Python 学习之路: 常用断言汇总

最近学习Python，在代码测试阶段用学到断言功能，断言方法用于检查你认为应该满足的条件是否确实满足。如果该条件确实满足，即可确信程序行为没有错误，否则，条件并不满足，将引发异常错误。

unittest.TestCase 中常用的6个断言：

assertEqual(a,b) 核实 a==b
assertNotEqual(a,b) 核实 a!=b
assertTrue(x) 核实 x=True
assertFalse(x) 核实 x=False
assertIn(item,list) 核实 item in list
assertNotIn(item,list) 核实 item not in list

1.状态断言

def test_get(self):
    r = requests.get('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/get')
    print(r.next)
    print(r.json())
    print(r.status_code)
    assert r.status_code == 200

2.json断言

def test_post_json(self):
    payload = {
        "level": 1,
        "name": "zizi"
    }
    r = requests.post('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/post', json=payload)
    print(r.text)
    assert r.json()['json']['level'] == 1

3.list结构里的json断言

def test_hogwarts_json(self):
    r = requests.get('https://home.testing-studio.com/categories.json')
    print(r.text)
    assert r.status_code == 200
    print(jsonpath.jsonpath(r.json(), '$..name')) #打印出所有的name
    assert r.json()['category_list']['categories'][0]['name'] == "开源项目" #json断言

4.jsonpath断言

def test_hogwarts_json(self):
    r = requests.get('https://home.testing-studio.com/categories.json')
    print(r.text)
    assert r.status_code == 200
    print(jsonpath.jsonpath(r.json(), '$..name')) #打印出所有的name
    assert jsonpath.jsonpath(r.json(),'$..name')[0] == "开源项目" #jsonpath断言

5.assert_that断言

def test_hamcrest(self):
    r = requests.get('https://home.testing-studio.com/categories.json')
    assert_that(r.json()['category_list']['categories'][0]['name'], equal_to("开源项目"))   #assert_that

6.post_xml断言

def test_post_xml(self):
    xml = """<xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'><a>6</a>"""
    headers = {"Content-Type": "application/xml"}

    r = requests.post('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/post', data=xml,headers=headers).text
    print(r.text)

7.files断言

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def test_files(self):
    url = 'https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/post'
    files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}
    r = requests.post(url, files=files)
    print(r.text)

8.header断言

def test_header(self):
    headers = {'user-agent': 'my-app/0.0.1'}
    r = requests.get('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/get', headers=headers)
    print(r.text)
    assert r.json()['headers']["User-Agent"] == "my-app/0.0.1"

9.cookie断言

def test_cookie(self):
    cookies = dict(cookies_are='working')
    r = requests.get('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/get', cookies=cookies)
    print(r.text)
    assert r.json()['headers']["Cookie"] == "cookies_are=working"

Python 学习之路: 常用断言汇总

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