python制作简单文本编辑器

• 本程序整理自《Tkinter_GUI_Application_Development_Blueprints》的第二章节。

• 使用python自带的tkinter模块构建。

• 使用自带的IDLE编写。

• 注释是自己添加的。

• 注意：此工具栏图标使用PhotoImage()函数，使用的是gif图标，其它格式图标需使用其它函数来读取图片信息。

• 图标库可以自己做。其步骤是将下载的jpg或png图片选中，右键编辑，剪切选取需要的内容，新建，粘贴，保存，选择图片格式，输入文件名。

• 图标：

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.filedialog
import tkinter.messagebox as tmb
import os
#新建根窗口
root=Tk()
#新建Menu实例
menu_bar=Menu(root)
file_menu=Menu(menu_bar,tearoff=0)
edit_menu=Menu(menu_bar,tearoff=0)
view_menu=Menu(menu_bar,tearoff=0)
about_menu=Menu(menu_bar,tearoff=0)
themes_menu=Menu(menu_bar,tearoff=0)

file_name = None
#获取文本行数
def get_line_numbers():
    output = ''
    if show_line_number.get():
        row, col = content_text.index("end").split('.')
        for i in range(1, int(row)):
            output +=str(i)+ '\n'
    return output
#更新文本行数
def update_line_numbers(event = None):
    line_numbers = get_line_numbers()
    line_number_bar.config(state='normal')
    line_number_bar.delete('1.0', 'end')
    line_number_bar.insert('1.0', line_numbers)
    line_number_bar.config(state='disabled')
#高亮当前行    
def highlight_line(interval=100):
    content_text.tag_remove("active_line", 1.0, "end")
    content_text.tag_add("active_line", "insert linestart", "insert lineend+1c")
    content_text.after(interval, toggle_highlight)
#非高亮当前行    
def undo_highlight():
    content_text.tag_remove("active_line", 1.0, "end")
#高亮状态切换
def toggle_highlight(event=None):
    if to_highlight_line.get():
        highlight_line()
    else:
        undo_highlight()
#显示光标信息
def show_cursor_info_bar():
    show_cursor_info_checked = show_cursor_info.get()
    if show_cursor_info_checked:
        cursor_info_bar.pack(expand='no', fill=None, side='right', anchor='se')
    else:
        cursor_info_bar.pack_forget()
#更新光标信息
def update_cursor_info_bar(event=None):
    row, col = content_text.index(INSERT).split('.')
    line_num, col_num = str(int(row)), str(int(col)+1) 
    infotext = "Line: {0} | Column: {1}".format(line_num, col_num)
    cursor_info_bar.config(text=infotext)
#当文本内容改变时触发
def on_content_changed(event=None):
    update_line_numbers()
    update_cursor_info_bar()
#打开文件
def open_file(event=None):
    input_file_name=tkinter.filedialog.askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt", filetypes=[("All Files", "*.*"), ("Text Documents","*.txt")])
    if input_file_name:
        global file_name
        file_name = input_file_name
        root.title('{} - {}'.format(os.path.basename(file_name), PROGRAM_NAME))
        content_text.delete(1.0, END)
        with open(file_name) as _file:
            content_text.insert(1.0, _file.read())
        on_content_changed()
#保存文件
def save(event=None):
    global file_name
    if not file_name:
        save_as()
    else:
        write_to_file(file_name)
    return "break"
#保存文件为
def save_as(event=None):
    input_file_name = tkinter.filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension=".txt", filetypes=[("All Files", "*.*"), ("Text Documents", "*.txt")])
    if input_file_name:
        global file_name
        file_name = input_file_name
        write_to_file(file_name)
        root.title('{} - {}'.format(os.path.basename(file_name),PROGRAM_NAME))
    return "break"
#写入磁盘
def write_to_file(file_name):
    try:
        content = content_text.get(1.0, 'end')
        with open(file_name, 'w') as the_file:
            the_file.write(content)
    except IOError:
        pass
#新建文件
def new_file(event=None):
    root.title("Untitled")
    global file_name
    file_name = None
    content_text.delete(1.0,END)
    on_content_changed()
#退出编辑器
def exit_editor(event=None):
    if tkinter.messagebox.askokcancel("Quit?", "Really quit?"):
        root.destroy()
#剪切
def cut():
    content_text.event_generate("<<Cut>>")
    on_content_changed()
#复制
def copy():
    content_text.event_generate("<<Copy>>")
#粘贴
def paste():
    content_text.event_generate("<<Paste>>")
    on_content_changed()
#恢复
def redo(event=None):
    content_text.event_generate("<<Redo>>")
    on_content_changed()
    return 'break'
#撤销
def undo(event=None):
    content_text.event_generate("<<Undo>>")
    on_content_changed()
    return 'break'
#全选
def select_all(event=None):
    content_text.tag_add('sel', '1.0', 'end')
    return "break"
#查找
def find_text(event=None):
    search_toplevel=Toplevel(root)
    search_toplevel.title('Find Text')
    search_toplevel.transient(root)
    search_toplevel.resizable(False, False)
    Label(search_toplevel, text="Find All:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='e')
    search_entry_widget = Entry(search_toplevel, width=50)
    search_entry_widget.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=2, pady=2, sticky='we')
    search_entry_widget.focus_set()
    ignore_case_value = IntVar()
    Checkbutton(search_toplevel, text='Ignore  Case',variable=ignore_case_value).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='e', padx=2, pady=2)
    Button(search_toplevel, text="Find All", underline=0,command=lambda: search_output( search_entry_widget.get(), ignore_case_value.get(), content_text, search_toplevel,search_entry_widget)).grid(row=0, column=2, sticky='e' +'w', padx=2, pady=2)
#关闭查找窗口
def close_search_window():
    content_text.tag_remove('match', '1.0', END)
    search_toplevel.destroy()
    search_toplevel.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', close_search_window)
    return "break"
#查找结果输出
def search_output(needle, if_ignore_case, content_text,search_toplevel, search_box):
    content_text.tag_remove('match', '1.0', END)
    matches_found = 0
    if needle:
         start_pos = '1.0'
         while True:
             start_pos = content_text.search(needle, start_pos, nocase=if_ignore_case, stopindex=END)
             if not start_pos:
                 break
             end_pos = '{}+{}c'.format(start_pos, len(needle))
             content_text.tag_add('match', start_pos, end_pos)
             matches_found += 1
             start_pos = end_pos
         content_text.tag_config( 'match', foreground='red', background='yellow')
    search_box.focus_set()
    search_toplevel.title('{} matches found'.format(matches_found)) 
#显示about
def display_about_messagebox(event=None):
    tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("About", "{}{}".format(PROGRAM_NAME, "\nTkinter GUI Application\n Development Blueprints"))
#显示help
def display_help_messagebox(event=None):
    tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("Help", "Help Book: \nTkinter GUI Application\n Development Blueprints", icon='question')
#变量初始化
show_cursor_info=BooleanVar()
to_highlight_line = BooleanVar() 
theme_choice=StringVar()
show_line_number = IntVar()
show_line_number.set(1)
#主题
color_schemes = { 'Default': '#000000.#FFFFFF',
                  'Greygarious':'#83406A.#D1D4D1',
                  'Aquamarine': '#5B8340.#D1E7E0',
                  'Bold Beige': '#4B4620.#FFF0E1',
                  'Cobalt Blue':'#ffffBB.#3333aa',
                  'Olive Green': '#D1E7E0.#5B8340',
                  'Night Mode': '#FFFFFF.#000000'} 
#更换主题
def change_theme(event=None):
    selected_theme = theme_choice.get()
    fg_bg_colors = color_schemes.get(selected_theme)
    foreground_color, background_color = fg_bg_colors.split('.')
    content_text.config(background=background_color,fg=foreground_color) 
#File
file_menu.add_command(label="New", accelerator='Ctrl+N',    compound='left', underline=0,command=new_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Open", accelerator='Ctrl+O',    compound='left', underline=0,command=open_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Save", accelerator='Ctrl+S',    compound='left', underline=0 ,command= save)
file_menu.add_command(label="Save as", accelerator='Shift+Ctrl+S',    compound='left', underline=0, command= save_as)
file_menu.add_separator()
file_menu.add_command(label="Exit", accelerator='Alt+F4',    compound='left', underline=0, command= exit_editor)
#Edit
edit_menu.add_command(label="Undo", accelerator='Ctrl + Z',    compound='left',command=undo)
edit_menu.add_command(label="Redo", accelerator='Ctrl + Y',    compound='left',command=redo)
edit_menu.add_separator()
edit_menu.add_command(label="Cut", accelerator='Ctrl + X',    compound='left',command=cut)
edit_menu.add_command(label="Copy", accelerator='Ctrl + C',    compound='left',command=copy)
edit_menu.add_command(label="Paste", accelerator='Ctrl + V',    compound='left',command=paste)
edit_menu.add_separator()
edit_menu.add_command(label="Find",underline=0, accelerator='Ctrl + F',    compound='left',command=find_text)
edit_menu.add_separator()
edit_menu.add_command(label="Select All",underline=7, accelerator='Ctrl + A',    compound='left',command=select_all)
#View
view_menu.add_checkbutton(label="Show Line Number",    variable=show_line_number)
view_menu.add_checkbutton(label="Show Cursor Location at Bottom",variable=show_cursor_info, command=show_cursor_info_bar)
view_menu.add_checkbutton(label='Highlight Current Line',    onvalue=1, offvalue=0, variable=to_highlight_line,command=toggle_highlight)
#Themes
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Default",  variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Aquamarine", variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Bold Beige", variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Cobalt Blue", variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Greygarious", variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Night Mode", variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
themes_menu.add_radiobutton(label="Olive Green", variable=theme_choice,command=change_theme)
view_menu.add_cascade(label="Themes", menu=themes_menu)
#About
about_menu.add_command(label="About", compound='left', command=display_about_messagebox)
about_menu.add_command(label="Help", compound='left', command=display_help_messagebox)
#主菜单栏
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='File',menu=file_menu)
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Edit',menu=edit_menu)
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='View',menu=view_menu)
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='About',menu=about_menu)
#窗口名称
PROGRAM_NAME = " Footprint Editor "
root.title(PROGRAM_NAME)
#工具栏
shortcut_bar = Frame(root,  height=25, background='light sea green')
shortcut_bar.pack(expand='no', fill='x')
#图标名称
icons = ('new_file', 'open_file', 'save', 'cut', 'copy', 'paste','undo', 'redo', 'find_text')
for i, icon in enumerate(icons):
    tool_bar_icon = PhotoImage(file='icons/{}.gif'.format(icon))#图标文件路径
    cmd = eval(icon)
    tool_bar = Button(shortcut_bar, image=tool_bar_icon, command=cmd)
    tool_bar.image = tool_bar_icon
    tool_bar.pack(side='left')
#左侧行数区    
line_number_bar = Text(root, width=4, padx=3, takefocus=0,    border=0, background='khaki', state='disabled', wrap='none')
line_number_bar.pack(side='left', fill='y')
#文本内容区和右侧滚动条
content_text = Text(root, wrap='word',undo=1)
content_text.tag_configure('active_line', background='ivory2')
content_text.bind('<Any-KeyPress>', on_content_changed)
content_text.pack(expand='yes', fill='both')
scroll_bar = Scrollbar(content_text)
content_text.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll_bar.set)
scroll_bar.config(command=content_text.yview)
scroll_bar.pack(side='right', fill='y')
#右键下拉菜单
popup_menu = Menu(content_text)
for i in ('cut', 'copy', 'paste', 'undo', 'redo'):
    cmd = eval(i)
    popup_menu.add_command(label=i, compound='left', command=cmd)
popup_menu.add_separator()
popup_menu.add_command(label='Select All', underline=7,    command=select_all)
def show_popup_menu(event):
    popup_menu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root)
content_text.bind('<Button-3>', show_popup_menu)
#右下侧光标信息显示
cursor_info_bar = Label(content_text, text='Line: 1 | Column: 1')
cursor_info_bar.pack(expand=NO, fill=None, side='right',    anchor='se')

root.config(menu=menu_bar)
root.mainloop()