SpringCloudAlibaba学习-01-nacos学习(1)

nacos是什么?
Nacos是一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现、配置管理和服务管理平台。
使用Nacos组件可以作为微服务架构的注册中心和配置中心，
可以简单理解为可以代替Netflix解决方案中的Eureka组件和Spring Cloud Config组件。

主要功能:

注册中心
动态服务发现对以服务为中心的（例如微服务和云原生）应用架构方式非常关键。
Nacos支持DNS-Based和RPC-Based（Dubbo、gRPC）模式的服务发现。Nacos也提供实时健康检查，以防止将请求发往不健康的主机或服务实例。借助Nacos，您可以更容易地为您的服务实现断路器。通过 Nacos Server 和 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery 实现服务的注册与发现
动态配置服务
动态配置服务让您能够以中心化、外部化和动态化的方式管理所有环境的配置。动态配置消除了配置变更时重新部署应用和服务的需要。
配置中心化管理让实现无状态服务更简单，也让按需弹性扩展服务更容易。
通过 Nacos Server 和 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config 实现配置的动态变更。

实现注册中心功能代码如下:
参考: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/101479065
架构是这样的至少需要nacos-server provider和consumer
在这里插入图片描述

nacos单体架构:
使用nacos-docker安装nacos-server
docker-compose.yml

version: "3.7" 
services:
    nacos_server:
        image: nacos/nacos-server 
        container_name: nacos-server
        ports: 
            - 8848:8848
        volumes:
            - ./standalone-logs/:/home/nacos/logs
            - ./init.d/custom.properties:/home/nacos/init.d/custom.properties
        environment:
            - PREFER_HOST_MODE=hostname
            - MODE=standalone

启动后输入访问 http://localhost:8848/nacos 账号/密码nacos/nacos
在这里插入图片描述

创建: nacos-provider
pom文件如下: 注意springboot的版本和spring-boot-dependencies的版本

    <properties>
        <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring.boot.version>2.3.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.6.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
    </properties>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.demo.springcloud_02_nacos_cluster</groupId>
    <artifactId>nacos-cluster-provider_1</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>nacos-cluster-private_1</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>


    <properties>
        <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring.boot.version>2.3.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.6.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.0</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--nacos注册中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring-boot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud-alibaba -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

main 函数添加
@EnableDiscoveryClient  代码如下

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosProviderApplication {
    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    
        SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

提供服务的代码如下

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class EchoController {
    
    
    @GetMapping("/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string) {
    
    
        return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + string;
    }
}

配置文件如下
application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #注册中心地址
server:
  port: 8081

创建消费者nacos-consumer:
pom文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.demo.springcloud_01_nacos_standalone</groupId>
    <artifactId>nacos-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>nacos-consumer</name>
    <description>nacos消费者</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.0</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--注册中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring-boot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.6.1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2021.0.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-cloud-alibaba -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

main函数代码添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosConsumerApplication {
    
    
    @LoadBalanced
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
    
    
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

消费代码:

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
    
    

    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public ConsumerController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
    
    this.restTemplate = restTemplate;}

    @GetMapping("/echo/{str}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String str) {
    
    
        System.out.println("入参: "+ str);
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://nacos-provider/echo/" + str, String.class);
    }
}

配置文件yml

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #注册中心地址

server:
  port: 8082

启动nacos-provider 和 nacos-consumer
在这里插入图片描述
访问: http://localhost:8082/echo/demo

现在只能说是一个最简单demo,后面还有很多东西,比如集群,鉴权,配置中心等

SpringCloudAlibaba学习-01-nacos学习(1)

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