OpenStack-Glance镜像组件 “T版“ 简单部署以及原理解析

其他 2021-03-23 23:47:45 阅读次数: 0

OpenStack镜像服务是IaaS的核心服务。镜像服务主要是由glance组件实现。它接受磁盘镜像或服务器镜像API请求，和来自终端用户或OpenStack计算组件的元数据定义。它也支持包括OpenStack对象存储在内的多种类型仓库上的磁盘镜像或服务器镜像存储。

镜像服务就是用来管理镜像的，让用户能够发现，获取和保存镜像。在OpenStack中提供镜像服务的是Glance，其主要功能如下：

查询和获取镜像的元数据和镜像本身

注册和上传虚拟机镜像，包括镜像的创建，上传，下载和管理

维护镜像信息，包括元数据和镜像本身

支持多种方式存储镜像，包括普通的文件系统，Swift，Amazon S3等

对虚拟机实例创造快照命令来创建新的镜像，或者备份虚拟机的状态

因为OpenStack上创建虚拟机需要镜像支持，所以先行进行部署部署思路

①创建数据库、授权

②创建openstack用户、授权、管理

③修改配置文件（glance-api.conf、glance-registry.conf）

④初始化数据库、上传实例镜像

一、创建数据库实例和数据库用户

[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

二、创建用户、修改配置文件

1.创建OpenStack的Glance用户
注：先前已经部署过keystone，创建用户前，需要首先执行管理员环境变量脚本（此处已经在~/.bashrc 中定义过了）

[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password GLANCE_PASS glance
 +---------------------+----------------------------------+
 | Field               | Value                            |
 +---------------------+----------------------------------+
 | domain_id           | default                          |
 | enabled             | True                             |
 | id                  | edc8c773fa93466d8d17826ee88b15ae |
 | name                | glance                           |
 | options             | {}                               |
 | password_expires_at | None                             |
 +---------------------+----------------------------------+

将glance用户添加到service项目中，并且针对这个项目拥有admin权限；注册glance的API，需要对service项目有admin权限

[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

创建一个service服务，service名称为glance，类型为image；创建完成后可以通过 openstack service
list 查看

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image
 +-------------+----------------------------------+
 | Field       | Value                            |
 +-------------+----------------------------------+
 | description | OpenStack Image                  |
 | enabled     | True                             |
 | id          | 6752f5c5220840baaefa64fd1a900e22 |
 | name        | glance                           |
| type        | image                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

2.创建镜像服务 API 端点，OpenStack使用三种API端点代表三种服务：admin、internal、public

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller:9292
 +--------------+----------------------------------+
 | Field        | Value                            |
 +--------------+----------------------------------+
 | enabled      | True                             |
 | id           | cd124667d3184eb88390a76aae44f6b0 |
 | interface    | public                           |
 | region       | RegionOne                        |
 | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 6752f5c5220840baaefa64fd1a900e22 |
| service_name | glance                           |
| service_type | image                            |
| url          | http://controller:9292           |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

[root@controller ~]#  openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 7eaba6920ccf46afa47fb2c361ae61d2 |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 6752f5c5220840baaefa64fd1a900e22 |
| service_name | glance                           |
| service_type | image                            |
| url          | http://controller:9292           |
+--------------+----------------------------------+


[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 7db4b64ebc634fbd805ecaf78aac4ff8 |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 6752f5c5220840baaefa64fd1a900e22 |
| service_name | glance                           |
| service_type | image                            |
| url          | http://controller:9292           |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

3.安装 openstack-glance 软件包

[root@controller ~]# yum -y install openstack-glance

4.修改glance配置文件，glance有两个配置文件，分别是/etc/glance/glance-api.conf /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

glance-api.conf配置

[root@controller ~]# cp -a /etc/glance/glance-api.conf{,.bak}
[root@controller ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/glance/glance-api.conf.bak > /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri http://controller:5000
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://controller:5000
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers controller:11211
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken username glance
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf keystone_authtoken password GLANCE_PASS
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf paste_deploy flavor keystone
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store stores file,http
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store default_store file
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store filesystem_store_datadir /var/lib/glance/images/

glance-registry.conf 配置

[root@controller ~]# cp -a /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf{,.bak}
[root@controller ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf.bak > /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf database connection  mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken www_authenticate_uri   http://controller:5000
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url  http://controller:5000
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers  controller:11211
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type  password
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name  Default
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name  Default
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken project_name  service
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken username  glance
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf keystone_authtoken password  GLANCE_PASS
[root@controller ~]# openstack-config --set /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf paste_deploy flavor  keystone

5.初始化glance数据库，生成相关表结构
注：不管有多少个controler，只需要初始化一次即可

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

6.开启glance服务
注：此处开启之后会生成存放镜像的目录/var/lib/glance/image

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service

[root@controller ~]# netstat -natp | grep 9292
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:9292     0.0.0.0:*      LISTEN    23002/python2

7.赋予openstack-glance-api.service服务对存储设备的可写权限

[root@controller ~]# chown -hR glance:glance /var/lib/glance/

8.镜像导入，先上传cirros镜像到控制节点的/root，然后导入glance，最后查看是否创建成功

镜像：cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img

[root@controller ~]# openstack image create --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public cirros
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field            | Value                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum         | f8ab98ff5e73ebab884d80c9dc9c7290                                                                                                                                                           |
| container_format | bare                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| created_at       | 2021-02-21T10:25:38Z                                                                                                                                                                       |
| disk_format      | qcow2                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| file             | /v2/images/3324344d-8663-46f8-8c76-10b13ae6f490/file                                                                                                                                       |
| id               | 3324344d-8663-46f8-8c76-10b13ae6f490                                                                                                                                                       |
| min_disk         | 0                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| min_ram          | 0                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| name             | cirros                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| owner            | f1538b259c2940e09ac65e5443ffc8d5                                                                                                                                                           |
| properties       | os_hash_algo='sha512', os_hash_value='f0fd1b50420dce4ca382ccfbb528eef3a38bbeff00b54e95e3876b9bafe7ed2d6f919ca35d9046d437c6d2d8698b1174a335fbd66035bb3edc525d2cdb187232', os_hidden='False' |
| protected        | False                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| schema           | /v2/schemas/image                                                                                                                                                                          |
| size             | 13267968                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| status           | active                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| tags             |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| updated_at       | 2021-02-21T10:25:38Z                                                                                                                                                                       |
| virtual_size     | None                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| visibility       | public                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

9.查看镜像

[root@controller ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 3324344d-8663-46f8-8c76-10b13ae6f490 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

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