【微服务】微服务环境搭建

目录

2.1 技术选型

2.2 模块设计

2.3 微服务调用

2.4 创建⽗⼯程

2.5 创建商品微服务

2.6 创建订单微服务

---

2.1 技术选型

持久层 : SpingData Jpa

数据库 : MySQL5.7

其他 : SpringCloud Alibaba 技术栈

2.2 模块设计

--- shop-parent ⽗⼯程

--- shop-product-api 商品微服务 api 【存放商品实体】

--- shop-product-server 商品微服务 【端⼝:8081 】

--- shop-order-api 订单微服务 api 【存放订单实体】

--- shop-order-server 订单微服务 【端⼝:8091 】

2.3 微服务调用

在微服务架构中，最常⻅的场景就是微服务之间的相互调⽤。我们以电商系统中常⻅的 ⽤户下单 为

例来演示微服务的调⽤：客户向订单微服务发起⼀个下单的请求，在进⾏保存订单之前需要调⽤商品微服务查询商品的信息。

我们⼀般把服务的主动调⽤⽅称为 服务消费者 ，把服务的被调⽤⽅称为 服务提供者 。

2.4 创建⽗⼯程

        创建⼀个maven ⼯程，然后在 pom.xml ⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 <packaging>pom</packaging>
 <!--⽗⼯程-->
 <parent>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
 <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
 </parent>
 <!--依赖版本的锁定-->
 <properties>
 <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
 <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version>
 <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.3.RELEASE</spring-cloudalibaba.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencyManagement>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
 <type>pom</type>
 <scope>import</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
 <type>pom</type>
 <scope>import</scope>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>
</project>

2.5 创建商品微服务

        1.创建 shop-product-api 项⽬，然后在 pom.xml ⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <parent>
 <artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 </parent>
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <artifactId>shop-product-api</artifactId>
 <!--依赖-->
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
</project>

2 创建实体类

//商品
@Entity(name = "t_shop_product")
@Data
public class Product {
 @Id
 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
 private Long pid;//主键
 private String pname;//商品名称
 private Double pprice;//商品价格
 private Integer stock;//库存
}

3. 创建 shop-product-server 项⽬，然后在 pom.xml ⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <parent>
 <artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 </parent>
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <artifactId>shop-product-server</artifactId>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.56</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <artifactId>shop-product-api</artifactId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
</project>

4. 编写启动类 ProductServer.java

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductServer {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(ProductServer.class,args);
 }
}

5. 编写配置⽂件 application.yml

server :

        port : 8081

spring :

        application :

                name : product-service

        datasource :

                driver-class-name : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

                url : jdbc : mysql : ///shop-product?

serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true

                username : root

                password : admin

        jpa :

                properties :

                        hibernate :

                                hbm2ddl :

                                        auto : update

                                        dialect : org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

6. 在数据库中创建 shop-product 的数据库

7. 创建 ProductDao

public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product, Long> {
}

8. 创建 ProductService 接⼝和实现类

@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {
 @Autowired
 private ProductDao productDao;
 @Override
 public Product findByPid(Long pid) {
 return productDao.findById(pid).get();
 }
}

9. 创建 Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {
 @Autowired
 private ProductService productService;
 //商品信息查询
 @RequestMapping("/product/{pid}")
 public Product findByPid(@PathVariable("pid") Long pid) {
 log.info("接下来要进⾏{}号商品信息的查询", pid);
 Product product = productService.findByPid(pid);
 log.info("商品信息查询成功,内容为{}", JSON.toJSONString(product));
 return product;
 }
}

10. 启动⼯程，等到数据库表创建完毕之后，加⼊测试数据

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE( NULL , ' ⼩⽶ ' , '1000' , '5000' );

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE( NULL , ' 华为 ' , '2000' , '5000' );

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE( NULL , ' 苹果 ' , '3000' , '5000' );

INSERT INTO t_shop_product VALUE( NULL , 'OPPO' , '4000' , '5000' );

11.通过浏览器访问服务

 

2.6 创建订单微服务

1. 创建 shop-order-api 项⽬，然后在 pom.xml ⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <parent>
 <artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 </parent>
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <artifactId>shop-order-api</artifactId>
 <!--依赖-->
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
</project>

2 创建实体类

//订单
@Entity(name = "t_shop_order")
@Data
public class Order {
 @Id
 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
 private Long oid;//订单id
 //⽤户
 private Long uid;//⽤户id
 private String username;//⽤户名
 //商品
 private Long pid;//商品id
 private String pname;//商品名称
 private Double pprice;//商品单价
 //数量
 private Integer number;//购买数量
}

3. 创建 shop-order-server 项⽬，然后在 pom.xml ⽂件中添加下⾯内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <parent>
 <artifactId>shop-parent</artifactId>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 </parent>
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <artifactId>shop-order-server</artifactId>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.56</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>cn.wolfcode</groupId>
 <artifactId>shop-order-api</artifactId>
 <version>1.0.0</version>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
</project>

4. 编写启动类 OrderServer.java

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderServer {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(OrderServer.class,args);
 }
}

5. 编写配置⽂件 application.yml

server :

        port : 8091

spring :

        application :

                name : order-service

        datasource :

                driver-class-name : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

                url : jdbc : mysql : ///shop-order? serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true

                username : root

                password : admin

        jpa :

                properties :

                        hibernate :

                                hbm2ddl :

                                        auto : update

                                        dialect : org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

6.在数据库中创建shop-order的数据库 

7. 创建 OrderDao

public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order, Long> {
}

8. 创建 OrderService 接⼝和实现类

@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
 @Autowired
 private OrderDao orderDao;
 @Override
 public Order createOrder(Long productId,Long userId) {
 log.info("接收到{}号商品的下单请求,接下来调⽤商品微服务查询此商品信息",
productId);
 //远程调⽤商品微服务,查询商品信息
 Product product = null;
 log.info("查询到{}号商品的信息,内容是:{}", productId,
JSON.toJSONString(product));
 //创建订单并保存
 Order order = new Order();
 order.setUid(userId);
 order.setUsername("叩丁狼教育");
 order.setPid(productId);
 order.setPname(product.getPname());
 order.setPprice(product.getPprice());
 order.setNumber(1);
 orderDao.save(order);
 log.info("创建订单成功,订单信息为{}", JSON.toJSONString(order));
 return order;
 }
}

9. 创建 Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {
 @Autowired
 private OrderService orderService;
 @RequestMapping("/save")
 public Order order(Long pid,Long uid) {
 return orderService.createOrder(pid,uid);
 }
}

10.直接往数据库中添加几条数据，启动项目进行调用即可。