之前试过linux环境下的opengl，资源包一键配置，最近学习opengl和相关window的配置，昨天用vs的nuget包一键配置好了，结果发现nupengl作者已经很久不更新了，nuget包上保持更新的opengl包只支持C#语言的，今天通过link链接重新配置了。
主要是需要两个支持包：glad、glfw
一个编译工具：cmake
GLFW是一个专门针对OpenGL的C语言库，它提供了一些渲染物体所需的最低限度的接口。它允许用户创建OpenGL上下文、定义窗口参数以及处理用户输入，使用glfw后，就不需要再包含opengl头文件，也不需要包含<windows.h>或者其它平台的头文件，除非你要用到它们特定的api。
GLAD可以使OpenGL基础渲染变得十分简单
glad配置1
glad配置1
CMake是一个跨平台的编译、测试、打包工具
整理下你下载的文件：
首先处理glfw，刚刚下载的是source包，我们使用cmake编译下
在cmake文件路径：cmake-3.23.0-rc3-windows-x86_64\bin下，执行cmake-gui.exe
在cmake导入glfw的source路径，并指定输出路径，图中build文件是我新建的，你可以按照自己意愿放置任何位置。
然后在菜单栏Tools->configure设置下你的visual studio型号
首先configure下你的设置，然后generate
得到Generating done的反馈即可
去执行生成文件
右键生成解决方案
反馈成功后，在glfw-3.3.6\build\src\Debug路径下，获得glfw3.lib、glfw3.pdb，在glfw-3.3.6\include下获得GLFW
总结一下，你现在拥有glad(include、src)、glfw(glfw3.lib、glfw3.pdb、GLFW)文件
这里需要说明，我们每次建立opengl项目，都需要链接这些文件，所以新建一个文件夹，例如：Opengl
它的结构如图
附件文件即配置好了，接下来新建opengl项目，然后link它们，新建C++空项目
添加进glad.c文件
在Opengl项目里的属性中，实现include和lib的路径的导入（注意我的平台为X64，当然现在大多数电脑都是X64，但是不妨确认下，如果你是X86，请在设置属性页平台为X86,编译时候Debug文件也设置成X86）
接下来，在link里配置相应的lib：opengl32.lib;glfw3.lib;
（Windows平台，opengl32.lib已经包含在Microsoft SDK里了，它在Visual Studio安装的时候就默认安装了。由于这篇教程用的是VS编译器，并且是在Windows操作系统上，我们只需将opengl32.lib添加进连接器设置里就行了。值得注意的是，OpenGL库64位版本的文件名仍然是opengl32.lib）
应用并确认后，不妨试试下面这个例子检测下（请注意glad一定要在其他opengl文件夹前，否则会报错）
#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window);
// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;
const char* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n"
"}\0";
const char* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 FragColor;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" FragColor = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n"
"}\n\0";
int main()
{
// glfw: initialize and configure
// ------------------------------
glfwInit();
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
#ifdef __APPLE__
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
#endif
// glfw window creation
// --------------------
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", NULL, NULL);
if (window == NULL)
{
std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
// glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
// ---------------------------------------
if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
{
std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// build and compile our shader program
// ------------------------------------
// vertex shader
unsigned int vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertexShader);
// check for shader compile errors
int success;
char infoLog[512];
glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (!success)
{
glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
// fragment shader
unsigned int fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
// check for shader compile errors
glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (!success)
{
glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
// link shaders
unsigned int shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
// check for linking errors
glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
if (!success) {
glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
// set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
// add a new set of vertices to form a second triangle (a total of 6 vertices); the vertex attribute configuration remains the same (still one 3-float position vector per vertex)
float vertices[] = {
// first triangle
-0.9f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // left
-0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // right
-0.45f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // top
// second triangle
0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // left
0.9f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // right
0.45f, 0.5f, 0.0f // top
};
unsigned int VBO, VAO;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
// bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s), and then configure vertex attributes(s).
glBindVertexArray(VAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
// note that this is allowed, the call to glVertexAttribPointer registered VBO as the vertex attribute's bound vertex buffer object so afterwards we can safely unbind
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
// You can unbind the VAO afterwards so other VAO calls won't accidentally modify this VAO, but this rarely happens. Modifying other
// VAOs requires a call to glBindVertexArray anyways so we generally don't unbind VAOs (nor VBOs) when it's not directly necessary.
glBindVertexArray(0);
// uncomment this call to draw in wireframe polygons.
//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
// render loop
// -----------
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
// input
// -----
processInput(window);
// render
// ------
glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
// draw our first triangle
glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
glBindVertexArray(VAO); // seeing as we only have a single VAO there's no need to bind it every time, but we'll do so to keep things a bit more organized
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6); // set the count to 6 since we're drawing 6 vertices now (2 triangles); not 3!
// glBindVertexArray(0); // no need to unbind it every time
// glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
// optional: de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose:
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
glDeleteProgram(shaderProgram);
// glfw: terminate, clearing all previously allocated GLFW resources.
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
// process all input: query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed/released this frame and react accordingly
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window)
{
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
}
// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
// make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and
// height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}执行后，出现窗口，且绘出双三角即可
