安卓百度地图开发（二）6.0以上无法定位的问题

遇到的问题：利用百度地图sdk实现定位时，用官方demo的代码只能显示在北京（即定位失败）的问题。

解决方法：这是因为安卓6.0以上需要动态获取权限（弹出框询问用户是否通过权限）的操作，所以即使在manifest里面申请了权限也无法正确运行

首先，请看官方文档

其实我觉得文档写的不太详细啦，不过既然提到了6.0以上需要动态获取权限，就自力更生啦。

先上完整代码：

①manifest中的权限设置：

    <!-- 地图 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    //获取设备网络状态，禁用后无法获取网络状态
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    //网络权限，当禁用后，无法进行检索等相关业务
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    //读取设备硬件信息，统计数据
    <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
    //读取系统信息，包含系统版本等信息，用作统计
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    //获取设备的网络状态，鉴权所需网络代理
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    //允许sd卡写权限，需写入地图数据，禁用后无法显示地图
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
    //获取统计数据
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />
    //鉴权所需该权限获取进程列表
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    //使用步行AR导航，配置Camera权限
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

并且在 application 标签里面加入

<service android:enabled="true" android:name="com.baidu.location.f" android:process=":remote">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.baidu.location.service_v5.0.0"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

② xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapView
        android:id="@+id/bmapView"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:clickable="true" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dip" />

    <ToggleButton
        android:id="@+id/togglebutton"
        android:layout_below="@id/button1"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textOn="卫星地图"
        android:textOff="3D立方图"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"/>

</RelativeLayout>

③ Activity

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ToggleButton;

import com.baidu.location.BDLocation;
import com.baidu.location.BDLocationListener;
import com.baidu.location.LocationClient;
import com.baidu.location.LocationClientOption;
import com.baidu.mapapi.SDKInitializer;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.BaiduMap;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.BitmapDescriptor;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapStatusUpdate;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapStatusUpdateFactory;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MapView;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MyLocationConfiguration;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MyLocationConfiguration.LocationMode;
import com.baidu.mapapi.map.MyLocationData;
import com.baidu.mapapi.model.LatLng;

/**
 * 此demo用来展示如何结合定位SDK实现定位，并使用MyLocationOverlay绘制定位位置 同时展示如何使用自定义图标绘制并点击时弹出泡泡 
 *
 */
public class LocationDemo extends Activity {

    // 定位相关  
    LocationClient mLocClient;
    public MyLocationListenner myListener = new MyLocationListenner();
    private LocationMode mCurrentMode;
    BitmapDescriptor mCurrentMarker;

    MapView mMapView;
    BaiduMap mBaiduMap;

    // UI相关  
    OnCheckedChangeListener radioButtonListener;
    Button requestLocButton;
    ToggleButton togglebtn = null;
    boolean isFirstLoc = true;// 是否首次定位  

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        SDKInitializer.initialize(getApplicationContext());
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_location);
        judgePermission();
        requestLocButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        mCurrentMode = LocationMode.NORMAL;
        requestLocButton.setText("普通");
        OnClickListener btnClickListener = new OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {
                switch (mCurrentMode) {
                    case NORMAL:
                        requestLocButton.setText("跟随");
                        mCurrentMode = LocationMode.FOLLOWING;
                        mBaiduMap
                                .setMyLocationConfigeration(new MyLocationConfiguration(
                                        mCurrentMode, true, mCurrentMarker));
                        break;
                    case COMPASS:
                        requestLocButton.setText("普通");
                        mCurrentMode = LocationMode.NORMAL;
                        mBaiduMap
                                .setMyLocationConfigeration(new MyLocationConfiguration(
                                        mCurrentMode, true, mCurrentMarker));
                        break;
                    case FOLLOWING:
                        requestLocButton.setText("罗盘");
                        mCurrentMode = LocationMode.COMPASS;
                        mBaiduMap
                                .setMyLocationConfigeration(new MyLocationConfiguration(
                                        mCurrentMode, true, mCurrentMarker));
                        break;
                }
            }
        };
        requestLocButton.setOnClickListener(btnClickListener);

        togglebtn = (ToggleButton) findViewById(R.id.togglebutton);
        togglebtn
                .setOnCheckedChangeListener(new android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,
                                                 boolean isChecked) {
                        if (isChecked) {
                            // 普通地图  
                            mBaiduMap.setMapType(BaiduMap.MAP_TYPE_SATELLITE);
                        } else {
                            // 卫星地图  
                            mBaiduMap.setMapType(BaiduMap.MAP_TYPE_NORMAL);
                        }

                    }
                });

        // 地图初始化  
        mMapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.bmapView);
        mBaiduMap = mMapView.getMap();
        // 开启定位图层  
        mBaiduMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
        // 定位初始化  
        mLocClient = new LocationClient(this);
        mLocClient.registerLocationListener(myListener);
        LocationClientOption option = new LocationClientOption();
        option.setOpenGps(true);// 打开gps  
        option.setCoorType("bd09ll"); // 设置坐标类型  
        option.setScanSpan(1000);// 设置发起定位请求的间隔时间为1000ms  
        option.setIsNeedAddress(true);
        mLocClient.setLocOption(option);
        mLocClient.start();

    }

    /**
     * 定位SDK监听函数 
     */
    public class MyLocationListenner implements BDLocationListener {

        @Override
        public void onReceiveLocation(BDLocation location) {
            // map view 销毁后不在处理新接收的位置  
            if (location == null || mMapView == null)
                return;
            MyLocationData locData = new MyLocationData.Builder()
                    .accuracy(location.getRadius())
                    // 此处设置开发者获取到的方向信息，顺时针0-360  
                    .direction(100).latitude(location.getLatitude())
                    .longitude(location.getLongitude()).build();
            mBaiduMap.setMyLocationData(locData);
            if (isFirstLoc) {
                isFirstLoc = false;
                LatLng ll = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(),
                        location.getLongitude());
                // MapStatusUpdate u = MapStatusUpdateFactory.newLatLng(ll);  
                // 设置缩放比例,更新地图状态  
                float f = mBaiduMap.getMaxZoomLevel();// 19.0  
                MapStatusUpdate u = MapStatusUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(ll,
                        f - 2);
                mBaiduMap.animateMapStatus(u);
                //地图位置显示  
                Toast.makeText(LocationDemo.this, location.getAddrStr(),
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }

        }

        public void onReceivePoi(BDLocation poiLocation) {
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        mMapView.onPause();
        super.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        mMapView.onResume();
        super.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        // 退出时销毁定位  
        mLocClient.stop();
        // 关闭定位图层  
        mBaiduMap.setMyLocationEnabled(false);
        mMapView.onDestroy();
        mMapView = null;
        super.onDestroy();
    }


    //6.0之后要动态获取权限，重要！！！
    protected void judgePermission() {

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            // 检查该权限是否已经获取
            // 权限是否已经 授权 GRANTED---授权  DINIED---拒绝

            // sd卡权限
            String[] SdCardPermission = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, SdCardPermission[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, SdCardPermission, 100);
            }

            //手机状态权限
            String[] readPhoneStatePermission = {Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, readPhoneStatePermission[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, readPhoneStatePermission, 200);
            }

            //定位权限
            String[] locationPermission = {Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, locationPermission[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, locationPermission, 300);
            }

            String[] ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION = {Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, 400);
            }


            String[] READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = {Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 500);
            }

            String[] WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 600);
            }

        }else{
            //doSdCardResult();
        }
        //LocationClient.reStart();
    }
}

其中的重点代码是动态申请权限部分：

//6.0之后要动态获取权限，重要！！！
    protected void judgePermission() {

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            // 检查该权限是否已经获取
            // 权限是否已经 授权 GRANTED---授权  DINIED---拒绝

            // sd卡权限
            String[] SdCardPermission = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, SdCardPermission[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, SdCardPermission, 100);
            }

            //手机状态权限
            String[] readPhoneStatePermission = {Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, readPhoneStatePermission[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, readPhoneStatePermission, 200);
            }

            //定位权限
            String[] locationPermission = {Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, locationPermission[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, locationPermission, 300);
            }

            String[] ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION = {Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, 400);
            }


            String[] READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = {Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 500);
            }

            String[] WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 如果没有授予该权限，就去提示用户请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 600);
            }

        }else{
            //doSdCardResult();
        }
        //LocationClient.reStart();
    }
}

这里申请的权限来自于官方文档中写的：

这样就能正常显示定位了，效果图如下

安卓百度地图开发（二）6.0以上无法定位的问题

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