1、字典
- 字典其实就是key-value对
- 例子：（python简明教程）
#!/usr/bin/python
# Filename: using_dict.py
# 'ab' is short for 'a'ddress'b'ook
ab = { 'Swaroop' : '[email protected]',
'Larry' : '[email protected]',
'Matsumoto' : '[email protected]',
'Spammer' : '[email protected]'
}
print "Swaroop's address is %s" % ab['Swaroop']
# Adding a key/value pair
ab['Guido'] = '[email protected]'
# Deleting a key/value pair
del ab['Spammer']
print '\nThere are %d contacts in the address-book\n' % len(ab)
for name, address in ab.items():
print 'Contact %s at %s' % (name, address)
if 'Guido' in ab: # OR ab.has_key('Guido')
print "\nGuido's address is %s" % ab['Guido']
- 结果：
$ python using_dict.py Swaroop's address is [email protected] There are 4 contacts in the address-book Contact Swaroop at [email protected] Contact Matsumoto at [email protected] Contact Larry at [email protected] Contact Guido at [email protected] Guido's address is [email protected]
-
items方法用于返回一个元组的列表，每个列表中都有键和值，如上面的for循环遍历
-
in方法或者has_key方法可以检验这个键是否存在
- %s 它的含义是“这里将被替换成一个新的字符串”
- 字符串中的%后面会附带一个字母，代表着用来替换的变量的类型，比如说%d代表着你将替换到此处的变量是一个整数，而%s代表着一个字符串