用class风格的组件语法：Use class-style component syntax?输入N

Vue CLI v4.5.15

? Please pick a preset: Manually select features

//检查项目所需的功能：选择 Vue 版本、Babel、TS、Router、Vuex、CSS 预处理器

? Check the features needed for your project: Choose Vue version, Babel, TS, Router, Vuex, CSS Pre-processors

//选择你想用 3.x 启动项目的 Vue.js 版本

? Choose a version of Vue.js that you want to start the project with 3.x

//是否使用class风格的组件语法

? Use class-style component syntax? No

//将 Babel 与 TypeScript 一起使用（现代模式、自动检测的 polyfill、转译 JSX 需要）

? Use Babel alongside TypeScript (required for modern mode, auto-detected polyfills, transpiling JSX)? Yes

//路由器使用历史模式？（需要为生产中的索引回退正确设置服务器）否

? Use history mode for router? (Requires proper server setup for index fallback in production) No

//选择一个 CSS 预处理器（默认支持 PostCSS、Autoprefixer 和 CSS 模块）：Less

? Pick a CSS pre-processor (PostCSS, Autoprefixer and CSS Modules are supported by default): Less

//你更喜欢将 Babel、ESLint 等的配置放在哪里？在专用配置文件中

? Where do you prefer placing config for Babel, ESLint, etc.? In dedicated config files

//将此保存为未来项目的预设？(是/否)

? Save this as a preset for future projects? (y/N) N

至此，配置完毕，桌面会出现一个vue3_cli_ts_htgl文件夹

默认项目解析

文件夹结构

├─ public
│  ├─ favicon.ico            //浏览器标签文件图标
│  └─ index.html             //总的入口文件
├─ src										
│  ├─ App.vue	               //根组件
│  ├─ assets                 //静态资源目录
│  │  └─ logo.png
│  ├─ components             //自定义组件目录（可删除）
│  │  └─ HelloWorld.vue
│  ├─ main.ts								 //项目入口
│  ├─ router								 //路由
│  │  └─ index.ts
│  ├─ shims-vue.d.ts         //ts声明文件，使ts识别.vue文件
│  ├─ store                  //vuex
│  │  └─ index.ts
│  └─ views                  //自定义路由组件目录（可删除）
│     ├─ About.vue
│     └─ Home.vue
└─ tsconfig.json             //ts的配置文件
├─ .browserslistrc					 //配置兼容浏览器
├─ .gitignore
├─ babel.config.js           //babel.config.js配置文件
├─ package-lock.json
├─ package.json
├─ README.md

默认文件内容

HelloWorld.vue

<template>
  <div class="hello">
    <h1>{
   
   { msg }}</h1>
    <p>
      For a guide and recipes on how to configure / customize this project,<br>
      check out the
      <a href="https://cli.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vue-cli documentation</a>.
    </p>
    <h3>Installed CLI Plugins</h3>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli/tree/dev/packages/%40vue/cli-plugin-babel" target="_blank" rel="noopener">babel</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli/tree/dev/packages/%40vue/cli-plugin-router" target="_blank" rel="noopener">router</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli/tree/dev/packages/%40vue/cli-plugin-vuex" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vuex</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli/tree/dev/packages/%40vue/cli-plugin-typescript" target="_blank" rel="noopener">typescript</a></li>
    </ul>
    <h3>Essential Links</h3>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="https://vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Core Docs</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://forum.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Forum</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://chat.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Community Chat</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://twitter.com/vuejs" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Twitter</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://news.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">News</a></li>
    </ul>
    <h3>Ecosystem</h3>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="https://router.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vue-router</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://vuex.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vuex</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-devtools#vue-devtools" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vue-devtools</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://vue-loader.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vue-loader</a></li>
      <li><a href="https://github.com/vuejs/awesome-vue" target="_blank" rel="noopener">awesome-vue</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent } from 'vue';

export default defineComponent({
  name: 'HelloWorld',
  props: {
    msg: String,
  },
});
</script>

<!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only -->
<style scoped lang="less">
h3 {
  margin: 40px 0 0;
}
ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  padding: 0;
}
li {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0 10px;
}
a {
  color: #42b983;
}
</style>

router->index.ts

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory, RouteRecordRaw } from 'vue-router'
import Home from '../views/Home.vue'

const routes: Array<RouteRecordRaw> = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: 'Home',
    component: Home
  },
  {
    path: '/about',
    name: 'About',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About.vue')
  }
]

const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes
})

export default router

store->index.ts

import { createStore } from 'vuex'

export default createStore({
  state: {
  },
  mutations: {
  },
  actions: {
  },
  modules: {
  }
})

App.vue

<template>
  <div id="nav">
    <router-link to="/">Home</router-link> |
    <router-link to="/about">About</router-link>
  </div>
  <router-view/>
</template>

<style lang="less">
#app {
  font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-align: center;
  color: #2c3e50;
}

#nav {
  padding: 30px;

  a {
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #2c3e50;

    &.router-link-exact-active {
      color: #42b983;
    }
  }
}
</style>

main.ts

import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import store from './store'

createApp(App).use(store).use(router).mount('#app')

shims-vue.d.ts

/* eslint-disable */
declare module '*.vue' {
  import type { DefineComponent } from 'vue'
  const component: DefineComponent<{}, {}, any>
  export default component
}

.browserslistrc

> 1%
last 2 versions
not dead

babel.config.js

module.exports = {
  presets: [
    '@vue/cli-plugin-babel/preset'
  ]
}

package.json

{
  "name": "vue3_cli_ts_htgl",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "serve": "vue-cli-service serve",
    "build": "vue-cli-service build"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "core-js": "^3.6.5",
    "vue": "^3.0.0",
    "vue-router": "^4.0.0-0",
    "vuex": "^4.0.0-0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@vue/cli-plugin-babel": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-plugin-router": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-plugin-typescript": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-plugin-vuex": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-service": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/compiler-sfc": "^3.0.0",
    "less": "^3.0.4",
    "less-loader": "^5.0.0",
    "typescript": "~4.1.5"
  }
}

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "esnext",
    "module": "esnext",
    "strict": true,
    "jsx": "preserve",
    "importHelpers": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
    "sourceMap": true,
    "baseUrl": ".",
    "types": [
      "webpack-env"
    ],
    "paths": {
      "@/*": [
        "src/*"
      ]
    },
    "lib": [
      "esnext",
      "dom",
      "dom.iterable",
      "scripthost"
    ]
  },
  "include": [
    "src/**/*.ts",
    "src/**/*.tsx",
    "src/**/*.vue",
    "tests/**/*.ts",
    "tests/**/*.tsx"
  ],
  "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
  ]
}

Vue3+VueCli+TS官方模板简析